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Lecture 4 Review

Terms in this set (29)

Ascending tracts relay information
periphery to the sensory cortex
Gray matter of the spinal cord contains
neuronal cell bodies, unmyelinated axons, and neuroglia
A person with polio has lost the use of his leg muscles. In which area of his spinal cord would you expect the virus-infected motor neurons to be?
anterior gray horns
Which portion of the spinal cord would be affected by a disease that damages myelin sheaths?
funiculus (white columns)
A patient has damage to several spinal nerves. Which of the major divisions of the nervous system has been damaged?
peripheral nervous system
For what anatomical reason does the left side of the brain control motor function on the right side of the body?
decussation of axons
Parkinsons disease manifests which of the following abnormalities?
Excitatory neurons in the basal nuclei become more active, leading to faulty control of voluntary movements
Compression of which nerve bothers other people on long car rides?
sciatic nerve
Spinal nerves are classified as mixed nerves because
they contain both afferent and efferent fibers
Injury to which of the nerve plexuses would interfere with the ability to breathe? What is the major nerve of this plexus?
cervical; phrenic
What is the minimum number of neurons in a reflex arc?
2
Which of these is not an important factor concerning reflexes?
they involve interaction with the cerebrum
You've just touched a hot stove. What type of reflex did you experience? In what way was your brain involved in the reflex?
spinal; it was involved later
During a withdrawal reflex, the limb on the side opposite the stimulus ______. This response is called a __________.
extends; crossed extensor reflex
After injuring her back, Tina exhibits a positive Babinski reflex. What does this imply about Tina's injury?
possible damage to descending tracts in the spinal cord
If a sensation is to reach your conscious awareness, there must be a synapse with a _____ in the _____.
third order neuron; thalamus
How many low motor neurons are required to conduct an action potential from the spinal cord to smooth muscles in the wall of the intestines?
2
Which of these statements does not describe the parasympathetic division of the ANS?
preganglionic axons are very short
Which nerve is responsible for the parasympathetic innervation of the lungs, heart, stomach, liver, pancreas, and parts of the small and large intestines?
vagus nerve
If an individual was poisoned, what physiological changes would occur if the person had an overstimulate of the parasympathetic nervous system?
increased salvitation and l
What physiological changes occur in someone who is confronted by a large, viscous, growling dog?
Increase in heart rate and blood pressure
Which statement is not true with regard to the adrenal medulla?
The preganglionic neuron is very long and releases norepinephrine at the ganglionic synapse
Which neurotransmitter is released by all neurons of parasympathetic division of ANS?
acetylcholine
In the sympathetic division of the ANS, which neurotransitters can be released at the postsynaptic membrane?
all of the above
On the basis of anatomy, how do you distinguish the sympathetic division from the parasympathetic division of the ANS?
both A & C
Which of the following is correct concerning dual innervation from the ANS?
target organs receive information from both the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the ANS
Nociceptors are _________. They are sensitive to ____.
pain receptors; extremes of temperature, mech damage, and chemicals released from injured cells
Baroreceptors are located in _______ and detect changes in ______.
cartoid bodies; pressure
What would happen if the info from proprioceptors in your legs was blocked from reaching the CNS?
both B and C are correct
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