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AIS Chapter 2

Terms in this set (39)

Peripheral Equipment
keyboards, printers, hard disks: stuff that typically surround a computer and help it process
Input-processing-outputting cycle
refers to the three phases of computer processing. most accounting transactions are processed in this three phrase cycle
Source document
the starting point for collecting accounting data. they are human readable, completed by user and provide evidence of transactions authencity
Data transcription
the process of transcribing source data into a machine readable media
Bar code readers
a device that interprets the familiar bar code stripes printed on merchandise packages shipping labels and similar documents and inputs the data into a computer
Magnetic Ink Character recognition
the technology used primarily by banks to encode magnetically readable symbols at the bottom of checks or similar financial documents. because the magnetic flux of the ink used in these symbols loses strength over time MICR is not widely used elsewhere
Optical Character Recognition
uses optical rather than magnetic readers to interpret the data found on source documents
Mark Sense Media
Uses simple rectangles or ovals as "characters" that you blacken with a pencil
Turnaround documents
documents that are initially prepared by a company then sent to individuals and finally returned to the organization for further data processing
Biometric scanners
authenticates users based on who they are. behavioral systems recognize signatures voices or keystroke dynamics. physiological systems recognize fingerprints, irises,retinas, face and even ears. most of these devices connect directly to computer USB ports or are integrated in computer keyboards mice or Web cams.
Central Processing Unit
the component of the computer that performs that processing tasks of the system. the processor part of CPU is typically a single silicon chip that can manipulate data- for example perform mathematical functions such as addition as well as logic operations such as comparing text or number values
Legacy System
a business's older customized computer system that typically runs on a mainframe computer that is often to large and expensive to replace.
Primary Memory
the purpose is to store data and program instructions temporarily for immediate processing and execution.
Microprocessor
the portion of CPU that performs the arithmetic and logic tasks of the computer and that also interpret and executes computer instructions
I/O Bound
a computer whose input speeds or output speeds are slower than its computational speed
Volatile Memory
memory that loses its content when electrical power is lost
Secondary storage
computer equipment that stores data permanently
Computer Recod
a collection of information about one file entity
Electronic document and record management systems (EDRMs)
enable businesses to systematically capture and store manual documents electronically. helps companies mange the workflow of electronic documents during development, provide collaborative tools that enable several users to work on the same document and create and store multiple versions of the document
Data Communications
refers to transmitting data to and from different locations
Modem
a device for converting the digital data that a computer uses into sound pitches that can be transmitted over phone lines
Integrated Services Digital Network
an international data communications standard that transmits data, voice message, or images at a standard rate of 128K bps over the internet
Digital subscriber Line
supports data communication rates up to 9 megabits per second
Data communications protocol
refers to the setting that create a communications standard for a specific data communications application
Local area networks
A collection of microcomputers, printers, file servers and similar electronic components that are physically located near another
Wide area networks
computer networks spanning regional national or even global areas
Client Serving Computing
an alternative technology to mainframe and or hierarchical networks
Enterprise network
typically a wide area network spanning an entire organization
Radio frequency ID
enables businesses to identify pallets and even individual items without unpacking them from shipping crates.
Near Field communication (NFC)
enables mobiles devices to communicate with each other using NFC chips
Operating system
a set of software programs that helps a computer file server or network run itself and also the application programs designed for it
Graphical User Interfaces
One or more visual computer screens that enable end user to communicate with a computer typically by selecting item from menus or clicking on choices using a computer mouse
Utility programs
computer programs that are typically included with the computer operating system but which perform specific end user tasks.
Application software
computer programs that help end users perform the tasks specific to their jobs or relevant personal needs.
Personal Productivity software
software that typically runs on microcomputers and that helps individuals perform their jobs faster and more accurately
Enterprise Resource management Software
enables businesses and government agencies to transmit and manipulate financial data on a organization wide basis
Object oriented programming
computer programming language that have strict rules that govern the properties attributes and operations of language objects
Event driven programming language
a computer program language such as visual basic that enables a computer to respond to specific events
Compiler
translates procedural language programs written into machine language programs that computers can execute immediately when end users buy application software packages they buy complied computer programs in machine language that are read to execute on their specific computers
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