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Automation Technology Final Exam

Terms in this set (41)

5 types of robotic Joints
1. Linear -
2. Orthogonal -
3. Rotational - Elbow
4. Twist - Twist like rotating wrist
5. Revolving -like twist but with right angle
What is a cartesian Coordinated robotic arm system?
Box of limitations
What is the SCARA
Cylinder of limitations
What is Jointed arm Robot (TRR)
Dome of limitations
What is the difference between continuous path and point to point
Point to point gets there as fast as possible. What the robot wants.
World Space vs. Joint space
World - X,Y,Z

Joint space - uses angles from the joints
What are some of the 5 factors that affect accuracy and precision?
1. Mechanical errors
2. Gear backlash
3. Speed
4. Payload
5. Direction of approach
What is the difference between sequencing and logic control
Logic control - output at any moment based on value of inputs NO MEMORY

Sequencing - Time based events and has limited memory
What are some of the 6 advantages of PLC's over hard wired relay control panels?
1. High Density of Inputs & outputs

2. Lower $

3. Ease to program

4. Less floor space

5. More reliable

6. Greater variety in functions
What is product life-cycle management?
Going through Concept
Design
Manufacture
Service
Disposal

of product
What is an example of digital manufacturing? How is it an improvement over traditional techniques?
1. Producing prototype from 3D printer
2. Real time inventory monitoring
3. Producing mass customized products w/ lot size of ONE
4. Monitoring machine performance to predict mainenence
5. Collecting product data to update ERP/ schedule
What is the internet of things?
Network of devices/vehicles/appliances that contain software and allow them to connect and interact
Advantages of ADC over manual data entry
1. Data accuracy
2. Error rate for bar codes less
3. Labor costs
4. Quickness of entry
Define these metrics
a. Time to enter
b. error rate
c. eqip. cost

For these types of ADC
1. RFID
2. Bar Codes (1D)
3. Bar Codes (2D)
1. RFID
a. FAST
b. Low
c. HIGH
2. BAR CODES (1D)
a. Time to enter - MEDIUM
b. Error rate - LOW
c. Equipment cost - LOW
3. BAR CODES(2D)
a. Time to enter - MEDIUM
b. Error rate LOW
c. Equip cost - HIGH
Explanation of RFID
Radio Frequency Identification

1. READER Transmits low level RF magnetic Field activating transponder

2. Transponder emits a signal of electronically coded data
Difference between Single Model
Batch Model
Mixed Model
Mixed model - multiple models with NEGLIGIBLE Changeover time
When are FMS's applicable?
1. Moderate volume
2. Moderate variety
3. Parts produced in batches
4. 1 or more product families can be made
What are some of the
1. Loading Raw Mats
2. Unloading FINISHED Parts
3. Changing tools
4. Equipment repair
5. Programming
6. Monitoring performance
7. System management
What are two of the three FMS design guidlines?
1. Production rate determined by bottleneck

2. Must have right amount of WIP

if WIP too high then TP too low

if WIP too low then LT suffers

WIP/LT = TP
WIP/TP = LT
Fixed vs. Flexible Automation
Can it be programmed to do something else?
When are transfer lines applicable?
1. HIGH volume
2. Stable product design
3. Long product life
4. Multiple operations
What are three problems of the 9 that contribute to reliability issues on transfer lines ?
1. Tool Failures
2. Tool Adjustments
3. Worker Breaks
4. Stock-Outs
5. Mechanical failure
When are automated assembly systems applicable?
1. HIGH Volume
(millions)
2. Stable product design
3. Limited # of components
4. Product designed FOR automated assembly
What are 3 (of 5) factors that should be considered when designing a material handling system?
1. Materials to be handled
2. Quantities
3. Distances to be moved
4. Type of production facility
5. Budget
How does an imbedded huide wire system for a AGV work?
A. Two Sensors mounted on vehicle on either side of guidewire

B. Can guide itself on this path and multiple other paths
What are the three ways that traffic contro, can be accomplished in AGV systems?
1. On-Boarding Vehicle Sensing

2. Zone Control

3. Combination
What is the difference between a dual command cycle and a single command cycle?
Single - goes back home after every transaction
What are 3 of the many objectives associated with implementing a automated storage system?
1. Reduce Labor Cost

2. Improve Safety

3. Reduce factory floor space

4. Improve inventory control
AS/RS Calculation
Capacity per aisle = 2 Ny Nz

Total capacity = # aisles *number above
What are two of the newer inspection approaches being utilized more frequently?
1. 100% inspection
2. On-the-line sensors used during process, rather than off-site inspection
What are some of the sources of errors related to manual inspection? (4 here)
1. Task Complexity

2. Equipment calibration

3. Mental Fatigue

4. judgment
What are some of the sources of errors related to automated inspection?
1. Equipment malfunctions

2. Need of calibration

3. Computer software "bugs"

4. Resolution of inspection sensor
What are the two most common action steps?

Feedback process control

Parts sortation
FPC - send feedback to earlier process steps to make adjustments

PS - just sorts parts
Distributed Inspection? or Final inspection?
Distributed
-Identify defects QUICKLY
-Prevent additional costs

Final
-More efficient
-appealing to customer
What are 3 of the many features that may be considered when selecting a measuring device?
1. $$ Cost
2. Reliability
3. Operating range
4. SPEED
What are the advantages of Noncontact inspection?
1. No damage done

2. Faster inspection

3. No special positioning needed

4. 100% inspection possible
How does a CMM operate (coordinate measuring machine)
One of those big things with the finger that measures things
What are some of the 7 reasons where CMM would be a good Idea?
1. Post process inspection
2. Complex part geometry
3. Inspectors performing repetitive tasks
4. High variety of parts to be inspected
When is machine vision applicable?
3 places
1. Inspection
2. Identification (sorting/counting)
3. Visual Guidance and Control
How is digitization accomplished for a binary machine vision?
Pixels are matched with an example, if it does nit match the pixel count for an acceptable part then the part will be rejected or identified

The code will read either 1 or zero based on the fill of the pixels color.
What are the trade-offs between resolution, cost and processing time for machine vision systems?
Resolution^ cost ^
Time to Read as pixels^
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