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Part 2 (Islam)

Terms in this set (13)

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Arabian Peninsula- sparsely populated with Bedouin tribes
Muhammad facts
-born near Mecca: raised by his uncle
-married a wealthy, older widow, Khadeejah, had 6 children
-lost all children except 1 = daughter, Fatima(pray for peace)*
-withdrew from world to pursue a life of mystical prayer
-about 612, in a cave, had visions of the archangel, Gabriel
-was called to be the herald of allah, the Jewish God
-wrote exactly what he was told by Gabriel, results in the Koran
-Koran has 114 chapters of saying he recorded
-Muhammad struggled spiritually
-wondered if his visions were delusions
-encouraged by his wife and cousin
-Koran was written in Arabic- converts are encouraged to learn the language to better understand its meaning
Islam traces its self to
Abraham, Hagar, and their son Ishmael
How Islam viewed and tolerated Christianity
-the Jewish prophets, Jesus and Mary are respected in Islam
-but Islam contends the Jews and Christians misunderstood the intention of God
-Gods revelations culminated in Muhammad's visions recorded in the Koran
-Muhammad was God's last prophet to bring the perfect religion to the world
-Jews and Christians had to pay to pray a jizya or tax to practice their own religion
-many who lived in a Muslim state converted to Islam
-Jews and Christians were tolerated at first
Kaaba
-Kaaba (square building) meaning was transformed to a focus for pilgrimage
Five Pillars of Islam
The Shahada= there is no god but Allah, and Muhammad is his prophet
Prayer= five times a day- facing Mecca - Holy day is Friday when Muslims go to mosque
Haji = pilgrimage to Mecca once in a lifetime- if $ means exist- three laps on foot around the Kaaba = Muhammad flight from Mecca to Medina- unity with all Muslims
Ramadan = holy month (9th of Islamic calendar)- strict fast from sun up to sun down from eating, drinking, smoking, and sexual relations
Zacah = Alms to the poor as a special tax in addition to charitable giving for purification
What's idolatry
-idolatry is forbidden-> including art depicting Allah or the Prophet
Jihad
-muslim holy war waged on the name of religion against "infidels
How did Islam spread
Spread by the sword, Islam spread throughout the Middle East, North Africa and to Spain for the next 100 years
Why is a Jerusalem holy
Dome of the Rock Mosque- commemorates "Night Journey" of Muhammad (vision
Pope St. John Paul II quote
-" nevertheless the religiosity of Muslims deserves respect
2 split cities
Sunnis and Shiites
Sunnis are
85% of Muslim majority besides Iraq
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