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Filipinos- Asian American Textbook

Terms in this set (24)

Philippines is an archipelago
7,100 islands
Brain Drain
migration of the best-educated people from developing countries to developed nations where economic opportunities are greater
OFW
Overseas Foreign Workers
Remitances
When immigrants go to one country get money and send it back to their family in their emigrated country.
Colonizers of The Philippines
Spanish (1521-1898)
U.S. (1898-1941)
Japan (1941-1944)
U.S (1945-..)
Remintances vs. Sojourners
r: have more money and are able to send it to their families
s: have less money are forced to stay in the foreign country
1st Wave (1587/1763/1905)
"Luzones Indios" were first brought on Spanish galleons as slaves/sailors. The "Indios" were Filipinos brought from the PI to Acapulco, Mexico and California as part of the Manila Galleon Trade (1565-1815). Jumped ship to escape Spanish Masters and settled in Louisiana, Mexico, and California, called Manilamen.
The first known Filipino settlement was established in...
1763 in the bayous of Louisiana
2nd Wave (1906-1934)
In 1906, Hawaii recruited Filipinos to work on sugarcane ad pineapple plantations (Sakadas). West Coast states sought farmworkers, cannery workers and domestic help. These workers were mostly men, often called "Manongs"(older brother/term of respect). In Alaska "Alaskeros". Few had college degrees, many had low paying jobs due to discrimination in the workforce. The 2nd wave also consisted of upper-class Filipinos and Filipinas who were allowed to study in U.S schools and universities"Pensionados". Because of the Philippines' colonial relationship with the U.S. Filipinos were "Nationals (neither U.S. citizens nor illegal aliens)
3rd Wave (1945-1965)
In the 1940's many Filipinos in the Philippines and the U.S. joined the U.S. Navy and Army to fight the war against the Japanese in WW2. The Selective Service Act was altered so that Philippine Nationals could enter the U.S Military. Filipinos fought w/ American soldiers for freedom from Japanese Occupation (1942-1945). Most Filipinos were strewards (cooks), and storekeepers in the U.S. Navy. Many of these men brought over their wives "War Brides" to America after WW2 under the War Brides Act and Fiancees Act (1945 and 1946). Filipinos were finally had U.S. citizenship on July 4, 1946
4th Wave (1965-present)
In the 1965, the Immigration Act was passed and quotas were relaxed to 20,000 immigrants a year. This wave consisted mainly of Professionals (lawyers, doctors, nurses, engineers, businesspeople, and teachers) as well as the military
All 4 Waves of Filipino Immigrants all came to America for different reasons
1. Were forced to go on the galleons
2-4. Left for government sponsored studies, field work, military recruitment, and/or economic reasons
1-4. They are all culturally diverse. Some mixed cultural backgrounds include Chinese, Malay, Hispanic, Caucasian, African-American, etc. Filipinos today represent all aspects of the economic, social, educational, and professional spectrum
Were not granted citizenship but were classified as_____.
America Nationalist
Manila Men
Spanish speaking Filipinos.
In 1910->(406 Washington) 109 (Lousiana)
In 1920-> 5,603->45,208
Filipinos did NOT face racism from Whites but felt lower than_____.
Japanese Laborers
Isang Magadang Senora, Libot ng espada
"There is a Beautiful Lady Surrounding with Swords meaning-"They found the land encircled by sharp blades of white hostility and their lives by a new "necessity"
Were NOT considered American even though...
They eat, dress, and , look American
25% of Filipinos in 1930 jobs included...
-Service Workers
-Janitors
-Valets
-Kitchen Helpers
-Pantrymen
-Dishwashers
-Chamberboys
-Busboys
-Bellboys
They had to be submissive to whites because...
Filipinos were wonderful servants
9% of Filipinos worked in Alaska (Alaskeros) they worked in..
Salmon Fisheries: They cleaned salmon, packed them in boxes and worked 6 days a week from 6AM-6PM
Filipinos borrowed money from ____ so they can go to _____ and work.
contractors; Alaska
How many Filipino worked in Agriculture?
27,000 or 60% worked in Agriculture
Remitents
Make money then bring it back to their home country
They helped fill the need for labor created by the exclusion of _____, _____, ______, and _______.
Chinese, Japanese, Koreans, Indians
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