ANS

What part of the vertebrate nervous system innervates smooth and cardiac muscle and glandular tissues and governs involuntary, vital functions? (HW-page 546)
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What part of the vertebrate nervous system innervates smooth and cardiac muscle and glandular tissues and governs involuntary, vital functions? (HW-page 546)
The autonomic nervous system
By this definition the ANS is purely motor. It is regulated in large part by somatic and visceral sensory input but these sensory inputs are not conducted by the ANS.
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The CNS and PNS are anatomical divisions of the nervous system.
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The somatic and autonomic divisions (SNS & ANS) are functional divisions of the nervous system with components in both the CNS and PNS.
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We are consciously aware of the input and output of the somatic nervous system.
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For the most part, we are unaware of the actions of the autonomic nervous system.
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If we follow a nerve impulse from the CNS to an effector within the SNS, how many motor neurons would be involved? (HW-page 546)
1
If we follow a nerve impulse from the CNS to an effector within the ANS, how many motor neurons would be involved? (HW-page 547)
2
A motor neuron within the ANS that lies between the CNS and a ganglion is what type of neuron? (HW-page 547)
Preganglionic neuron
A motor neuron within the ANS that lies between a ganglion and an effector is what type of neuron? (HW-page 547)
Ganglionic neuron
What is the axon of a ganglionic neuron within the ANS? (HW-page 547)Postganglionic axonWhat are the two divisions of the ANS? (HW-page 548)Parasympathetic SympatheticWhat division of the ANS is primarily concerned with conserving energy and replenishing nutrient stores and has been nicknamed the "rest-and-digest" division? (HW-page 548)ParasympatheticWhat division of the ANS is primarily concerned with preparing the body for emergencies and is often referred to as the "fight-or-flight" division? (HW-page 548)SympatheticWhat is another term for the parasympathetic division? (HW-page 551)Craniosacral divisionWhere are the cell bodies of the preganglionic neurons for the parasympathetic division located? (HW-page 551)Brainstem Gray regions of S2-S4 spinal cord segmentsWhere are the ganglia of the parasympathetic division found? (HW-page 551)Next to or within the organs they innervateWhat cranial nerves carry parasympathetic fibers? (HW-page 551)Oculomotor (CN III) Facial (CN VII) Glossopharyngeal (CN IX) Vagus (CN X)The parasympathetic division innervates what structures through the oculomotor nerve? (HW-page 551)Ciliary muscle Pupillary constrictor muscle of the irisThe parasympathetic division innervates what structures through the facial nerve? (HW-page 551)Lacrimal gland Nasal mucosa Submandibular and sublingual salivary glandsThe parasympathetic division innervates what structures through the glossopharyngeal nerve? (HW-page 551)Parotid salivary glandThe parasympathetic division innervates what structures through the vagus nerve? (HW-page 551)Airways Heart Abdominal visceraWhat specific regions of the spinal cord house the cell bodies of the parasympathetic division of the ANS? (HW-page 551)Lateral gray regions of the S2-S4 spinal cord segmentsWhat nerves carry fibers of the parasympathetic division of the ANS through the pelvis? (HW-page 551)Pelvic splanchnic nervesWhat does "splanchnic" mean?VisceralYou miss lunch and only have time for a bag of chips. What division of the ANS brings about an increase in the production of saliva as you eat? (HW-page 553)ParasympatheticYou walk from a relatively dim building into the brightness of a sunny winter's day. Your pupils constrict. What division of the ANS brings about this constriction? (HW-page 553)ParasympatheticA test in the Testing Center takes longer than you anticipated. Now you're late for your next class. You jog. You arrive and settle into your seat. The airways in your lungs constrict was you catch your breath. What division of the ANS brings about this constriction? (HW-page 553)ParasympatheticA bit of dirt gets blown into your eye. Tears flow. What division of the ANS brings about the flow? (HW-page 553)ParasympatheticWhat is another term for the sympathetic division of the ANS? (HW-page 553)Thoracolumbar divisionFrom what regions of the CNS does the sympathetic division arise? (HW-page 553)The lateral horns of the T1-L2 regions of the spinal cordWhat part of spinal nerves do the preganglionic sympathetic axons travel within as they leave the lateral horn of the spinal cord? (HW-page 553)Anterior rootWhat sympathetic ganglia lie on the left and right sides of the vertebral column from T1-L2? (HW-page 553)Sympathetic trunk (paravertebral or chain) gangliaWhat structure the sympathetic division of the ANS has the appearance of a pearl necklace? (HW-page 553)Sympathetic trunk (paravertebral or chain) gangliaWhat clusters of ganglia of the sympathetic division of the ANS lie within the neck? (HW-page 553)Cervical gangliaWhat are the connections between the spinal nerves and the sympathetic trunks? (HW-page 553)Rami communicates (communicating rami)What structures carry preganglionic sympathetic axons from the T1-L2 spinal nerves to the sympathetic trunk? (HW-page 553)White rami communicantes (white rami)What structures carry postganglionic sympathetic axons from the sympathetic trunk to the spinal nerves? (HW-page 553)Gray rami communicates (gray rami)What structures are composed of preganglionic axons that do not synapse in a sympathetic trunk ganglion? (HW-page 553)Splanchnic nervesSplanchnic nerves of the sympathetic division of the ANS terminate in what structures? (HW-page 555)Prevertebral (collateral) gangliaWhat structures are singular rather than paired, are anterior to the vertebral column, and are located only in the abdominal cavity? (HW-page 555)Prevertebral gangliaList the three prevertebral ganglia. (HW-page 555)Celiac ganglion Superior mesenteric ganglion Inferior mesenteric ganglionWhat pathway is a postganglionic axon within if it travels through a gray ramus that is at the same level as the ganglionic neuron to innervate blood vessels or arrector pili muscles or sweat glands? (HW-page 556)Spinal nerve pathwayWhat pathway is a postganglionic axon within if the preganglionic neuron synapses with a ganglionic neuron in a sympathetic trunk ganglion, but the postganglionic axon does not leave the trunk via a gray ramus, but instead the postganglionic axon extends away from the sympathetic trunk ganglion and goes directly to the effector organ? (HW-page 556)Postganglionic sympathetic nerve pathwayWhat pathway is postganglionic axon within if it passes through the sympathetic trunk ganglia without synapsing and extends to the prevertebral ganglia? (HW-page 556)Splanchnic nerve pathwayThe pupil dilates when a person walks into a relatively dark building from a bright, snowy winter's day. What division of the ANS brings about this dilation? (HW-page 556)Sympathetic divisionA test in the Testing Center takes longer than you anticipated. You're late for your next class. You jog. As you do the airways in your lungs dilate. What division of the ANS brings about this dilation? (HW-page 556)Sympathetic divisionAfter class you go for a game of racquetball and work up a sweat. What division of the ANS causes the formation of sweat? (HW-page 556)SympatheticIf you are driving a Sanpete County road on winter's day and a deer suddenly takes a suicidal leap in front of your car, what is the general response of your ANS? (HW-page 556)Fight-or-flightUsually both divisions of the ANS innervate organs. Where does this dual innervation not occur?In the skin and skeletal muscles There is only sympathetic innervation here.What are collections of sympathetic postganlionic axons and parasympathetic preganglionic axons, as well as some visceral sensory axons? (HW-page 558)Autonomic plexusesList the five autonomic plexuses. (HW-page 558)Cardiac plexus Pulmonary plexus Esophageal plexus Abdominal aortic plexus Hypogastric plexusWhat part of the CNS has the greatest control over the ANS? (HW-page 562)HypothalamusWhat part of the CNS holds nuclei which have a great deal of influence over autonomic function? (HW-page 562)BrainstemWhat division of the ANS may process and control certain functions at the level of the spinal cord without involvement of the brain? (HW-page 562)ParasympatheticWhat cranial nerve carries nearly 80% of the parasympathetic output?VagusWhat pathway is an sympathetic axon within if it goes to the adrenal medulla?adrenal medulla pathway