Psych 200 Chapter 12

Terms in this set (19)

The meaning of work - purpose
- Most people view work as a means for obtaining money and personal growth
- Personal achievement is fulfilled through work based on whether or not meanings can be achieved
Social cognitive career theory (Bandura) - importance of self- efficacy
Career choice is the result of the application of Bandura's social cognitive theory, especially self-efficacy
Millenials changing jobs more frequently
However, they generally have the same level of satisfaction
Reality shock
What is learned in the classroom does not carry over to the real world, and does not represent all a person needs to know
- Best addressed through internships and practicum experiences
Benefits of mentors/coaches at job
- Part teacher, part sponsor, past model, and part counselor who facilitates on the job learning for present and future work
- Helps protege receive credit where due
- High quality relationship can lead to occupational success
- Mentors practice leadership skills and sense of generativity from the relationship

Women and minorities particularly benefit from having a mentor
- Creates higher expectations
- Cultural background of the employee should be incorporated into the relationship
Job satisfaction - factors that contribute to it
- Accumulation of experience
- Stage of career development
- Flexibility to meet family responsibilities
Alienation
When workers feel that what they are doing is meaningless and efforts are devalued
Burnout
The depletion of a person's energy and motivation, loss of occupational idealism, and the feelings of being exploited
Obsessive passion
Makes it hard to not think about the activity, therefore disrupting other areas in a person's life
Harmonious passion
Results when a person feels free (not pressured) to perform the activity
Gender, ethnicity and discrimination at work
- Changing roles in workplace
- Bias & discrimination

Glass ceiling & glass cliff
- Glass ceiling: level to which women may rise in an organization but cannot go beyond
- Glass cliff: a situation where a woman's leadership position is precarious
- Women must take action to be assertive in rising to their rightful place in an organization
- Women should negotiate salary more effectively
- Companies can measure productivity in different ways
Sexual Harassment
- Whether or not an action is considered sexual harassment depends on the situation, people involved, and the setting
- 40-50% of women in the european union experience workplace sexual harassment
- 30-40% of women in asia pacific countries experience workplace sexual harassment
Age discrimination
Denying a job or promotion based solely on one's age
Occupational transitions
Job change - voluntary vs. forced to do so

Obsolete skills & retraining needs
- Obsolete skills and economic trends force people out of their jobs
- Skills needed to perform a particular job usually change over time

Career plateau: when promotional advancement is either not possible or not desired by the worker
- Results in lower job satisfaction and commitment
- Retraining programs can help people advance in their occupation or find a new one
Occupational insecurity
Coping strategies
Unemployment
- Impact on mental health, life satisfaction & marital satisfaction
- Greater unemployment rates for ethnic minorities
- Length of unemployment matters
Work and family
Dependent care dilemma
- Unpaid time off to care for dependents with right to return
- Impact on career advancement
- Availability of affordable and quality child/elder care?

- Backup care: Emergency care for dependents so that the employee does not need to lose a day of work
- Results are mixed on whether or not employees at companies with backup care are better off
- Important for companies to allow employees to leave work early to care for family needs without penalties
Juggling multiple roles
Time women spend of chores vs. men
- Women spend more time on chores
- Men have increased the amount of time they spend on housework, but usually only on the weekends and only on tasks they find agreeable

Work family conflict-the feeling of being pulled in multiple directions by incompatible demands from job and family
- Requires a life-stage approach
Dual earner couples
- Equitable division of labor
- Open communication
- Teaching children that men and women can be equally responsible for chores
- Demands highest during peak parenting years
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