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BIOCHEM lect 25 REVEIW

Terms in this set (15)

Dna contains 2 antiparallel strands of nucleotides joined by
3'-5' phosphodiester linkages
the 2 strands are ___________________________--to one another in which G binds to C with 3 hydrogen bonds, and A to T with only 2 hydrogen bonds
complementary
the double helical structure of DNA consists of 2 helical chains wound around a central axis to form a ________________ double helix
right-handed
Eukaryotic DNA molecules are packaged with histones to form _____________________. (the fundemental unit of chromatin)
nucleosomes
nucleosome core particle is about _____________ base pairs of DNA associated with octamer
146
carry genetic
information from the gene to a ribosome, where the
corresponding protein can then be synthesized
Messenger RNA (mRNA)
an integral part of
ribosomes, accounts for ~80% of RNA in cells
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
carry activated amino acids
to ribosomes for polypeptide synthesis
Transfer RNA(tRNA)
have catalytic activity (catalyze
cleavage of RNA) or associate with proteins to
enhance activity
Small RNA
involves separation of the 2 original strands and synthesis of two new strands using the original strand as templates
Replication
Daughter DNA contains one parental and one newly synthesized strand, do
DNA replication is semiconservative
DNA double helix undwinds at a specific point called an
origin of replication (Ori)
Polynucleotide chains are synthesized in both directions
from the origin of replication; that is, DNA replication is
bidirectional
At each origin of replication, there are two ______________________, points at which new polynucleotide strands are
formed
replication forks
The ____________________ is synthesized continuously in the
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