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7th Chemistry of Matter

Terms in this set (36)

atom
the smallest particle into which an element can be divided and still have the properties of that element
atomic arrangement
consists of a massive, positively charged nucleus surrounded by a cloud of electrons arranged in orbits; affects the properties of an atom
chemical change
a change that occurs when the atoms and molecules of two or more substances rearrange to form new substances
chemical properties
describes how a substance changes into a new substance, either by combining with other elements or by breaking apart into new substances, includes reactivity and flammability
chemical reaction
a process in which substances undergo chemical changes; the bonds between the atoms in the reactants are broken, the atoms rearrange, and new bonds between the atoms are formed to make the products
closed system
a system (container) in which none of the products or reactants can escape during a chemical reaction
molecule
two or more atoms held together by a chemical attraction
nonmetal reactive gases
gases that are non-metals and are reactive because their outer electron shells are not full; nitrogen, oxygen, fluorine, chlorine
products
the substances that are formed in a chemical reaction; outputs
reactants
the starting materials in a chemical reaction; inputs
density
mass divided by volume; the amount of matter in a given space
boiling point
the temperature at which a liquid boils at sea level
conductivity
the ability of an object to transfer heat or electricity to another object
pH paper
indicates the strength of an acid/base; turns a different color for each pH value on the scale
element
a substance that is made up of only one type of atom; cannot be broken down into simpler substances by heating it or causing it to react with other chemicals
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