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Genetics

Terms in this set (17)

Genetics
the study of heredity
Heredity
the passing of physical traits from parents to offspring
Trait
a different form of a characteristic, ex. Hair color, dimples
Fertilization
when an egg and sperm join
Gene
factors that control a trait
Allele
different forms of a gene (gene-hair color, allele-red, black, brown, blonde)
Dominant
always shows in an organism when present (
Recessive
hidden if a dominant allele is present
Homozygous
organism with two of the same alleles for a gene (WW,ww)
Heterozygous
an organism with two different alleles for a gene (Ww)
Codominance
when alleles are neither dominant nor recessive for a gene and both alleles show up equally in an organism (black fur x white fur= black and white spotted fur)
Incomplete dominance
when alleles are neither dominant nor recessive for a gene and alleles blind together to create a third and different allele (black fur x white fur= gray fur)
Genotype
genetic makeup or allele combination (WW,ww, Ww)
Phenotype
physical appearance or visible traits (widows peak)
Punnett Square
a chart used to cross alleles for a gene
Hybrid
organism with two different alleles for a gene (Ww)
Purebred
organism with two of the same alleles for a gene (WW,ww)
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