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Hernia Surgeries

Terms in this set (48)

an abnormal protrusion of an organ or part of an organ through a defect in the supporting structures that normally contain it... this is known as what?
hernia
a hernia that develops over time from previous injury or surgical incision
Acquired
a hernia in which you are born with the defect
Congenital
a hernia in which contents become trapped outside abdominal wall due to adhesions or a narrowing of the neck of the hernia sac
Non-reducible/incarcerated
a hernia in which contents of hernia sac may be returned to normal position within the abdomen
Reducible
an incarcerated hernia with compromised blood supply where contents within the sac necrose... may also have bowel obstruction.
Strangulated
a hernia that is a result of a strain injury...
Traumatic
a type of hernia that occurs in defects of the rectus muscle
Abdominal
a type of hernia that occurs in Cooper's ligament
Femoral
a type of hernia that occurs in the inguinal canal structures (Direct, indirect, and pantaloon)
Inguinal
type of hernia that is incarcerated or strangulated... contents spontaneously reduce and the subsequent gangrenous tissue is overlooked during hernia repair
Richter's
a type of hernia that where abdominal viscera forms part of the hernia sac
Sliding
a type of hernia that occurs in defects of the muscle and linea alba
Umbilical
a type of hernia that may occur wherever surgery has been done
Ventral or Incisional
These hernias are the most common and are more common in men
Inguinal
What is the inguinal area of the anterolateral abdominal wall made up of?
muscles, layers of fascia, and muscular aponeuroses lined with peritoneum and covered by skin.
what is the strong sheet of fibrous connective tissue that binds muscle to muscle, or muscle to bone
Aponeurosis
What are the muscles of the anterior abdominal wall? (Superficial to deep)
External oblique, internal oblique, transverse abdominis
the major supporting structure of the posterior inguinal floor... The structure that becomes defective and is susceptible to herniation.
Transversalis Fascia
The roof of the inguinal canal is composed of this...
external abdominal oblique aponeurosis
What is the thickened lower border of the external oblique aponeurosis that is an important structure in inguinal hernia identification and repair.
Inguinal/Poupart's ligament
reinforced periosteum of the pubis (at the superior ramus) and is an important landmark in the identification and repair of some hernias.
Cooper's ligament
________ is the insertion point of the transversalis fascia to the pubis.
Cooper's ligament
If the _____________________ is opened and the cord or round ligament is mobilized, the floor of the inguinal canal is exposed.
external oblique aponeurosis
In males, what travels from inside the abdomen to the outside via the inguinal canal, and down to the scrotum and testis
the spermatic cord
The internal ring connects what with the inguinal canal?
the abdominal cavity
The external ring connects the inguinal canal with what?
the scrotum
The internal ring is located where?
transversalis fascia
The external ring is located where?
external oblique muscle
Where does the spermatic cord exits the abdomen?
The internal ring
Where does the spermatic cord exit the canal and travels to the scrotum?
The external ring
What type of hernia occurs within Hesselbach's triangle?
Direct inguinal hernia
What type of hernia occurs laterally to the epigastric vessels?
Indirect inguinal hernia
Which hernia is usually is an acquired weakness of the floor of the inguinal canal?
Direct inguinal hernia
When the hernia sac protrudes medial to the inferior epigastric vessels and spermatic cord in the region called Hesselbach's triangle what type of hernia is it?
Direct inguinal hernia
Name Hesselbach's triangle's structures:
Deep epigastric vessels laterally, inguinal/poupart's ligament inferiorly, and rectus abdominis muscles medially
What is the most common inguinal hernia?
Indirect inguinal hernia
Why are indirect inguinal hernias more common in men?
because of the natural weakness formed where spermatic cord exits the abdominal wall
Which hernia allows the sac to protrude down the spermatic cord, eventually into the scrotum due to a weakness found in the abdominal wall?
Indirect inguinal hernia
Which hernia has both a direct and indirect hernia present in same canal.
Pantaloon hernia
Used to wrap around cord to isolate and protect it.
Penrose drain dipped in saline
Skin prep for a hernia:
involved side from umbilicus over to bedline, penis, scrotum and 1/3 down thigh.
Draping for a hernia:
Square off incision site with 4 towels and laparotomy sheet
What happens is you cut the ilioinguinal nerve?
The testicle or the labia on that side will be numb.
What does the cremaster muscle do?
Allows the testicle to rise and lower in scrotal sac
Where does the genitofemoral nerve run?
Along the underside of spermatic cord.
When us mesh used for hernias?
Usually used for direct hernias or repeat indirect hernias
protrusion of iliofemoral vessels or bowel through a defect in the femoral ring at Cooper's ligament... this is known what type of hernia?
Femoral hernia
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