Chapter 14 WW2 test

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Dwight Eisenhower
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Terms in this set (42)
Dwight Eisenhower
United States general who supervised the invasion of Normandy and the defeat of Nazi Germany.
George S. Patton
General in the United States Army who helped lead the Allies to victory in the Battle of the Bulge.
Unconditional Surrender
giving up to an enemy without any demands or requests.
saturation bombing
tactic of dropping massive amounts of bombs in order to inflict maximum damage.
Strategic Bombing
tactic of dropping bombs on key political and industrial targets.
Tuskegee Airmen
332 Fighter Group famous for shooting down over 200 enemy planes. African American pilots who trained at the Tuskegee flying school.
Chester Nimitz
United States admiral of the Pacific fleet during World War II who used aircraft carriers to destroy the Japanese navy.
Battle of Midway
1942 World War II battle between the United States and Japan, a turning point in the war in the Pacific.
War Bond
bought to fund a war effort, redeemable for interest after a certain period of time.
Rationing
A limited portion or allowance of food or goods; limitation of use.
Office of War Information (OWI)government agency that encouraged support of the war effort during World War II.InternmentTemporary imprisonment of members of a specific group.442nd Regimental Combat TeamJapanese American combat team that became the most decorated military unit in American history.A. Philip RandolphBlack leader, who threatens a march to end discrimination in the work place; Roosevelt gives in with companies that get federal grants.Executive Order 8802WWII measure that assured fair hiring practices in any job funded by the government.Demographicsstatistical data relating to the population and particular groups within it.Bracero ProgramUnited States labor agents recruited thousands of farm and railroad workers from Mexico. The program stimulated emigration for Mexico.Omar BradleyAmerican general who led the ground forces at D Day.Battle of the Bulgethe last major German offensive campaign on the Western Front during World War II.Harry S. TrumanBecame president when FDR died; gave the order to drop the atomic bomb.Island HoppingA military strategy used during World War II that involved selectively attacking specific enemy-held islands and bypassing others.KamikazeJapanese suicide pilots who loaded their planes with explosives and crashed them into American ships.Albert EinsteinPhysicist born in Germany who formulated the special theory of relativity and the general theory of relativity.Manhattan ProjectCode name for the U.S. effort during World War II to produce the atomic bomb. Much of the early research was done in New York City by refugee physicists in the United States.J. Robert Oppenheimerlead the Manhattan Project: the World War II effort to develop the first nuclear bomb. He was remembered as the "Father of the Atomic Bomb."they are a united front and fight with a purposeWhat did the Axis armies want to communicate to the Allies during the invasion of France?allied had common goals. axis had different but both considered Germany most dangerousWhat are the goals of the Allied and Axis Powers?it ended Hitler's war path to dominate and he lost control of the Soviet Union.Why was the Battle of Saratoga a turning point in the war?for military supplies. no oil meant no winning the war.How did access to oil fields play an important role in the beginning of WW2?Japanese would have HawaiiWhat impact would a Japanese victory at Midway have on the war in the Pacific?rationed food, planted victory gardens, carpooling, war bonds etc..How did Americans on the home front contribute to the war effort?war increased debtWhat effect did spending during the war have on national debt?thought they were spies.Why were Japanese-Americans placed in internment camps?They lost rights as American citizens and lost their houses.What were the effects of interment on Japanese Americans?They were working jobs that men usually have.What was different about the women working during the war?It inspired women to have confidence and do harder jobs and be strong.How did images like Rosie the Riveter affect the morale of women?less was working in the auto industry and they lost their jobs.What happened to working women after the war?although 2 million African Americans were hired in defense industries, they still faced racial prejudices.How did Executive Order 8802 fall short in meeting A. Philip Randolph's demands?Farmers fought overseas, they moved to the city for jobs.Why did farmers experience labor shortages during the war?They landed 21 American divisions, 4400 allies ships sailed to the Normandy coast, 11000 planes were used.What did the allies do to make sure D-Day invasion would be a success?they were not prepared to fight a 2 front war.How did the D-Day invasion and the the allied invasion of France affect Germany's strategy during WW2?Germany's defeat and the end of the war came sooner than expected and at a lower cost.What was the military significance of the Battle of the Bulge?