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Solid & Hazardous Waste

Terms in this set (34)

sanitary landfill
a dump that meets the legal criteria for receiving municipal solid waste
True or False:
Because building new landfills is much more expensive than in years past, large towns are having difficult time affording new landfills.
false (small towns are having a difficult time)
What goes into the construction of modern sanitary landfills?
-synthetic liners
-clay liner
-leachate pipes
-monitoring wells
-facilities for handling methane
synthetic liners
keep fluids from infiltrating the ground below a landfill
Clay is one of the most ____________________ but least permeable of earth materials.
porous
leachate pipes
pipes that are placed at the bases of landfills in order to remove liquids that accumulate at the bottom
What is the point of monitoring wells?
to test to see if groundwater has been contaiminated
In some large __________________, electrical power generating facilities are put in operation to make good use of this energy source.
landfills
What is the most common substance found in municipal landfills? The second?
paper; plastic
Landfills are constructed to be so _______-and ___________-tight that material which normally biodegrades does not.
air; water
What are some problems often associated with landfills?
-lack of biodegradability
-noise from trucks and heavy equipment
-dust
-odor
-groundwater contamination
-difficulty in finding locations for new landfills
What is the problem concerning landfills?
the resistance from people toward accepting landfills in areas where they live
Operators looks for _______________________________ and _______________________ desperate areas to build wind farms.
poorly educated; economically
What is a common thing for companies to say once a landfill space is consumed? Why is this tricky?
ownership of the area will revert back to the country; it may take years before groundwater is contaminated, and the company may be long gone
Organized crime is involved in the illegal handling of ______________ materials.
waste
What are the 4 basic activities you can do with garbage?
-compost
-recycle
-incinerate
-landfill
With incineration, you have _________ pollution hazards, and the ________ is quite toxic.
air; ash
What is the number one means of reducing the garbage problem?
creating less waste at the source
(Ex. reduce packaging materials)
If you bury steel drums of a chemical in the ground, it may be _______ or so years before you feel the effects.
20
What is another name for the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act?
Superfund
When was the "Superfund" passed?
1980
Superfund
A fund created by Congress in 1980 to clean up hazardous waste sites. Money for the fund comes from taxing chemical products.
Why did the superfund not work well?
much of the money goes into legal fights about who is responsible for the toxic dumps rather than actually cleaning up the dump
There is a major hazardous waste landfill facility located in _______________, Alabama.
Emelle
Which soda pop container is the most energy-efficient to produce? aluminum, plastic, or glass
sterilized returnable glass bottles
It is cheaper to make plastic from its common raw material, _____________________, rather than to recycle plastic.
petroleum
What does the number in the middle of the triangle on plastic containers and bags represent?
the chemistry of the plastic
1
polyethylene terephthalata
(Ex. soda bottles)
2
high-density polyethylene
(Ex. milk jugs)
3
polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
(Ex. pipe, containers)
4
low-density polyethylene
(Ex. grocery bags, laundry baskets)
5
polypropylene
(Ex. aerosol can tops, toys)
6
polystyrene
(Ex. styrofoam coffee cups, packaging)
7
others
(Ex. specialty salad bags that "breathe")
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