5.3: Classification and Biodiversity

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Outline the role of botanical and zoological congresses in the naming of plants and animals.

Understanding: The binomial system of names for species is universal among biologists and has been agreed and developed at a series of congresses.

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A "congress" is a regularly occurring meeting of taxonomists attended by delegates from all over the world. At these meeting, the biologist modify the rules for naming and classifying species and approve the names of any new species that have been discovered.

Image: *Outline the role of botanical and zoological congresses in the naming of plants and animals.*

Understanding: The binomial system of names for species is universal among biologists and has been agreed and developed at a series of congresses.

Define "binomial nomenclature."

Understanding: The binomial system of names for species is universal among biologists and has been agreed and developed at a series of congresses.

Species are named with two name (binomial). The first name is for the genus and the second name is for the species. Together the two names make a unique combination that designate a species.

Image: *Define "binomial nomenclature."*

Understanding: The binomial system of names for species is universal among biologists and has been agreed and developed at a series of congresses.

Outline the benefits of using a system of binomial nomenclature.

Understanding: The binomial system of names for species is universal among biologists and has been agreed and developed at a series of congresses.

The binomial system has been a successful system because it is functional, has been the only system that is recognized worldwide, and has been used over the last 250+ years of naming species. Having an internationally recognized system of naming species facilitates communication between people with a different language.

Image: *Outline the benefits of using a system of binomial nomenclature.*

Understanding: The binomial system of names for species is universal among biologists and has been agreed and developed at a series of congresses.

State rules of binomial nomenclature formatting.

Understanding: When species are discovered they are given scientific names using the binomial system.

Scientific names are Latin or latinized names that are standardized by a series of rules that are applicable worldwide.

1. The Genus name is capitalized.
2. The species names is lower case.
3. The binomial is shown underlined if printed or italicized if typed.

Image: *State rules of binomial nomenclature formatting.*

Understanding: When species are discovered they are given scientific names using the binomial system.

Define "taxa".

Understanding: Taxonomists classify species using a hierarchy of taxa.

Taxon, plural taxa, is a grouping unit used in biological classification. There are multiple common grouping units of taxa. For example, a "species" is a taxon (group) of all the organisms that can (actually or potentially) interbreed with each other to produce fertile offspring and cannot breed with others.