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Domain 1 questions from Inman

Terms in this set (355)

When you check overrun, you are checking
a. excess stock in the storeroom
b. surplus soap and rinse aids used in the dishmachine
c. the weight of ice cream
d. Total costs of unexpected meals served
C - the weight of the ice cream
What is the process by which the water content of a vegetable is replaced by a concentrated salt solution?
a. gelling
b. osmosis
c. diffusion
d. retro-gradation
C - diffusion
Which recipe ingredient should be adjusted if a cake has a crunchy crust and compact moist texture?
a. milk
b. flour
c. sugar
d. baking powder
C - Sugar
Why do egg whites beat more easily at room temperature?
a. the pH is increased
b. the protein is denatured
c. the surface tension is lower
d. the surface tension is higher
C - the surface tension is lower
Which pigment does not change color in an acid or an alkaline solution?
a. anthocyanin
b. chlorophyll
c. carotenoid
d. flavones
C - Carotenoid
The end products of cellular oxidation are:
a. water, carbon dioxide, energy
b. carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen
c. indigestible fiber, nitrogen
d. monosaccharides, amino acids, energy
A - water, carbon dioxide, energy
Carbohydrates listed in order of decreasing sweetness are:
a. fructose, glucose, sucrose, sorbitol
b. sucrose, glucose, fructose, sorbitol
c. Fructose, sucrose, glucose, sorbitol
d. Sorbitol, fructose, sucrose, glucose
C - Fructose, sucrose, glucose, sorbitol
The flakiness of pie crust depends on:
a. type of fat
b. oxidation of fat
c. temperature of the fat
d. oven temperature
A - type of fat
If the sole source of protein is gelatin, growth is inhibited because:
a. gelatin has no tryptophan and is low in methionine and lysine
b. gelatin has no methionine and is low in tryptophan
c. gelatin has no lysine or methionine, and is low in tryptophan
d. gelatin has no arginine
A - gelatin has no tryptophan and is low in methionine and lysine
A #10 can holds how many cups of product?
a. 10
b. 13
c. 12
d. 5
B - 13
If you replace half and half with whipping cream in ice cream, the effects on the ice crystals will be:
a. an increase in size because there is less fat
b. a decrease in size because there is more fat
c. no change
d. an increase in size because there is more fat
B - a decrease in size because there is more fat
Fat produces more calories than carbohydrate because:
a. fat has more carbon and hydrogen in relation to oxygen
b. fat has less carbon and hydrogen in relation to oxygen
c. fat is a larger molecule
d. fat is a smaller molecule
A - fat has more carbon and hydrogen in relation to oxygen
Research has show that neural tube defects can be reduced with proper supplementation of:
a. iron
b. folic acid
c. glutamine
d. arginine
B - folic acid
The best laboratory value to use in assessing iron status is:
a. hemoglobin
b. hematocrit
c. ferritin
d. serum iron
C - Ferritin
Which is the best flour to use when making cakes?
a. graham flour
b. all-purpose flour
c. whole wheat flour
d. durum wheat flour
B - all-purpose flour
Where is lactose absorbed
a. small intestine
b. stomach
c. pancreas
d. liver
A - small intestine
Considering the following smoke points of various fats, which would be the best to use for frying?
a. 300F
b. 323F
c. 375F
d. 400F
D - 400F
Which minerals are involved in carbohydrate metabolism
a. cobalt, zinc
b. chromium, zinc
c. copper, chromium
d. iron, zinc
B - chromium, zinc
Acidic chyme becomes neutralized in the duodenum by:
a. mixing with bicarbonate and fluids
b. mixing with alkaline intestinal enzymes
c. mixing with sodium and potassium
d. mixing with bile
A - mixing with bicarbonate and fluids
The colon functions in the absorption of:
a. amino acids, fatty acids
b. unsaturated fatty acids, electrolytes
c. water, salts, vitamin K, thiamine, riboflavin
d. glucose and fatty acids
C - water, salts, vitamin K, thiamine, riboflavin
To prevent frozen gravy from separating when thawed
a. reheat slowly and stir constantly
b. thaw it before heating and stir constantly
c. prepare it with modified starch
d. cook it longer before freezing to stabilize the gravy
C - prepare it with modified starch
How much fluid is lost through insensible losses?
a. 0.5 liters
b. 1 liter
c. 2 liters
d. 3-4 liters
B - 1 liter
An amino acid that cannot be produced by the body is:
a. alanine
b. glycine
c. tyrosine
d. tryptophan
D - tryptophan
The following is an irreversible reaction:
a. pyruvic acid into lactic acicd
b. pyruvic acid into acetyl coA
c. glucose-6-phosphate into glycogen
d. glucose-6-phosphate into pyruvate
B - pyruvic acid into acetyl coA
Riboflavin, thiamine, niacin are all involved in the:
a. metabolism of carbohydrate
b. metabolism of fat
c. metabolism of protein
d. production of amino acids
A - metabolism of carbohydrate
An increased plasma pyruvate level is an indication of:
a. iron deficiency
b. riboflavin deficiency
c. excess carbohydrate ingestion
d. thiamine deficiency
D - thiamine deficiency
Which of the following stabilizes an egg white foam?
a. an acid
b. water
c. flour
d. salt
A - an acid
Winterized oil is:
a. cloudy when refrigerated
b. clear when refrigerated
c. cloudy when stored for long periods of time
d. clear only if kept at room temperature
B - clear when refrigerated
What may cause EKG abnormalities?
a. high serum potassium level
b. low serum potassium level
c. low serum sodium level
d. high serum sodium level
A - high serum potassium level
In the fed state, the brain uses which nutrient as a source of energy?
a. fatty acid
b. lactic acid
c. glucose
d. ketone bodies
C - glucose
In starvation, the brain uses which nutrient as an energy source?
a. fatty acid
b. lactic acid
c. glucose
d. ketone bodies
D - ketone bodies
Gluconeogenesis is the:
a. catabolism of carbohydrate
b. creation of glucose from glycerol and amino acids
c. breakdown of glycogen releasing glucose
d. creation of glycogen
B - creation of glucose from glycerol and amino acids
Glycolysis is the:
a. catabolism of carbohydrate
b. creation of glucose from glycerol and amino acids
c. breakdown of glycogen releasing glucose
d. creation of glycogen
A - catabolism of carbohydrate
Glycogenolysis is the:
a. catabolism of carbohydrate
b. creation of glucose from glycerol and amino acids
c. breakdown of glycogen releasing glucose
d. creation of glycogen
C - breakdown of glycogen releasing glucose
end product of aerobic glycolysis is:
a. acetyl - CoA
b. Pyruvic acid
c. Lactic acid
d. Glycogen
B - Pyruvic acid
Protein-bound iodine (PBI) measures:
a. nutritional status
b. toxic levels of iodine
c. deficiency of epinephrine
d. level of thyroxine being produced
D - level of thyroxine being produced
The hormone epinephrine:
a. lowers blood glucose during catabolic stress
b. raises blood glucose during catabolic stress
c. is secreted from the pituitary gland
d. dtimulates glycogen production
B - raises blood glucose during catabolic stress
A provitamin is:
a. a nutrient that can be converted into a vitamin
b. a vitamin that can be converted into a nutrient
c. the endogenous form of a vitamin
d. the man-made copy of a vitamin
A - a nutrient that can be converted into a vitamin
The formula for producing the active form of vitamin D is:
a. vitamin D3 converting into 7-dehydrocholesterol
b. ergosterol converting into calciferol
c. cholesterol converting into calciferol
d. 7-dehydrocholesterol converting into cholecalciferol
D - 7-dehydrocholesterol converting into cholecalciferol
In the human, vitamin K is affected by:
a. anticoagulants and antibiotics
b. iodine
c. water-soluble vitamins
d. gluten
A - anticoagulants and antibiotics
Which hormone regulates calcium levels:
a. insulin
b. thyroid
c. parathyroid
d. aldosterone
C - parathyroid
Pyridoxine acts as a coenzyme in:
a. iron transfer
b. deamination and transamination
c. fat transfer through the lymphatic system
d. osmotic pressure of body fluids
B - deamination and transamination
Which of the following are synthesized by intestinal bacteria?
a. biotin, pantothenic acid, vitamin K
b. vitamin E, vitamin K, biotin
c. Pyridoxine, vitamin E
d. ascorbic acid, pyridoxine, vitamin K
A - biotin, pantothenic acid, vitamin K
ascorbic acid aids in healing, which of the following applies?
a. collagen --> hydroxyproline
b. Proline --> hydroxyproline --> collagen
c. hydroxyproline --> proline --> collagen
d. hydroxyproline --> proline
B - Proline --> hydroxyproline --> collagen
Biotin is considered a coenzyme in the synthesis of:
a. protein
b. carbohydrate
c. glycogen
d. fatty acids
D - fatty acids
Food iron is in the ____ form
a. ferric
b. ferritin
c. transferrin
d. ferrous
A - ferric
Food iron is reduced in the stomach to the more absorbable form of:
a. ferric
b. ferritin
c. transferrin
d. ferrous
B - ferritin
Which would aid the absorption of an iron supplement?
a. cows milk, eggs
b. orange juice, hamburger
c. milk, eggs, cheese
d. dates, eggs
B - orange juice, hamburger
Bile is produced in the ____ and stored in the ______.
a. liver; gallbladder
b. gallbladder; liver
c. liver; liver
d. gallbladder; gallbladder
A - liver; gallbladder
Cholecystokinin causes:
a. contraction of the gallbladder
b. peristalisis
c. secretion of pancreatic juice
d. contraction of the liver
A - contraction of the gallbladder
Which enzymes are involved in protein digestion?
a. ptyalin, lipase, sucrase
b. amylase, lipase, trypsin
c. pepsin, trypsin, chymotrypsin, carboxypeptidase
d. trypsin, lipase, amylase
C - pepsin, trypsin, chymotrypsin, carboxypeptidase
Protein digestion begins in the:
a. mouth
b. stomach
c. small intestine
d. ileum
B - stomach
Lactase is produced in the:
a. stomach
b. small intestine
c. gallbladder
d. pancrease
B - small intestine
Which enzymes are secreted by the pancreas?
a. Amylase, lipase, cholesterol esterase, trypsin, chymotrypsin
b. sucrose, maltase, lactase, aminopeptidase
c. ptyalin
d. aminopeptidase, dipeptidase
A - Amylase, lipase, cholesterol esterase, trypsin, chymotrypsin
Which conversion requires glucose-6-phosphatase?
a. glucose into liver glycogen
b. glucose into pyruvic acid
c. pyruvic acid into lactic acid
d. Liver glycogen into glucose
D - Liver glycogen into glucose
NADPH is:
a. essential in the synthesis of fatty acids
b. essential in the synthesis of glycogen
c. involved in the catabolism of protein
d. essential in transamination
A - essential in the synthesis of fatty acids
The following are required for the conversion of pyrivic acid into active acetate:
a. thiamine, NAD, oxaloacetic acid, magnesium
b. oxygen, pantothenic acid, vitamin E
c. Thiamine, niacin, riboflavin, pantothenic acid, magnesium
d. pantothenic acid, oxaloacetate, citric acid
C - Thiamine, niacin, riboflavin, pantothenic acid, magnesium
Which vitamin acts as a coenzyme in transamination?
a. pyridoxine
b. thiamine
c. riboflavin
d. vitamin B12
A - pyridoxine
Glucocorticoids are:
a. thyroid hormones
b. pituitary hormones
c. adrenal hormones
d. parathyroid hormones
C - adrenal hormones
Glucocorticoids:
a. convert glucose into protein
b. convert fatty acids into glucose
c. convert glucose into fat
d. convert protein into glucose
D - convert protein into glucose
Dietary fat enters the blood as ____ and leaves the liver as ______.
a. phospholipids; chylomicrons
b. chylomicrons; phospholipids
c. chylomicrons; lipoproteins
d. lipoproteins; chylomicrons
C - chylomicrons; lipoproteins
The oxidation of fatty acids forms:
a. acetyl CoA
b. pyruvic acid
c. lactic acid
d. oxaloacetate
A - acetyl CoA
The best way to monitor an infants failure to thrive is to plot:
a. weight for length
b. length for age
c. weight
d. weight for age
A - weight for length
Which of the following can be reversed with vitamin A?
a. xerophthalmia
b. nyctalopia
c. Wilson's disease
d. homocysteinuria
B - nyctalopia
Fresh meat contamination comes mainly from:
a. botulism
b. staphylococcus
c. clostridium
d. salmonella
D - salmonella
Which amino acids must be present in a parenteral solution?
a. valine, leucine, glycine, alanine
b. tryptophan, phenylalanine, threonine, isoleucine
c. phenylalanine, methionine, arginine, tyrosine
d. lysine, glutamic acid, alanine, glycine
B - tryptophan, phenylalanine, threonine, isoleucine
Iron absorption is enhanced by:
a. acidic chyme in the duodenum
b. the alkalinity of the duodenum
c. oxalates and phytates
d. the absence of ascorbic acid
A - acidic chyme in the duodenum
Which of the following inhibits gluconeogenesis?
a. glycogen
b. insulin
c. catecholamines
d. glucocorticoids
B - insulin
Which has the lowest cholesterol content?
a. peanut butter and crackers
b. yogurt with fruit
c. chocolate cake
d. roast beef sandwich
A - peanut butter and crackers
What is the difference between cake flour and bread flour?
a. cake flour has less gluten, weaker gluten, less protein
b. bread flour has less gluten, weaker gluten, less protein
c. cake flour has weaker gluten, but has more protein
d. bread flour has stronger gluten and less protein
A - cake flour has less gluten, weaker gluten, less protein
Vitamin A is involved in:
a. growth and development
b. blood clotting
c. growth of bones and teeth
d. development of tissue and skin
D - development of tissue and skin
A patient with metabolic alkalosis would have:
a. excess excretion of base through the kidneys
b. retention of base by the lungs
c. excretion of base by the lungs
d. retention of base by the kidney
D - retention of base by the kidney
Which foods should be washed just before serving?
a. plums and grapes
b. peaches and carrots
c. strawberries and mushrooms
d. apples and celery
C - strawberries and mushrooms
Which government agency inspects and grades meat?
a. FDA
b. DHHS
c. USDA
d. department of commerce
C - USDA
If linoleic acid replaces carbohydrates in the diet:
a. LDL decreases, HDL increases
b. LDL and HDL decrease
c. LDL and HDL increase
d. LDL increases, HDL decreases
A - LDL decreases, HDL increases
Which is not absorbed directly into the portal blood?
a. monosaccharides
b. amino acids
c. medium chained fatty acids
d. long chained fatty acids
D - long chained fatty acids
When substituting buttermilk for whole milk in pastry:
a. decrease the liquid
b. increase the baking soda
c. increase the amount of butter
d. increase the liquid
B - increase the baking soda
Ground meat will spoil faster than sliced meat because:
a. it has more enzyme activity
b. it has more fat
c. more surface area is exposed
d. it has less fat
C - more surface area is exposed
Evaporated milk has:
a. slightly more than half of the water removed
b. added sugar
c. a fat content of 3-6%
d. lactose removed
A - slightly more than half of the water removed
Ketones are most associated with:
a. complex carbohydrates
b. simple sugars
c. fats
d. amino acids
C - fat
Which best describes sorbitol and glucose?
a. sorbitol is sweeter than glucose
b. they each provide 7 calories per gram
c. sorbitol is absorbed more slowly
d. they both convert into fructose
C - sorbitol is absorbed more slowly
What causes egg yolk color to change?
a. alteration of the feed provided
b. storage length
c. shell color
d. storage conditions
A - alteration of the feed provided
Which data is needed to convert weight into volume?
a. mass
b. temperature
c. specific gravity
d. pH
C - specific gravity
The tartness in fruits and vegetables is due to:
a. flavones
b. chlorophyll
c. anthoxanthins
d. tannins
D - tannins
When a white sauce tastes starchy and grainy, the likely cause is:
a. too much starch
b. improper proportions of ingredients
c. starch was added before the fat melted
d. uncooked flour
D -uncooked flour
The scientific process by which water makes lettuce crisp is:
a. osmotic pressure of water-filled vacuoles
b. diffusion
c. transamination
d. water acitve diffusion
A - osmotic pressure of water-filled vacuoles
When analyzing correlations, when r=1:
a. there is a perfect correlation from one to the other
b. there is no correlation among data presented
c. the data presented move in opposite directions
d. there is a weak correlation among data presented
A - there is a perfect correlation from one to the other
Which hormone greatly influences the BMR?
a. the endocrine hormone
b. thyroxine
c. the growth hormone
d. insulin
B - thyroxine
If linoleic acid replaces saturated fat in the diet:
a. total cholesterol including HDL decrease
b. HDL increases
c. LDL increases
d. no change in lipid levels
A - total cholesterol including HDL decrease
Which oil is highest in monounsaturated fatty acids?
a. olive
b. canola
c. peanut
d. sunflower
A - olive
Which oil is highest in saturated fat?
a. coconut
b. palm
c. cocoa butter
d. butter
A - coconut
Which of the following may result in metabolic acidosis?
a. decreased retention of bicarbonate
b. decreased retention of hydrogen
c. decreased retention of chloride
d. increased retention of bicarbonate
A - decreased retention of bicarbonate
Examples of moist heat cooking include:
a. braising, stewing
b. grilling, frying
c. broiling, braising
d. steaming, frying
A - braising, stewing
Dry heat cookery should be used for which cut of meat?
a. shoulder
b. neck
c. brisket
d. near the backbone
D - near the backbone
What color do onions turn when cooked in an aluminum pan?
a. purple
b. blue
c. red
d. yellow
D - yellow
Which cooking method would best convert collagen to gelatin in a bottom round roast?
a. grilling it to medium rare
b. braising
c. broiling
d. searing
B - braising
Which method of bread making is not as dependent on the length of time the dough sits to rise?
a. straight dough method
b. sponge dough method
c. continuous method
d. prime bake method
C - continuous method
Which nutrient is added for flour enrichment?
a. vitamin A
b. iodine
c. fluorine
d. iron
D - iron
What does the term "USDA graded" on meat tell the consumer?
a. it assures wholesomeness
b. it was free of disease at the time of slaughter
c. the meat is for for human consumption
d. it defines quality
D - it defines quality
A cake with a fallen center may be the result of:
a. too little fat
b. too little sugar
c. excess sugar and excess fat
d. too little baking powder
C - excess sugar and excess fat
Which of the following has the least amount of saturated fat?
a. 2% milk
b. half and half
c. non-dairy creamer
d. evaporated skim milk
D - evaporated skim milk
Coarse texture in a cake is due to:
a. too little baking powder
b. over-mixing
c. too much baking powder or sugar
d. oven temperature too high
C - too much baking powder or sugar
Nitrogen equilibrium is associated with:
a. a 25 year old pregnant female
b. a 25 year old male
c. a 15 year old girl
d. a 4 year old child
B - a 25 year old male
Children's diets are found to be low in iron due to emphasis on:
a. vegetables
b. milk
c. fruits
d. cereals
B - milk
Which mineral is involved in blood clotting?
a. calcium
b. phosphorus
c. iron
d. selenium
A - calcium
Which of the following is true regarding flour?
a. all-purpose is made from soft wheat
b. all-purpose flour has more protein than bread flour
c. cake flour has the least and the weakest gluten
d. cake flour has less starch than bread flour
C - cake flour has the least and the weakest gluten
The main function of glycolysis is to provide:
a. pyruvate for the TCA cycle
b. lactic acid for energy use by muscles
c. muscle and liver glycogen
d. a substrate for the Cori cycle
A - pyruvate for the TCA cycle
Food service employees should wash their hands for at least:
a. 30 sec
b. 25 sec
c. 20 sec
d. 15 sec
C - 20 sec
Metabolites of the Kreb's cycle are:
a. water, energy, carbon dioxide
b. energy and pyruvic acid
c. electrolytes and water
d. lactic acid and glycogen
A - water, energy, carbon dioxide
Meat graded "US standard" is the grade given at the:
a. time of purchase
b. time of delivery
c. storage facility
d. time of slaughter
D - time of slaughter
Which of the following substitutions will most decrease the sodium content of a biscuit?
I. low sodium milk for whole milk
II. Egg substitute for egg
III. Low sodium baking powder for baking powder

a. I
b. I, II
c. all of the above
d. I, III
D - low sodium milk for whole milk & Low sodium baking powder for baking powder
Which pasta contains egg?
a. noodles
b. spaghetti
c. macaroni
d. linguini
A - noodles
A patient who is iron-deficient should consume ____ with a good iron source:
a. apple juice
b. orange juice
c. milk
d. cheese
B - orange juice
A serum sodium level of 150 mEq/L indicates:
a. sepsis
b. dehydration
c. hypertension
d. hyperglycemia
B - dehydration
Cabbage should be cooked:
a. covered
b. in a small amount of water
c. in a large quantity of water
d. covered in a small amount of water
C - in a large quantity of water
To decrease sodium intake, substitute:
a. carrots for celery
b. unsalted margarine for regular margarine
c. diet margarine for regular margarine
d. carrots for pepper
B - unsalted margarine for regular margarine
Apples stored in a controlled environment would:
a. ripen quickly
b. last one or two years
c. have extended life and improved marketing quality
d. only be used as processed fruit
C - have extended life and improved marketing quality
The following oils can be winterized:
a. corn, soy, cottonseed
b. olive, corn, soy
c. cottonseed, olive
d. olive, corn
A - corn, soy, cottonseed
Which would you give to a person who is mildly hypokalemic?
a. 1 cup blueberries
b. 1 cup cranberries
c. 1/2 cup applesauce
d. 1 piece cantaloupe
D - 1 piece cantaloupe
A serum sodium level of 150 mEq/L is a sign of:
a. very high sodium intake
b. very low sodium intake
c. hyponatremia
d. hypernatremia
D - hypernatremia
To increase potassium intake, consume a snack of:
a. cheese and crackers, plums, cranberry juice
b. a bagel, milk and an apple
c. a grilled cheese and tomato sandwich and strawberries
d. tuna salad, a wheat roll, and cola
C - a grilled cheese and tomato sandwich and strawberries
If protein intake is doubled, which nutrient needs to be increased?
a. pyridoxine
b. folic acid
c. niacin
d. vitamin c
A - pyridoxine
The level of significance of test results is measured using the p value. Which of the following represents the most significant factor?
a. <0.0002
b. <0.002
c. <0.02
d. <0.20
A - <0.0002
The Cori Cycle:
a. glucose into galactose
b. lactate into pyruvate
c. lactic acid into glycogen
d. glycogen into glucose
B - lactate into pyruvate
Fats high in monounsaturated fatty acids include:
a. olive and canola
b. safflower and corn
c. coconut and palm
d. soy and peanut
A - olive and canola
Fats high in polyunsaturated fatty acids include:
a. olive and canola
b. safflower and corn
c. coconut and palm
d. soy and peanut
B - safflower and corn
Green beans cooked in tomato sauce turn ____ due to _____.
a. bright green; chlorophyllin
b. olive green; pheophytin
c. brown; carotenoids
d. black; anthoxanthins
B - olive green; pheophytin
If you are on a low phosphorous diet, what food should you most avoid?
a. yogurt
b. orange juice
c. beef
d. bread
A - yogurt
A 5 month old is diagnosed with salmonella. What is likely the cause?
a. fruit juice
b. milk
c. table food
d. evaporated milk
C - table food
An 8 month old baby contracts botulism. What is likely the cause?
a. cereal and evaporated milk
b. cereal and honey
c. cereal and table food
d. cereal and fruit juice
B - cereal and honey
Which is the best source of emulsification?
a. eggs
b. milk
c. salt
d. flour
A - eggs
The kidneys respond to respiratory acidosis by:
a. increasing the secretion of magnesium
b. exchanging sodium for calcium
c. increasing the retention of bicarbonate
d. exchanging potassium for hydrogen
C - increasing the retention of bicarbonate
A serum sodium level of 150 mEq/L may be due to:
a. an increase in the intake of sodium-rich food
b. decreased steroid formation
c. an increased level of aldosterone
d. a decrease in the intake of sodium-rich foods
C - an increased level of aldosterone
Green peas held on the serving line may turn olive green due to:
a. pheophytin
c. chlorophyllin
c. anthoxanthins
d. flavones
A - pheophytin
In cereal production, enrichment adds:
a. vitamin A
b. vitamin D
c. iron
d. iodine
C - iron
Cured meat is pink due to:
a. sugar
b. salt
c. vinegar
d. nitrites
D - nitrites
A serum sodium level of 115 mEq/L may be due to:
a. over-hydration
b. dehydration
c. a very high sodium intake
d. a sodium intake of 5.5g per day
A - over-hydration
Butter has fatty acids in this order of predominance:
a. PUFA, MUFA, SAT
b. SAT, MUFA, PUFA
c. MUFA, SAT, PUFA
d. MUFA, PUFA, SAT
B - SAT, MUFA, PUFA
Margarine has fatty acids in this order of predominance:
a. PUFA, MUFA, SAT
b. SAT, MUFA, PUFA
c. MUFA, SAT, PUFA
d. MUFA, PUFA, SAT
A - PUFA, MUFA, SAT
Lactic acid is produced through:
a. glycolysis
b. gluconeogenesis
c. glycogenesis
d. lactolysis
A - glycolysis
Which of the following amino acids is a precursor for serotonin?
a. Phenylalanine
b. Methionine
c. Tryptophan
d. Tyrosine
C - Tryptophan
When on Dicumarol, avoid increasing your intake of:
a. spinach
b. beets
c. corn
d. beef
A - spinach
If there is not enough oxaloacetic acid available to the TCA cycle:
a. pyruvic acid cannot be converted to pyruvic acid
b. glucose-6-phosphate cannot be converted to pyruvic acid
c. acetyl CoA coming in from fat cannot be handled properly
d. glycogen cannot be converted back to glucose-6-phosphate
C - acetyl CoA coming in from fat cannot be handled properly
Energy expenditure of humans can be measured by:
a. heat intake
b. food intake
c. nitrogen output
d. oxygen consumption
D - oxygen consumption
Gastric proteolysis requires:
a. pyridoxine
b. ascorbic acicd
c. hydrochloric acid
d. the intrinsic factor
C - hydrochloric acid
Patients with early signs of xerophthalmia should consume?
a. chicken, fish, summer squash
b. liver, milk, eggs
c. oatmeal, almonds, berries
d. high fiber cereals, salad greens
B - liver, milk, eggs
Sorbitol is:
a. less sweet than sucrose and has a lower glycemic index than sucrose
b. less sweet than sucrose and has a higher glycemix index than sucrose
c. sweeter than sucrose
d. sweeter than sucrose and has a lower glycemic response than sucrose
A - less sweet than sucrose and has a lower glycemic index than sucrose
Which mineral is absorbed through the intestine and transported with ceruloplasmin in the blood?
a. copper
b. iodine
c. sodium
d. calcium
A - copper
The Schilling test detects defects in the absorption of:
a. folic acid
b. cyanocobalamin
c. pyridoxine
d. iron
B - cyanocobalamin
Which of the following should be avoided on a low sodium diet?
a. pork loin
b. turkey roll
c. beef sirloin
d. lam chop
B - turkey roll
What is the effect of excess caffeine intake?
a. insomnia
b. nausea
c. bloating
d. weight gain
A - insomnia
The toxic level of vitamin A has been identified as:
a. 5,000 IU
b. 10,000 IU
c. 15, 000 IU
d. 20,000 IU
B - 10,000 IU
How many oranges are needed to produce one quart of juice?
a. 12
b. 15
c. 18
d. 20
A - 12
The amino acid tryptophan can be converted into:
a. serotonin
b. catecholamines
c. Phenylalanine
d. tyrosine
A - serotonin
A muffin has long tunnels from top to bottom, next time you make this recipe you should:
a. add more baking soda
b. avoid over-mixing the batter
c. add less butter
d. cook it for a shorter time
B - avoid over-mixing the batter
Nitrites added to cured meats may cause:
a. a slightly salty taste
b. avoid over-mixing the batter
c. add less butter
d. cook it for a shorter time
C - add less butter
Phenylalanine is a precursor for:
a. serotonin
b. catecholamines
c. tryptophan
d. tyrosine
D - tyrosine
Which cheese has the highest moisture content:
a. cheddar
b. swiss
c. mozzarella
d. gorgonzola
C - mozzarella
Decreased levels of serotonin are associated with:
a. decrease in carbohydrate appetite
b. increase in carbohydrate appetite
c. decreased sensation of taste
d. increased sensation of taste
B - increase in carbohydrate appetite
Carbohydrate, fat and protein are all converted into:
a. pyruvic acid
b. acetyl CoA
c. Oxaloacetic acid
d. ketoglutamic acid
B - acetyl CoA
If energy needs increase, which vitamins are needed in higher amounts?
a. A, C, folate
b. A, C, thiamin
c. thiamin, niacin, riboflavin, pantothenic acid
d. pyridoxine, cyanocobalamin
C - thiamin, niacin, riboflavin, pantothenic acid
How many mEq of sodium are in 1 gram of sodium?
a. 25
b. 43
c. 65
d. 110
B - 43
How can you preserve thiamin when cooking pork?
a. use the drippings after the fat has been removed
b. insert a meat thermometer and cook it to145F in an oven at 325F
c. increase the cooking temperature to lessen cooking time
d. add a small quantity of water during cooking
B - insert a meat thermometer and cook it to145F in an oven at 325F
A good source of vitamin A for pre-school children would be:
a. grapes
b. watermelon
c. cantaloupe pieces
d. banana
C - cantaloupe pieces
Which amino acid is especially glucogenic?
a. alanine
b. threonine
c. valine
d. methionine
A - alanine
If carbohydrate intake is increased, which vitamin needs to be increased?
a. thiamin
b. niacin
c. riboflavin
d. pyridoxine
A - thiamin
The rate of oxidation of which branched-chain amino acid increases significantly during moderate exercise?
a. leucine
b. phenylalanine
c. tyrosine
d. threonine
A - leucine
What should you do with leftover sliced beef from lunch?
a. throw it out
b. let the meat cool at room temp and then serve within two days
c. refrigerate immediately and then serve within two days
d. keep it in the warmer until dinner time
C - refrigerate immediately and then serve within two days
A food is bacteria-safe if it is:
a. neutral and moist
b. neutral and dry
c. acidic and dry
d. acidic and moist
C - acidic and dry
French fries made from stored potatoes would have changes in:
I. taste II appearance III. texture

a. I, II, III
b. II, III
c. I
d. I, III
A - I, II, III
What percent of protein and fat converts to glucose?
a. 58% protein, 10% fat
b. 10% protein, 60% fat
c. 30% protein, 30% fat
d. 20% protein, 40% fat
A - 58% protein, 10% fat
Excess amounts of zinc may lead to a deficiency of:
a. copper
b. magnesium
c. folate
d. cobalt
A - copper
When adding bran to a flour mixture, what should be changed?
a. baking temperature
b. increase the fat and liquid
c. increase the oxidizing agent
d. increase the flour and liquid
D - increase the flour and liquid
A food item provides 45g of carbohydrate, 10g of protein, and 10g fat, what percent of total calories comes from fat?
a. 34%
b. 29%
c. 23%
d. 20%
B - 29%
Which of the following is a digestive enzyme secreted by the pancreas?
a. pepsin
b. amylase
c. lactase
d. maltase
B - amylase
Sugar tenderizes a baked good by:
a. absorbing some of the water that gluten needs
b. increasing the strength of the gluten
c. increasing the action of the leavening agent
d. starting gluten development
A - absorbing some of the water that gluten needs
Dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia, pellagra, are signs of a:
a. riboflavin deficiency
b. thiamin deficiency
c. pyridoxine deficiency
d. niacin deficiency
D - niacin deficiency
What must be fortified with folic acid?
a. skim milk
b. cornmeal
c. orange juice
d. canned vegetables
B - cornmeal
Pie crust is moist the day after cooking. why?
a. overcooking of the crust
b. retrogradation of filling
c. too much egg in the recipe
d. inadequate flour
B - retrogradation of filling
What is the main purpose of water in the body?
a. it acts as a medium for cell metabolism
b. it helps transport calcium through cell membranes
c. it maintains electrolyte balance
d. to maintain body temp
A - it acts as a medium for cell metabolism
What is fluid seeping from a congealed product called?
a. retrogradation
b. syneresis
c. coagulation
d. gelatinization
B - syneresis
Strict vegans may need supplements of:
a. chromium
b. zinc
c. iron
d. gelatinization
B - zinc
The citric acid cycle occurs:
a. in the cytoplasm of the cell and produces energy as ATP
b. in the mitochondria and produces energy as ATP
c. in the cytoplasm of the cell and produces pyruvic and lactic acids
d. in the mitochondria and produces pyruvic and lactic acid
B - in the mitochondria and produces energy as ATP
Frozen chicken has been thawed in warm water. You should:
a. prepare it immediately
b. discard it
c. refreeze it
d. refrigerate it
B - discard it
When substitution butter for lard in pastry:
a. use the same amount
b. use less
c. use more
d. use less and decrease the water content
C - use more
the purpose of an emulsifier in margarine is to:
a. keep water and fat from separating
b. keep water and fat separated
c. sustain the natural flavor of the ingredients
d. retain the color
A - keep water and fat from separating
Which of the following must be reduced before it can be further transported for absorption?
a. dipeptides
b. whey
c. casein hydrolysate
d. crystalline amino acids
B - whey
Adding bran to a bread recipe will:
a. increase the volume
b. decrease the volume
c. require an increase in oven temp
d. require a decrease in oven temp
B - decrease the volume
An angel food cake is made without cream of tartar. What is the result?
a. a yellowy cake
b. a bright white cake
c. a cake with large volume
d. a very tender cake
A - a yellowy cake
All baking powders contain:
a. sodium bicarbonate
b. tartrate
c. phosphate
d. acetate
A - sodium bicarbonate
Beef bottom round should be cooked:
a. at a high temp for a short time
b. in water for an extended time
c. in dry heat
d. in moist heat for short time
B - in water for an extended time
Which of the following combines with CoA in two carbon fragments to make acetyl CoA to then enter the Kreb's cycle to make energy?
a. lactic acid
b. fatty acids
c. glucose
d. fructose
B - fatty acids
What is the best way to cook roast?
a. sear the meat first, roast at 400F
b. cook slowly in the oven at 325F
c. cook it at 400F for 10min, then at 350F
d. brown the meat, then cook it at 350F
B - cook slowly in the oven at 325F
If you are comparing the prevalence of heart disease in two states, the study design is:
a. analytical research
b. case control research
c. descriptive research
d. quasi-experimental
C - descriptive research
Which of the following has the most bacteria?
a. roast chicken
b. ground beef
c. roast veal
d. roast pork
B - ground beef
What is the product of pyruvate breakdown?
a. acetyl CoA
b. glycogen
c. NADPH
d. glucose-6-phosphate
A - acetyl CoA
Which of the following is true?
a. Fructose has sucrose
b. fructose is less concentrated than glucose
c. fructose take longer to digest than glucose
d. fructose is sweeter than glucose
D - fructose is sweeter than glucose
Infants should be given solid foods at:
a. 4-6 months
b. 3-4 months
c. 2-4 months
d. 6-8 months
A - 4-6 months
Which of the following is a grade for fresh produce?
a. US select
b. US Grade A
c. US No. 1
d. US standard
C - US No. 1
What is the recommended weight gain during pregnancy for a woman with a BMI of 28?
a. 25-35 pounds
b. 28 - 40 pounds
c. 15-25 pounds
d. 11-20 pounds
C - 15-25 pounds
What gives the structure to quick breads?
a. flour and milk
b. flour and water
c. eggs and flour
d. eggs
C - eggs and flour
When taking an anticoagulant, avoid the following:
a. thiamin supplements
b. vitamin E supplements above 400 IU per day
c. supplements of calcium and vitamin D
d. niacin supplements
B - vitamin E supplements above 400 IU per day
What is a function of cream of tartar in a recipe?
a. prevents the Maillard reaction
b. enhances the Maillard reaction
c. increases the alkalinity allowing for better leavening
d. enhances gelation
A - prevents the Maillard reaction
The flour with the most starch is:
a. cake
b. whole wheat
c. instantized
d. durum
A - cake
In interpreting correlation data, if the r value is greater than 1:
a. the relationship is strong
b. the result is not valid
c. the relationship is weak
d. is it within 1 standard deviation
B - the result is not valid
Homemade rolls are crumbly and fall apart easily, the most likely cause of the poor texture in the yeast bread is:
a. use of a high-protein flour
b. use of a lower-protein flour
c. insufficient proofing time
d. excessive proofing time
B - use of a lower-protein flour
Replacing carbohydrate with fat in the diet will:
a. raise the respiratory quotient
b. lower the respiratory quotient
c. increases the respiratory rate
d. spares protein
B - lower the respiratory quotient
A commercial muffin mix is described as a "rich formula", which means it contains:
a. high proportions of sugar and shortening
b. high fructose corn syrup instead of crystalline sugar
c. high amounts of whey instead of nonfat dry milk solids
d. more chemical leavening than is used in a "lean formula"
A - high proportions of sugar and shortening
The greatest effect on the yield of meat cooked to a uniform internal temp is produced by the:
a. type of oven and source of the heat
b. weight of meat and the oven load
c. degree of tempering and the grade of meat
d. cooking time and the oven temp
D - cooking time and the oven temp
In the quasi-experimental design "time series", there is:
a. a series of control groups
b. no control groups
c. an experimental and a control group
d. a placebo group
B - no control groups
Which of the following will stabilize the egg in a recipe?
a. a base
b. an acid
c. sugar
d. salt
B - an acid
A natural plant hormone that is used to ripen fruits is:
a. methanol
b. ethylene
c. acetyl acid
d. ethanol
B - ethylene
Aseptically packaged milk should be stored:
a. in dry storage
b. in the refrigerator
c. in the freezer
d. below 40 degrees
A - in dry storage
the sensitivity of a screening tool evaluates:
a. the proportion of non-afflicted individuals identified as non-afflicted
b. the consistency or reproducibility of test results
c. the proportion of afflicted individuals who tested positive
d. the amount of variation that occurs randomly within the population
C - the proportion of afflicted individuals who tested positive
A processed food entree includes TVP which is used to:
a. add color
b. improve taste
c. retain water and add protein
d. act as an emulsifier
C - retain water and add protein
If broccoli in a vegetable mixture turns olive green during holding, it may be due to:
a. lemon juice
b. baking soda
c. salt
d. sugar
A - lemon juice
In the alanine cycle, alanine is released from muscle, taken up by the liver, and:
a. excreted in the urine
b. deaminated to release glucose
c. converted into adipose
d. oxidized to nitric acid
deaminated to release glucose
In the Cori cycle, lactate is converted into:
a. ribose
b. NADPH
c. pyruvate
d. acetyl coA
C - pyruvate
Normal saline has ___mEq sodium/L
a. 154
b. 100
c. 50
d. 200
A - 154
An amylase deficiency would result in:
a. decreased gluconeogenesis
b. decreased lipolysis
c. decreased glycolysis
d. decreased proteolysis
C - decreased glycolysis
Fresh eggs in the shell can be stored in a refrigerator at 40F for:
a. 3 weeks
b. 2 weeks
c. 10 days
d. 4-6 days
A - 3 weeks
Trypsin and chymotrypsin are:
a. pancreatic enzymes that provide proteolytic action
b. intestinal enzymes that digest starch
c. liver hormones involved in fat digestion
d. intestinal enzymes that digest protein
A - pancreatic enzymes that provide proteolytic action
Acid-base abnormalities in an uncontrolled diabetic are likely due to:
a. respiratory alkalosis
b. metabolic acidosis
c. respiratory acidosis
d. metabolic alkalosis
B - metabolic acidosis
A patient consumed 12 grams of protein and released 8 grams of nitrogen in the urine, this is:
a. nitrogen balance
b. negative nitrogen balance
c. positive nitrogen balance
d. plus 4 nitrogen balance
B - negative nitrogen balance
Kidneys help control pH by:
a. excreting sodium and calcium
b. controlling the ratio of hydrogen irons to bicarbonate excretion
c. excreting carbon dioxide and carbonic acid
d. excreting NADPH
B - controlling the ratio of hydrogen irons to bicarbonate excretion
Pernicious anemia is likely to occur following a:
a. colectomy
b. colostomy
c. gastretomy
d. esophagostomy
C - gastretomy
A patient's I/O form indicates the following data. What is his total insensible fluid loss?

Input(ml)
Oral fluids: 1800
Solid foods: 800
Metabolic water: 250
Total: 2850

Output (ml)
urine: 1900
intestinal: 250
lungs and skin: 700
total: 2850

a. 700ml
b. 950ml
c. 1900ml
d. 2850ml
A - 700ml
Which pigment can be converted into a vitamin?
a. chlorophyll
b. carotenoids
c. anthocyanin
d. anthoxanthins
B - carotenoids
The amount of ceruloplasmin is affected by what disease?
a. Addison's disease
b. Pheochromocytoma
c. Cushing's syndrome
d. Wilson's disease
D - Wilson's disease
An edematous person may actually be dehydrated because:
a. intravascular fluid is retained
b. intravascular fluid is diluted
c. fluid is retained intracellularly
d. fluid is retained extracellularly
D - fluid is retained extracellularly
When alpha linolenic acid is substituted for saturated fatty acids in the diet, the results will be:
a. increased HDL, reduced LDL
b. decreased triglycerides, lower total cholesterol
c. decreased triglycerides, little change in total cholesterol
d. lower HDL, increased LDL
C - decreased triglycerides, little change in total cholesterol
When substituted for saturated fats in the diet, which of the following oils will likely lower total cholesterol but also lower HDL cholesterol?
a. olive oil
b. canola oil
c. peanut oil
d. safflower oil
D - safflower oil
What is the best way to reduce the fat content of a brownie recipe?
a. use margarine instead of butter
b. cut out all the fat
c. cut out half the fat
d. use prune puree in place of half the fat
D - use prune puree in place of half the fat
You want to keep lemon meringue pie at its peak. What should you do?
a. add sugar with eggs
b. add flour with butter
c. keep the pie at room temperature
d.keep the pie refrigerator
D - keep the pie refrigerator
A child is lethargic and irritable with diarrhea. The cause may be:
a. zinc toxicity
b. lead poisoning
c. iron overload
d. vitamin A toxicity
B - lead poisoning
A child is at the 95th percentile for BMI for age. He is:
a. normal
b. obese
c. overweight
d. tall for his age
B - obese
A child is at the 85th percentile for BMI, he is:
a. overweight
b. tall for his age
c. muscular for his age
d. normal weight
A - overweight
Cross-sectional studies:
a. describe past events and conditions
b. are useful in predicting future-events
c. are a snap-shot look at one point in time
d. measure before and after an intervention occurs
C - are a snap-shot look at one point in time
To determine whether promotional efforts have increased sales in a business use:
a. the experimental design
b. an observational study
c. a survey
d. a segmentation process
A - the experimental design
What should you do with a new client who sits scowling at you during the session?
a. presume she understands what you are saying
b. ask her if she is uncomfortable about the session
c. recognize that new clients are seldom relaxed
d. presume that she just would rather be somewhere else
B - ask her if she is uncomfortable about the session
The absence of reinforcement following an undesirable behavior is:
a. positive reinforcement
b. punishment
c. extinction
d. avoidance
C - extinction
A study design that tracts the occurrence of infections in patients who are at nutritional risk and in the hospital for longer than seven days is:
a. a cohort study
b. a time series method
c. a case control study
d. descriptive research
A - a cohort study
Which of the following foods is the best source of omega-3 fatty acids
a. shrimp
b. anchovies
c. sardines
d. olive oil
C - sardines
Before you teach a class on nutrition, you should:
a. research all current materials at the library
b. read a current nutrition textbook
c. take a survey to determine what they are interested in
d. assess the student's current nutrition knowledge
D - assess the student's current nutrition knowledge
You are explaining to a new client how making a few changes in his food choices will benefit his overall health. The learning domain is:
a. psychomotor
b. cognitive
c. affective
d. human
C - affective
Active listening in counseling sessions involves:
a. probing into specific areas of behavior
b. empathizing
c. selective perception
d. paraphrasing and responding
D - paraphrasing and responding
A study reported a 10% morbidity rate in infants in the country and a 12% morbidity rate for infants in the city. This means that:
a. 10% of infants died in the country
b. more infants died in the city than in the country
c. more disease in infants in the city than in the country
d. more disease in infants in the country than in the city
C - more disease in infants in the city than in the country
The first step in planning a continuing education program is to:
a. locate the guest speaker
b. survey participants to see what interests them
c. survey other groups to see what they are doing
d. select a topic that has not been offered lately
B - survey participants to see what interests them
When planning a program for rural elderly, which is the most important?
a. the number of participants
b. what you will serve
c. where it will be held
d. how they will get to you
D - how they will get to you
Which exhibits a definite positive correlation?
a. 0.05 - 0.07
b. 1.2 - 1.3
c. 0.8 - 1.0
d. 0.2 - 0.9
C - 0.8 - 1.0
Where would this be placed in a research article: "most of the changes seen were probably due to..."
a. introduction
b. discussion
c. results
d. summary
B - discussion
You are asked to give an in-service to the staff. What should you do first?
a. ask them what they want to learn
b. read up on the subject
c. observe the staff at work to identify problems
d. see what other hospitals are teaching
C - observe the staff at work to identify problems
When should an explanation of how a worker will be evaluated be given to them?
a. one month prior to their eval
b. they should not be shown to the worker
c. the day of the evaluation before you meet with them
d. the day they are hired
D - the day they are hired
When developing educational plans, when do you plan the evaluation criteria?
a. before implementation of the plan
b. do it before you plan anything else
c. plan evaluation criteria at each step in the process
d. plan it just before you offer the program
C - plan evaluation criteria at each step in the process
The first step in developing a training program is to:
a. assess the needs of the group
b. review training programs offered in other locations
c. provide the trainer with detailed instructions
d. estimate approximate length of time needed to complete training
A - assess the needs of the group
Which of the following is the most useful for evaluating long term nutrition in children?
a. height for age
b. weight for height
c. weight for age
d. length for weight
A - height for age
What denotes a high correlation?
a. 0.2
b. 0.4
c. 0.6
d. 0.8
D - 0.8
The mean is a measure of:
a. a normal curve
b. central tendency
c. a frequency curve
d. a straight line
B - central tendency
In interpreting statistical data, if half the observations are above the number 8, and half are below the number 8, the number 8 is the:
a. mode
b. median
c. mean
d. average
B - median
In a study of the effects of following a low fat diet on the incidence of breast cancer, women were randomized to follow either their usual dietary pattern, or a low fat diet. The study design is:
a. descriptive research
b. analytical research
c. cross-sectional
d. qualitative research
B - analytical research
A study showed the morbidity of children with anemia to be 5:1000. This means:
a. 5 children out of 1000 died of anemia
b. 5 children out of 1000 had anemia
c. 1000 children had anemia
d. 1000 children died of anemia
B - 5 children out of 1000 had anemia
A 5 month old infant has changed from the 65th to the 95th percentile weight for height. The dietitian should first:
a. suggest the infant receives more solid foods
b. change the feeding formula
c. check to see if weights have been plotted properly
d. increase the amount of formula provided
C - check to see if weights have been plotted properly
You are analyzing a client's physical ability to prepare meals. The learning domain is:
a. conceptual
b. affective
c. human
d. psychomotor
D - psychomotor
At your first counseling session with a new patient you should:
a. tell him you have to change his diet
b. find out what he eats
c. give him instructional materials
d. teach him meal exchanges
B - find out what he eats
An appropriate purpose of analytical research is to _____.
a. test the hypothesis...
b. investigate the...
c. formulate a hypothesis...
d. distinguish between....
A - test the hypothesis...
Which defines the statistical term "mean"
a. the number that occurs most frequently
b. the average
c. the central tendency
d. a value in an ordered set of numbers below and above which fall in an equal set of numbers
B - the average
If patients in a counseling session become restless:
a. shorten the sessions
b. use a series of guest speakers
c. realize that this is to be expected
d. cancel the sessions
A - shorten the sessions
You will be introducing new methods of production to your staff. The most effective method would be to:
a. include them during discussions of proposed methods
b. introduce the new method quickly
c. let them know it is a better process
d. ask employees if they will go along with the decision
A - include them during discussions of proposed methods
The best indicator that children applied knowledge from a nutrition education program about vitamin D is:
a. their parents know about good sources of vitamin D
b. the children can name good sources of vitamin D
c. the children request more snacks with vitamin D
d. the children know the reasons for including the vitamin
C - the children request more snacks with vitamin D
In a study on custards which would be the dependent variable?
a. the amount of milk and sugar in the recipe
b. the cooked custard
c. the temperature of the oven
d. the time of cooking
B - the cooked custard
What is the mean of the following set of numbers: 3, 2, 2:
a. 3
b. 2.3
c. 3.2
d. 2.5
B - 2.3
Statistics that let you draw probable conclusions beyond your immediate universe of data, are called
a. descriptive statistics
b. inferential statistics
c. variable interest statistics
d. continuous statistics
B - inferential statistics
A performance objective should be based on:
a. a review of the literature for the latest research
b. what the learner should know or be able to do
c. existing standards of practice
d. a SWOT analysis
B - what the learner should know or be able to do
Which would provide the best source of omega-3 fatty acids?
a. walnuts, flaxseeds
b. tuna, cod
c. sardines, herring, mackerel
d. canola oil
C - sardines, herring, mackerel
Synergistics is:
a. two people working together
b. two people working in separate areas
c. a person working alone
d. a group of people working together to solve a problem
D - a group of people working together to solve a problem
When counseling an anorexic, the best advice is to:
a. be real strict in their food choices
b. be flexible and help them choose reasonable goals
c. provide a large variety of menu items
d. give them free rein with their intake
B - be flexible and help them choose reasonable goals
After you review the patient's medical record, the first step in counseling is:
a. assess the patient's nutritional status
b. collect all relevant data
c. establish a climate of trust
d. establish an overall evaluation plan for the patient
C - establish a climate of trust
ANOVA is used when:
a. several products compete against one another
b. comparing two similar products
c. testing whether results can be generalized to a larger group
d. testing whether the difference between two groups is real
A - several products compete against one another
If you measure a group before and after a treatment to see whether or not there has been a significant change, the study design is:
a. experimental
b. quasi-experimental
c. descriptive
d. qualitative
B - quasi-experimental
The number of individuals in a population diagnosed with a specific condition during a specified time is the:
a. prevalence
b incidence
c. rate of the condition
d. duration of the condition
B - incidence
Results of a three day food record were obtained in June and again three months later. What is this called?
a. validity
b. reliability
c. sensitivity
d. specificity
B - reliability
Which of the following responses by a counselor indicates "reflection"?
a. "yes, you can do that"
b. "you said, 'you want to lose weight?'"
c. "explain what you mean by that please"
d. "I can help you"
B - "you said, 'you want to lose weight?'"
How do you begin an interview with a patient?
a. obtain height and weight
b. Get a nutritional history
c. Introduce yourself and make them comfortable
d. give the diet instruction
C - Introduce yourself and make them comfortable
Inferential statistics are associated with:
a. probability
b. mean
c. mode
d. graphs
A - probability
In behavior modification, the absence of reinforcement following an undesired behavior is referred to as:
a. avoidance learning
b. extinction
c. negative reinforcement
d. negative consequence
B - extinction
What is your first concern when deciding how to teach?
a. the time you and the students have
b. what learning resources are available
c. what you are best at
d. the needs and abilities of your students
D - the needs and abilities of your students
The statement "After class, the patient will be able to write a day's menu
following the guidelines" is...
a. a goal
b. an objective
c. a plan
d. a research hypothesis
B - an objective
To determine the reading level of a text:
a. count the number of words with more than one syllable
b. count the number of paragraphs
c. count the average number of letters in the words
d. count the number of sentences in a paragraph
A - count the number of words with more than one syllable
In a normal curve, what % of data falls between +1 and -1 standard deviation?
a. 52
b. 93
c. 35
d. 68
D - 68
The statement "this further shows daily weighing is an effective weight loss tool" should be placed in which section of the research report?
a. implications
b. results
c. analysis
d. methodology
A - implications
The statement "the country's infant mortality rate is 12.8, and the state's infant mortality rate is 10.5" means that:
a. more infants died in the country than in the state
b. for every 1000 live births in the country, 12.8 infants died
c. two more infants died in the country than in the state
d. 12.8% of the infants born in the country died before the age of 1
B - for every 1000 live births in the country, 12.8 infants died
What reading level is appropriate for educational material for the general population?
a. 4th grade
b. 5th grade
c. 8th grade
d. 10th grade
C - 8th grade
What reading level is appropriate for written materials for a population with low literacy skills?
a. 4th grade
b. 6th grade
c. 8th grade
d. 9th grade
B - 6th grade
The formula that counts the number of polysyllabic words in text to calculate the reading level is the:
a. SMOG index
b. BACM index
c. Smith Reading index
d. Text index
A - SMOG index
Which is the dependent variable?
a. leavening
b. storage days
c. volume
d. oven temperature
C - volume
The incidence of xeropthalmia in children between the ages of 1-5
is 5:1000. This means:
a. morbidity rate of xeropthalmia is 5 in every 1000 children ages 1-5
b. mortality rate of xeropthalmia is 5000 in this age group
c. morbidity rate of xeropthalmia is 5000 in this age group
d. mortality rate is 5 in every 1000 children aged 1-5
A - morbidity rate of xeropthalmia is 5 in every 1000 children ages 1-5
If there is no statistical difference between study groups, the hypothesis is:
a. negative
b. null
c. even
d. positive
B - null
A focus group contributes what data?
a. analytical
b. experimental
c. attitudinal
d. objective
C - attitudinal
An example of nominal (frequency) data is:
a. temperature
b. weight
c. differentiate between men and women
d. rank in class
C - differentiate between men and women
Compared to whole milk, breast milk is:
a. higher in protein and fat, lower in carbohydrate
b. lower in protein, higher in carbohydrate and fat
c. lower in protein, carbohydrate, and fat
d. has the same nutrient composition
B - lower in protein, higher in carbohydrate and fat
Which result is desirable?

Before After
Experimental group A B
Control group C D

a. the difference between A and B is more significant than the difference between C and D
b. the difference between B and D is statistically significant
c. the difference between A and C is more significant than the difference between B and D
d. the difference between A and D is more significant than the difference between C and B
A - he difference between A and B is more significant than the difference between C and D
A patient relates a story to the RD. The RD says: "this happened to me, too" This is:
a. reflection
b. clarification
c. attribution
d. self-disclosure
D - self-disclosure
An example of formative evaluation is:
a. IQ test
b. RD exam
c. Pretest quiz
d. Comparative evaluation
C - Pretest quiz
The lecture:
a. increases teacher-student involvement
b. is student oriented
c. reinforces material presented
d. provides the most material covered in a short time
D - provides the most material covered in a short time
How can you encourage preschool children to eat more fruits and vegetables?
a. Have them participate in preparing fruits and vegetables
b. Have them draw pictures of fruits and vegetables
c. Give examples of food choices using a slide show
d. Give examples of food choices using picture
A - Have them participate in preparing fruits and vegetables
Which is the best way to teach food service workers to prepare a new menu item?
a. show a video of the process
b. have them prepare it following a recipe
c. provide and review detailed, written instructions
d. demonstrate the process, then watch them prepare it
D - demonstrate the process, then watch them prepare it
Following counseling, a client is able to plan a low sodium diet. The learning domain is:
a. affective
b. cognitive
c. psychomotor
d. psychosocial
B - cognitive
A client says: "I want to change my eating habits." You ask why. The learning domain is:
a. affective
b. cognitive
c. psychomotor
d. psychosocial
A - affective
What is the best way to assess what a group of students has learned after diet instruction?
a. list their skills
b. have them explain their skills
c. have them demonstrate their skills
d. post-test on their skills
C - have them demonstrate their skills
At which step in the educational process do you begin evaluation?
a. assessment
b. planning
c. implementation
d. evaluation
A - assessment
The dietitian days to the client: "I hear you say that on some days you just cannot stay with the plan. Is that right?" this is:
a. a statement of affirmation
b. an open-ended question
c. a reassuring response
d. reflective listening
D - reflective listening
An advantage of using focus groups to collect data is that they:
a. help you generalize to larger populations
b. help the researcher understand participants' perspectives
c. help participants stay focused on the topic
d. are inexpensive because many can be interviewed at once
B - help the researcher understand participants' perspectives
An example of a survey with a negative correlation is:
a. when folic acid intake increases prior to pregnancy, the incidence of neural tube defects declines
b. when LDL levels increase, the rate of heart disease increases
c. when a person becomes more obese, their LDL levels likely rise
d. as the intake of peanut butter and potato chips increases, dental caries increase
A - when folic acid intake increases prior to pregnancy, the incidence of neural tube defects declines
When providing nutrition education to a pregnant teenager, which characteristic of adolescents should be kept in mind?
a. interested in planning for the future
b. responds more to emotional stimuli
c. desire to be like their peers
d. has well-defined self-image
C - desire to be like their peers
A new mother may hesitate to become involved with a breast-feeding informational program due to:
a. lack of funds
b. lack of social support
c. lack of knowledge about benefits
d. lack of medical care
B - lack of social support
During motivational interviewing, the question "Do you think you can try this" is:
a. an affirmation
b. a reflection
c. an open-ended question
d. an exploration
C - an open-ended question
A statement of affirmation in motivational interviewing would be:
a. "taking a walk during your lunch hour shows how determined you are"
b. I would like you to try to reduce portion sizes at dinner"
c. "perhaps eating lunch away from you desk would be helpful"
d. try to increase you intake of fruits and vegetables"
A - "taking a walk during your lunch hour shows how determined you are"
To estimate REE in normal weight and obese individuals, use:
a. Harris Benedict
b. Mifflin St. Jeor
c. BMR
d. indirect calorimetry
B - Mifflin St. Jeor
To estimate energy needs in the critically ill, use:
a. Harris Benedict
b. Mifflin St Jeor
c. BMR
d. indirect calorimetry
D - indirect calorimetry
Of the following oils, which is highest in vitamin E?
a. Safflower
b. Corn
c. cottonseed
d. olive
C - cottonseed
Water soluble nutrients are absorbed through:
a. active transport
b. simple diffusion
c. carrier-facilitated passive diffusion
d. inactive transport
C - carrier-facilitated passive diffusion
To determine the effectiveness of a nutrition program to be offered at fitness facilities throughout the city:
a. first determine how many locations are willing to offer the program
b. pilot test the program in one location
c. request a review of the program by local dietitians
d. offer an incentive for facilities to provide the program
B - pilot test the program in one location
The two most abundant minerals in the body are:
a. zinc and chromium
b. calcium and zinc
c. iron and calcium
d. calcium and phosphorus
D - calcium and phosphorus
Increased plasma pyruvate is an indication of a:
a. riboflavin deficiency
b. thiamin deficiency
c. pyridoxine deficiency
d. iron deficiency
B - thiamin deficiency
A serum calcium level of 11.5 mg/dl will bring on a release of:
a. PTH from parathyroid gland
b. calcitonin from the thyroid glands
c. calcium
d. calcium0binding protein from the intestine
B - calcitonin from the thyroid glands
A neonate at birth was at the 75th percentile for weight for age. At 6 months he appears healthy and was at the 60th percentile weight for age. This indicates that:
a. he has a low caloric intake
b. he is experiencing normal growth
c. he may have protein energy malnutrition
d. birth measurements were incorrect
B - he is experiencing normal growth
To determine whether your client has applied your suggestions on decreasing his fat intake, ask him to:
a. name a few foods that should be consumed infrequently
b. name four foods to avoid
c. list the foods he has consumed over the past three days
d. select an appropriate breakfast from a menu
C - list the foods he has consumed over the past three days
When is breast feeding contraindicated?
a. when the mother is underweight
b. when the mother has hyperlipidemia
c. when the mother has a breast infection
d. when the mother has AIDS
D - when the mother has AIDS
Prior to conducting a healthy eating class to local residents, assess their:
a. medical histories
b. physical activity levels
c. readiness to make life-style changes
d. occupations and lifestyle
C - readiness to make life-style changes
BMI for age percentiles start at age:
a. 24 months
b. 36 months
c. 48 months
d. 5 years
A - 24 months
Pale conjunctiva is associated with a deficiency of:
a. vitamin C
b. vitamin D
c. zinc
d. iron
D - iron
A typical meal of a pregnant teenager consists of a hamburger. French fries and diet soda. Which of the following changes would be most beneficial?
a. substitute fresh vegetables for french fries
b. substitute a milkshake for diet soda
c. add fresh fruit to the meal
d. add another hamburger
B - substitute a milkshake for diet soda
Which of the following nonessential amino acids may be considered conditionally essential in catabolic stress such as heart failure?
a. arginine
b. asparagine
c. proline
d. leucine
A - arginine
Which of the following would be most productive when conducting a workshop for teenage mothers about proper portion sizes for feeding toddlers?
a. role-playing
b. lecture
c. discussion
d. demonstration
D - demonstration
Implementing the baby friendly hospital initiative begins with:
a. advertising the initiative to members of the community
b. developing the plan
c. conducting in-service training for all disciplines involved
d. recruit social service agencies to assist in informing the public
B - developing the plan
Cheilosis, stomatitis and a magenta tongue are signs of a:
a. riboflavin deficiency
b. niacin deficiency
c. thiamin deficiency
d. biotin deficiency
A - riboflavin deficiency
When green vegetables begin to lose their color during serving, consider:
a. changing vendors or brands
b. decreasing holding time during heating
c. use different cooking equipment
d. changing the storage temperature
B - decreasing holding time during heating
In metabolic acidosis, which of the following is involved?
a. excretion of potassium
b. excess calcium retention
c. excretion of sodium bicarbonate
d. excess calcium loss
C - excretion of sodium bicarbonate
Fats used in frying can become rancid due to the:
a. oxidation of unsaturated fats
b. uptake of oxygen at the point of saturation
c. removal of high-melting triglycerides
d. prolonged exposure to high temperatures
A - oxidation of unsaturated fats
At what age should children be measured standing up?
a. 6 months
b. 12 months
c. 18 months
d. 24 months
D - 24 months
What is normal weight gain during the first trimester?
a. 1-2 lb
b. 2-5 lb
c. 5-8 lb
d. 8-10 lb
B - 2-5 lb
The breast fed infant is drinking primarily colostrum for:
a. the first 24 hours
b. the first few days
c. 1-2 weeks
d. 3 months
B - the first few days
A normal pregnancy requires supplementation of:
a. iron
b. vitamin C, calcium, iron
c. iron and folic acid
d. calcium and zinc
C - iron and folic acid
which hormone is involved in developing the placenta?
a. progesterone
b. estrogen
c. lactogen
d. testosterone
A - progesterone
Which supplements should you give to a breast-fed baby?
a. vitamin D and fluoride
b. fluoride
c. vitamin D
d. vitamins A and C
A - vitamin D and fluoride
Which of the following represents cow's milk?
a. it creates a low renal solute load
b. high in iron, low in vitamin C
c. low in phosphorus, low in iron
d. it creates a high renal solute load
D - it creates a high renal solute load
A child who is below the 5th percentile weight for height..
a. is tall for his age
b. has a condition inhibiting growth
c. may have experienced long term under-nutrition
d. may have experienced short term under-nutrition
D - may have experienced short term under-nutrition
Which hormone regulates breast milk production?
a. prolactin
b. progesterone
c. estrogen
d. oxytocin
A - prolactin
A low birth weight infant weighs:
a. less than 2500 grams
b. between 500 and 150 grams
c. between 100 and 500 grams
d. between 100 and 500 grams
A - less than 2500 grams
An 18 month old child should receive:
a. whole milk
b. 2% milk
c. 1% milk
d. skim milk
A - whole milk
Which of the following indicates stunted growth?
a. weight for height
b. height for age
c. weight for age
d. weight for length
B - height for age
The treatment for hyperbilirubinemia is:
a. high calorie
b. high protein
c. high fluid
d. high fat
C - high fluid
Creatine supplements may be beneficial for the:
a. body builder
b. marathon runner
c. soccer player
d. hockey player
A - body builder
Which of the following weight gains puts pregnant women at risk?
a. less than 4lb/month in the last half of pregnancy
b. less than 5lb/month in the last half of pregnancy
c. less than 6lb/month in the last half of pregnancy
d. more than 2lb/month in the last half of pregnancy
A - less than 4lb/month in the last half of pregnancy
Which is the primary fuel used by resting muscle and at low intensity exercise
a. glucose
b. fatty acids
c. branch chain amino acids
d. keto-acods
B - fatty acids
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