Upgrade to remove ads
Only $2.99/month

Grammar

Terms in this set (39)

Eight parts of speech
Noun, pronoun, verb, adverb, adjective, conjunction, interjection, preposition
Noun
operates as a subject in a sentence
persons, places, things, ideas, or events
Pronouns
used in place of nouns
eliminate the unnecessary and repetition of nouns
Personal pronouns
i, me, you, he, she, it we, us, they, them
Possessive Pronouns
indicate ownership
my, mine, ours, they
Intensive pronouns
emphasize a noun or another pronoun
Reflexive pronoun
name a receiver of an action identical with the doer of the action
Relative pronoun
introduce adjective clauses
Interrogative pronouns
introduce questions
Demonstrative pronoun
point to nouns
this, that, these, those
Indefinite pronouns
refer to nonspecific persons or things
all, anyone, somebody, nothing
pronoun-antecedent agreement
pronouns and antecedents must agree in number and gender
Singular Use - The doctor finished her rounds.
Plural Use - The doctors finished their rounds.
Verbs
tell the reader what is happening in the sentence
Adverbs
modify verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs
-ly
Prepositions
placed before nouns or pronouns to other words in sentences
Adjectives
Which one? What kind? How many?
Limiting Adjectives
set limits and indicate precisely how many persons, places, things or ideas we have described
Descriptive Adjectives
modify nouns and describe the characteristics and qualities of the specific nouns
Conjunctions
linking logs
Used to join words, phrases or clauses within sentences
coordinating conjunction
for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so
Correlative conjunctions
either or, neither nor, not only, but also
Interjections
show emotion
Simple sentence
the writer expresses only one independent clause
Compound sentence
two or more independent clauses but no dependent clauses
Complex sentence
contain one independent clause and one or more dependent clauses
compound-complex sentence
contain two or more independent clauses and at least one dependent clause
Independent clause
contains both a subject and a verb and can stand alone as a complete thought
Dependent clause
begin with either subordinating conjunctions or relative pronouns
do not contain both a subject and a verb and cannot stand alone as a complete thought
Passive voice
any form of the verb to be followed by the verbs past participle
Comma splice
Type of run-on sentence that occurs when two or more independent clauses are separated by a comma but without an accompanying coordinating conjunction
Dangling Modifiers
result when an introductory modifier fails to logically modify the subject of the independent clause that follows
Split Infinitives
occur when a word or phrase is inserted between the to and the verb
Dramatic Pause
created by a colon or dash that generally follows a complete sentence
Parenthetical Expressions
can be used to bury bad news in the middle
example: Our profits, which are down, are only part of the picture.
Simile
a comparison of dissimilar things using either like or as
Metaphor
a comparison of dissimilar things without using like or as
Personification
giving human qualities to an inanimate object
Exaggeration
(hyperbole) overstating for dramatic impact
Promotional Writing
based on persuasion
1. Appeals to the intellect
2. Appeals to the emotion
3. Appeals to a sense of ethics
YOU MIGHT ALSO LIKE...