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Pharm Test 2 FIU

Terms in this set (224)

URAT-1
Urate Reabsorption - From Kidney Proximal Tubule to the Blood
It is an OAT
PSOASS - Probenicid Sensitive Organic Anion Secretory System
Secretion of Urate - From Blood to the Kidney Proximal Tubule
Uricosuric Agent
Working to increase the level of Uric Acid excreted via the Urine
Probenecid
Uricosuric Agent - Competitive Inhibitor of URAT-1 blocking the reabsorption of Uric Acid. More probenecid = greater effect due to being competitive. Orally consumed pill absorbed in GI.
Probenecid Other Labelled Indication
Adjuvant with Penicillin - competition for secretory transporters allows Antibiotic to stay in the blood stream longer.
Probenecid S.E.
GI Irritation, Hypersensitivity Rxn
Probenecid Contraindications
Uric Acid Kidney Stones - increasing the Uric Acid conc. in the kidney tubule in people with uric acid kidney stones can cause increased crystallization
Gout and Diuretics
Loop and Thiazide Diuretics compete with Uric Acid for secretion and would increase Uric Acid retention -> Hyperuricemia
Aspirin and Gout
@ Low Dose - Competes with Uric Acid for secretion leading to Hyperuricemia
@ High Dose - competes with Uric Acid for secretion and reabsorption leading to Uric Acid removal (but we no likey the high dose aspirin)
Uric Acid Synthesis Inhibitors
Are Xanthine Oxidase inhibitors that block the two rxns catalyzed by this enzyme
Hypoxanthine -> Xanthine -> Uric Acid
Xanthine and Hypoxanthine are highly soluble so we don't mind higher conc.
Allopurinol
Purine analog Uric Acid Synthesis Inhibitor, may inhibit other enzymes in the purine synth./metabolism pathways
S.E. - hypersensitivity rxn
Tumor Lysis Syndrome
This is an oncological emergency where cancer cells become destroyed, but in the process, large amounts of potassium and uric acid are released from those destroyed cells. This can cause acute renal failure, and cardiac dysrhythmias. Can use Allopurinol to treat
Febuxostat
Non-purine analog Uric Acid Synthesis Inhibitor, specific for Xanthine Oxidase
Contraindications of Inhibiting Xanthine Oxidase
6-Mercaptopurine (Cancer drug) and Azathioprine (immunosuppressant?) require xanthine oxidase to be metabolized. Inhibition of X.O. may cause increased conc. of these drugs to toxic levels
Uricases
Urate Oxidase drugs - an enzyme in non-primates that converts Uric Acid to Allantoin which has a higher urinary excretion than U.A.
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