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Global Studies Chapter 6 & 7

Terms in this set (49)

All of the following are part of the ecosystem except ?

a. chemicals

b. plants

c. animals

d. humans

e. all are parts of the ecosystem
e. All are parts of the ecosystem
The Case of Thomas Austin and his rabbits shows ?

a. that one man can plan to change a broad environment and use small elements to do it

b. small changes in an ecosystem be easily controlled using modern techniques

c. even modern solutions can cause more problems

d. that an environment is very resilient and can reorder itself in a few years

e. rabbits and other native species in an environment mutate and cause difficulties
a. that one man can plan to change a broad environment and use small elements to do it
Which one of the following categorie is not included in a list of prominent greenhouse gases?

a. carbon dioxide

b. methane

c. neon

d. ozone

e. chlorofluorocarbons (CFC's)
c. neon
According to the 2009 report of the Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency, which country is the largest polluter of fossil fuels?

a. China

b. United States

c. Russia

d. India

e. Brazil
a. China
The holes that have begun to form in the part of the atmosphere that protects life on Earth from destructive ultraviolet rays are due to?

a. increased ozone and carbon dioxide

b. decreased ozone due to emissions of chlorofluorocarbons

c. increased chlorofluorocarbons and ozone

d. global warming and acid rain

e. international governmental regulations on climate change
b. decreased ozone due to emissions of chlorofluorocarbons
The human carrying capacity of an area?

a. changes when culture and technology change

b. tends to remain constant through time

c. is calculated by the yearly death rate in that area

d. is not dependent on the plants and animals of the area, only the climate

e. decreases when people migrate out of the region
a. changes when culture and technology change
The "Tragedy of the Commons" occurs because?

a. there are so few commons left in the world

b. the ocean, our largest commons, is increasingly owned by individual states

c. people tend to overuse commons

d. people protect the commons, and this leads to the overuse of private areas

e. too much attention is being paid to commons rather than more important issues
c. people tend to overuse commons
Which of the following is a commons?

a. your dormitory room

b. Yankee Stadium

c. a city park

d. an office building

e. All of the above are correct
c. a city park
The air that encompasses the world is called the 'ultimate common' because?

a. it is not owned by anyone but is used, and abused, by all

b. it is necessary for the common good of the planet

c. while its use is regulated by states, the UN has ultimate control over it

d. unlike the ocean, another common, the quality of this area can affect millions people

e. it is the last major area of the earth left pristine
a. it is not owned by anyone but is used, and abused, by all
Carbon dioxide is ?

a. poisonous and, therefore, a danger in the atmosphere

b. decreasing because of industrialization and harming coral formations

c. entering the atmosphere at an increased rate because of industrialization

d. a cause of acid rain and limited by international laws

e. now stabilized, and international concern had moved to other environmental gases
c. entering the atmosphere at an increased rate because of industrialization
Fears about the effects of global warming include

a. more deaths from extreme heat

b. flooding due to rises in seal level

c. more severe storms

d. disruption of agricultural areas

e. All of these are correct
e. All of these are correct
Most proposed solutions to global warming lie in the realm of prevention because ?

a. no realm harm has occurred yet and those that have are easily reversed by natural forces

b. the harm that has occurred cannot be easily fixed, and focus must be on stopping more damage

c. carbon dioxide levels are easily decreased when fewer pollutants are put into the atmosphere

d. is too expensive for developing countries to lessen the pollution of their factories

e. wealthy countries wish to maintain their economic standing in the international community
b. the harm that has occurred cannot be easily fixed, and focus must be on stopping more damage
The UN Millennium Ecosystem Assessment in 2005 concluded that what percentage of the Earth's land surface consists of drylands that are expected to grow in area ?

a. 8

b. 15

c. 32

d. 41

e. 77
d. 41
Deforestation is the latest concern for scientists studying ?

a. the increasing extinctions of animal species

b. global warming

c. drugs to combat diseases

d. indigenous rights

e. ozone depletion
d. indigenous rights
Different societies have claimed the right to hunt whales outside of general IWC restrictions. Which of the following statements is incorrect?

a. the Japanese claim they hunt for research purposes

b. the Makah of Washington State have claimed indigenous rights for wailing

c. Norwegian whalers claim the Minke whales they hunt are not endangered

d. Greenlanders are claiming indigenous rights

e. No indigenous group has been granted whaling rights based on traditional use
e. No indigenous group has been granted whaling rights based on traditional use
Which of the following diseases has been eradicated through modern medicine ?

a. malaria

b. smallpox

c. sickle-cell disease

d. tuberculosis

e. HIV-AIDS
b. smallpox
Malnutrition

a. directly kills over 1,000,000 people a year

b. leads to starvation

c. contributes to up to 10 percent of the deaths of children under the age of 5

d. has been tied to diarrhea and tuberculosis

e. can be cured with a simple increase in calories
c. contributes to up to 10 percent of the deaths of children under the age of 5
Referencing malaria, the CDC estimates that

a. between 350 and 500 million people get the disease every year

b. over 10 million people die annually from the disease

c. it it the most deadly disease in Africa and South America

d. fewer people get malaria than contract sickle-cell disease

e. it's a major threat to the United States
a. between 350 and 500 million people get the disease every year
Rates of sickle-cell disease and malaria are related because ?

a. they are genetic diseases, and people tend to carry both traits

b. they are environmentally caused, and people in the same areas are likely to catch both

c. sickle-cell disease carries a bacteria that causes malaria

d. sickle-cell traits offer an immunity to malaria

e. the medication that best traits malaria is deadly to those who have sickle-cell disease
e. the medication that best traits malaria is deadly to those who have sickle-cell disease
Dorothy Stang and Chico Mendes were

a. supporters of the ecology movements in the Brazilian Amazon who were murdered

b. land owners who brought the issue of road building in the Amazon to the Supreme Court

c. scientists who proved the importance of the Amazon as the "Lungs of the Planet"

d. UN representative who brought Kayapo leaders to New York to present their views

e. Brazilian historical figures who had new dams named after them
a. supporters of the ecology movements in the Brazilian Amazon who were murdered
Which of the following statements about Brazil is not true?

a. it is highly rural, with over 85% of the population living in the Amazon

b. approximately half of Brazil is in the Amazon Basin

c. It is the fifth-largest country in the world

d. it hosted the international Earth Summit in 1992

e. it has a large indigenous population in the Amazon
a. it is highly rural, with over 85% of the population living in the Amazon
Brazilian rubber tappers

a. lost their livelihoods when synthetic rubber was produced

b. have become environmentally active to protect the Amazon

c. plant two new trees for every one they kill by tapping it for rubber

d. have become the greatest force against indigenous rights in the Amazon

e. advocates clear cutting to enable new rubber trees to grow without competition
b. have become environmentally active to protect the Amazon
Which of the following offers the least threat to the ecological integrity of the Amazon?

a. gold mining

b. rubber tapping

c. dams

d. cattle ranching

e. soybean farming
e. soybean farming
The issue of the Amazon is complex because there are so many claims on it. Which of the following is not a significant contemporary claim?

a. indigenous people for their traditional ways of life

b. international community for protection from global warming

c. poor Brazilians for wage labor and income

d. international businesses for inexpensive resources

e. world ecological organizations for an independent Amazon state
e. world ecological organizations for an independent Amazon state
world ecological organizations for an independent Amazon state

a. deforestation

b. malnutrition

c. ozone depletion

d. ethnocide

e. indigenous rights
d. ethnocide
Which of the following diseases has been eradicated?

a. malaria

b. cholera

c. tuberculosis

d. smallpox

e. west nile virus
d. smallpox
Those with a high-technology perspective assert that

a. clean technology is a misnomer and foolish to pursue

b. there is money to be made cleaning the environment

c. the public concern for so-called 'green technology' slows real ecological progress

d. genetically created crops are a danger to the environment

e. all of the above are correct
b. there is money to be made cleaning the environment
those with an appropriate development perspective do not advocate

a. the use of the most modern and complex technology available

b. studying the culture of the local people

c. understanding the immediate physical environment

d. worrying about the long run when the immediate needs are pressing

e. any of the above
a. the use of the most modern and complex technology available
Those with a high-technology perspective approve of free-market enterprises and thus support all but which of the following?

a. EPA rules that lead to cleaner water

b. the cleaning of the Hudson River

c. drugs that treat pandemics

d. industry actions to clean the air

e. waste-disposal industries
a. EPA rules that lead to cleaner water
Those with a shared technology perspective disagree with which of the following?

a. people can solve ecological problems

b. high technology should be used to clean the environment

c. free enterprises should be allowed to develop ways to clean the environment

d. world groups should cooperate in cleaning the environment

e. social factors are important in solving ecology problems
e. social factors are important in solving ecology problems
Which of the following is least likely to be advocated by those with a shared-technology perspective?

a. local problems should be dealt with locally

b. actions should be sustainable

c. cooperation across borders makes the most sense

d. all projects cause problems that should be anticipated in advance

e. without a healthy environment, all people are in danger
a. local problems should be dealt with locally
Those with an appropriate technology perspective

a. encourage market-appropriate programs

b. see neocolonalism as an issue in understanding environmental issues

c. emphasize the similarity of global ecological problems

d. encourage using successful projects broadly around the world

e. do all of the above
b. see neocolonalism as an issue in understanding environmental issues
Those with a shared-technology perspective disagree with advocates of the other perspectives in which of the following ways? They

a. think environmental problems can be solved

b. reject small, low-energy-use projects

c. consider world hunger to be very important

d. ignore high-technology solutions to specific problems

e. none of the above is correct
e. none of the above is correct
Businesses that contract with indigenous people to use their inventions in products recognize the value of

a. sustainable to development

b. "Our Common Future"

c. all NGOs

d. intellectual-property rights

e. the UN Charter
d. intellectual-property rights
Those with a high-technology perspective believe which of the following?

a. human creativity can solve any problem

b. humans, as part of the environment, can progress without changing other parts

c. progress is an ecological problem

d. the environment puts us in harmony with the universe

e. all of the above are correct
a. human creativity can solve any problem
During the 1990s what was the average number of deaths in the U.S. tied to influenza?

a. 5,000

b. 12,000

c. 36,000

d. 150,000

e. 550,000
c. 36,000
The 1918 Spanish flu pandemic

a. killed more people in the world in the time it lasted than any other known disease epidemic in a similar period of time

b. killed the elderly and infants almost exclusively

c. was largely limited to Spain but killed 50 percent of their population in six months

d. eas deadly in Europe, the U.S., and Africa but left other areas untouched

e. All of the above are correct
a. killed more people in the world in the time it lasted than any other known disease epidemic in a similar period of time
By the end of the 1918 influenza epidemic what percentage of the people in the world were infected according to the World Health Organization?

a. 10

b. 25

c. 50

d. 70

e. 85
c. 50
Avian flu (1997) is a special concern for all but which of the following ?

a. migrating birds might carry it across continents

b. it may be as deadly as the 1918 flu

c. the fast rate in which it spread from birds to humans to other humans was alarming

d. by 2007 there were human cases in Asia, Africa, and Europe

e. all of the above are correct
e. all of the above are correct
Which of the following is not a newly emerging infectious disease?

a. AIDS

b. ebola

c. SARS

d. tuberculosis (TB)

e. lyme disease
d. tuberculosis (TB)
The most deadly contemporary pandemic has been

a. AIDS

b. influenza

c. malnutrition

d. ebola

e. mad-cow disease
a. AIDS
The highest rate of AIDS deaths is currently found in

a. the U.S.

b. eastern asia

c. sub-saharan africa

d. south america

e. russia
c. sub-saharan africa
Infectious diseases that are rarely seen, or rarely fatal, in the industralized world but broadly deadly in the developing world include

a. tuberculosis, influenza, and West Nile Virus

b. cholera, tuberculosis, and AIDS

c. influenza, mad-cow disease, and heart disease

d. cholera, malaria, and tuberculosis

e. malaria, AIDS, and smallpox
d. cholera, malaria, and tuberculosis
Which of the following reasons account for the rapid ad broad reaction to the discovery of swine flu in Mexico in 2009?

a. memory of the destruction of the 1918 pandemic

b. international plans put in place because of the concern over the Avian flu

c. the World Health Organization's immediate notification of world governments

d. the rapid spread of information over the internet

e. all of the above are correct
e. all of the above are correct
Those with a shared-technology perspective find international governmental organizations (IGOs) especially valuable in dealing with pandemics because they

a. have experience in dealing with worldwide problems

b. have access to wealth from member countries

c. do not have to make a profit

d. do not have the specific problems of any specific state

e. all of the above are correct
a. have experience in dealing with worldwide problems
The concerns over avian influenza have led to many changes in health plans except for which of the following?

a. the World Health Organization is the lead organization for dealing with pandemics by international agreement

b. the internet is being used by medical personnel to learn of new diseases and cures

c. the world health organization has been given powers to penalize states that do not follow its directives in pandemics

d. new factories have been built to create new vaccines as needed

e. all of the above are correct
c. the world health organization has been given powers to penalize states that do not follow its directives in pandemics
Those with a high-technology perspective are concerned about all but which of the following?

a. price protection on drugs

b. government regulations on the distribution of medications

c. high costs of research

d. market changes in drug prices

e. lawsuits against vaccine providers
b. government regulations on the distribution of medications
In 1918, the influenza disaster missed America Samoa: match the reason for this and the perspective that would support such action. They

a. received world health organization help: shared technology

b. had developed a natural immunity to the disease; appropriate technology

c. closed their borders to shipping: appropriate technology

d. had government funding to purchase needed drugs: high technology

e. experienced a high death rate from malaria: shared technology
a. received world health organization help: shared technology
Those with an appropriate-technology perspective reject the use of vaccines because

a. most cultures reject them

b. of their expense

c. they are difficult to produce and thus are only available only in developed countries

d. by definition they are high technology

e. they do not reject the use of vaccines
a. most cultures reject them
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