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Period 5 Vocabulary

Terms in this set (46)

Abolition
The movement to make slavery and the slave trade illegal.
Abundance
a great or plentiful amount.
Anarchy
a state of disorder due to absence or nonrecognition of authority.
Balance of power
a political situation in which no one nation is powerful enough to pose a threat to others
// A state of peace that results when rival nations are equally powerful and therefore have no good reason to wage war.
Capital
a stock of accumulated goods especially at a specified time and in contrast to income received during a specified period
Capitalism
an economic and political system in which a country's trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit, rather than by the state.
Chattel Slavery
Forced labor in which the enslaved person is owned forever and whose children and children's children are automatically enslaved. They are individuals treated as complete property, to be bought and sold.
Communal
? used or shared in common by everyone in a group
Communism
A theory or system of social organization based on the holding of all property in common, actual ownership being ascribed to the community as a whole or to the state.
Conservatism
any political philosophy that favors tradition (in the sense of various religious, cultural, or nationally-defined beliefs and customs) in the face of external forces for change, and is critical of proposals for radical social change.
Contraction
the process of becoming smaller
Convict Labor
Public service for criminals which displayed disciplinary methods and created living and working conditions reminiscent of slavery where prisoners were housed and treated like animals with a high mortality rate.
Critique
a detailed analysis and assessment of something, especially a literary, philosophical, or political theory., evaluation
Diplomacy
the profession, activity, or skill of managing international relations, typically by a country's representatives abroad.
Emancipation
the fact or process of being set free from legal, social, or political restrictions; liberation. (slaves)
Emulated
match or surpass (a person or achievement), typically by imitation.// imitate
Endemic
(adj.) native or confined to a particular region or people; characteristic of or prevalent in a field
Feminism
the belief that women should possess the same political and economic rights as men
Financiers
a person concerned with the management of large amounts of money on behalf of governments or other large organizations.
Fossil fuel
Coal, oil, natural gas, and other fuels that are ancient remains of plants and animals.
Fundamental
serving as a basis supporting existence or determining essential structure or function// essential
Ideology
a system of ideas and ideals, especially one that forms the basis of economic or political theory and policy.// a collection of normative beliefs and values that an individual or group holds for other than purely knowledge reasons. The term is especially used to describe a system of ideas and ideals which forms the basis of economic or political theory and policy. Wikipedia
Imperialsim
the policy in which stronger nations extend their economi, polical, or military control over weaker territories - was always a trend around the world// the policy of extending the rule or authority of an empire or nation over foreign countries, or of acquiring and holding colonies and dependencies.
Implemented
to put into effect according to or by means of a definite plan or procedure.
Impressionism
a style or movement in painting originating in France in the 1860s, characterized by a concern with depicting the visual impression of the moment, especially in terms of the shifting effect of light and color.//
a literary or artistic style that seeks to capture a feeling or experience rather than to achieve accurate depiction.
Inference
A logical interpretation based on prior knowledge and experience.
Liberalsim
a political or social philosophy advocating the freedom of the individual, parliamentary systems of government, nonviolent modification of political, social, or economic institutions to assure unrestricted development in all spheres of human endeavor, and governmental guarantees of individual rights and civil liberties.
Marathas
A member of the princely and military castes of the former Hindu kingdom of Maharashtra in central India. The Marathas rebelled against the Moguls and in 1674 established their own kingdom. They came to dominate southern and central India but were later subdued by the British.
Maroons
Runaway slaves who gathered in mountainous, forested, or swampy areas and formed their own self-governing communities. raided plantations for supplies, had military skills from Africa.
Marxism
A branch of socialism that emphasizes exploitation and class struggle and includes both communism and other approaches.// the economic and political theories of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels that hold that human actions and institutions are economically determined and that class struggle is needed to create historical change and that capitalism will ultimately be replaced
Millenarianism
the belief that the end of the world is at hand and the kingdom of God is about to be established on earth// The doctrine of or belief in a future thousand-year age of blessedness, beginning with or culminating in the Second Coming of Christ. It is central to the teaching of groups such as Plymouth Brethren, Adventists, Mormons, and Jehovah's Witnesses.
Mitigated
make less severe, serious, or painful// to lessen in force or intensity, as wrath, grief, harshness, or pain; moderate.
Modernization theory
A theory asserting that as societies developed, they would take on a set of common characteristics, including democracy and capitalism// a model of economic and social development that explains global inequality in terms of technological and cultural differences between nations
Nationalism
A strong feeling of pride in and devotion to one's country// Nationalism is a political, social, and economic ideology and movement characterized by the promotion of the interests of a particular nation, especially with the aim of gaining and maintaining the nation's sovereignty over its homeland.
Nation-state
A state whose territory corresponds to that occupied by a particular ethnicity that has been transformed into a nationality
Radicals
a person who advocates thorough or complete political or social reform; a member of a political party or part of a party pursuing such aims.; revolutionary
Reformist
person interested in improving, correcting or ending a certain practice; one who supports or advances gradual reform rather than abolition or revolution.
Revelations
the divine or supernatural disclosure to humans of something relating to human existence or the world.; : an act of revealing or communicating divine truth.
Social Darwinism
The application of ideas about evolution and "survival of the fittest" to human societies - particularly as a justification for their imperialist expansion; //e theory that individuals, groups, and peoples are subject to the same Darwinian laws of natural selection as plants and animals.
Socialism
a political and economic theory of social organization which advocates that the means of production, distribution, and exchange should be owned or regulated by the community as a whole; leftism
State sponsored
something supported or developed by a government
Succeed
come next after, take the place of another
Suffrage
the right to vote in political elections.
Tax Farming
A government's use of private collectors to collect taxes. Individuals or corporations contract with the government to collect a fixed amount for the government and are permitted to keep as profit everything they collect over that amount.// a technique of financial management, namely the process of commuting, by its assignment by legal contract to a third party, a future uncertain revenue stream into fixed and certain periodic rents, in consideration for which commutation a discount in value received is suffered.
Utopia
an imagined place or state of things in which everything is perfect.
Utopian Socialism
an economic system based on the premise that if capital voluntarily surrendered its ownership of the means of production to the state or the workers, unemployment and poverty would be abolished.// An ideal society that is based on socialist ideals like Louis Blanc and Charles Fourier
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