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EOC - US History 60s -Vietnam War

Terms in this set (38)

Great Society
President Johnson legislative agenda
to expand government to help people
Domino Theory
Belief that if one nation in Asia fell to the Communists, then neighboring countries would follow.
Credibility Gap
Lack of trust
The public did not trust the government and thought the war was a bad idea
Vietnamization
President Nixon's policy of replacing American military forces with those of South Vietnam in order for South Vietnam to take over the war effort so that the US could get out of the Vietnam War
Silent Majority
People that Nixon represented. Their needs had not been met. They were quiet but for the war.
Gulf of Tonkin Resolution
Official start of Vietnam war - 1964 Congressional resolution authorizing President Johnson to take military action in Vietnam
26th Amendment
Voting age of 21 lowered to 18 caused by anti-draft protests
John F. Kennedy
President of the US during the Bay of Pigs Invasion and the Cuban Missile Crisis; 1961-1963
John Glenn
first American to orbit the earth 1962
Bay of Pigs Invasion
failed invasion of Cuba in 1961 when a force of 1,200 Cuban exiles, backed by the United States, landed at the Bay of Pigs.
Cuban Missile Crisis
1962 crisis that arose between the United States and the Soviet Union over a Soviet attempt to deploy nuclear missiles in Cuba
Barry Goldwater
Republican candidate for President in 1964, and initial leader of the conservative movement
Lyndon B. Johnson
signed the civil rights act of 1964 into law and the voting rights act of 1965. he had a war on poverty in his agenda. in an attempt to win, he set a few goals, including the great society, the economic opportunity act, and other programs that provided food stamps and welfare to needy families. he also created a department of housing and urban development. his most important legislation was probably medicare and medicaid; became President after JFK was assassinated
Anti-War Movement
this was a protest movement that grew, especially on college campuses, during the Vietnam War
Betty Friedan
1921-2006. American feminist, activist and writer. Best known for starting the "Second Wave" of feminism through the writing of her book "The Feminine Mystique".
Feminist Movement
A social movement whose members advocate equality between men and women in rights and opportunities.
Title IX
A United States law enacted on June 23, 1972 that states: "No person in the United States shall, on the basis of sex, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any education program or activity receiving Federal financial assistance."
Fall of Saigon
Marked the end of the Vietnam War in April, 1975 when North Vietnamese invaded South Vietnam, forcing all Americans left to flee in disarray as the capitol was taken
Beat Generation
Group highlighted by writers and artist who rebelled against conformity of the 50's and the materialism of the ties; stressed spontaneity and spirituality
Roe v. Wade
(1973) legalized abortion on the basis of a woman's right to privacy
NOW
National Organization of Women, 1966, Betty Friedan first president, wanted Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) enforce its legal mandate to end sex discrimination
Women's Liberation Movement
the renewed feminist movement of the late 1960s, which demanded political and economic equality with men
Equal Pay Act
1963 law that required both men and women to receive equal pay for equal work
Tet Offensive
1968, during Tet, the Vietnam lunar new year - Viet Cong and North Vietnamese Army raiding forces attacked provincial capitals throughout Vietnam, even seizing the U.S. embassy for a time. U.S. opinion began turning against the war.
Black Panthers
A black political organization that was against peaceful protest and for violence if needed. The organization marked a shift in policy of the black movement, favoring militant ideals rather than peaceful protest;demanded equal opportunities and repayment for past oppression, claimed the right to carry weapons to protect black neighborhoods
Chicano Mural Movement
Began in the 1960s in Mexican-American barrios throughout the Southwest. Artists began using the walls of city buildings, housing projects, schools, and churches to depict Mexican-American culture.
Roy Benavidez
A war hero of Vietnam, who had been presented with the Congressional Medal of Honor in 1981 by President Reagan.
Vietnam War
communists Vietcong begin guerilla warfare in South Vietnam in an attempt to unified North and South Vietnam; American send US soldiers to support South Vietnamese democracy
American Indian Movement (AIM)
A coalition that fought for Indian rights guaranteed by treaties(broken by the U.S. government many, many times over) and better conditions and opportunities for American Indians.
Mendez v. Westminster
segregation of Mexican American students violated equal protection clause of 14th amendment
Hernandez v. Texas
Supreme Court decision that said it was unconstitutional to keep Mexican Americans off of juries (1954); ruled that Mexican Americans, though not a separate race, were still entitled as a class to protection under the 14th amendment
Delgado vs. Bastrop
made the segregation of Mexican American children in Texas illegal
Edgewood ISD v. Kirby
a landmark case concerning public school finance which led to robin hood school finance plan; required changes in school finance in Texas to increase funding for students in poorer school districts
Detenté
relaxation of tensions between the United States and its two major Communist rivals, the Soviet Union and China
Vietnamization
President Richard Nixons strategy for ending U.S involvement in the vietnam war, involving a gradual withdrawl of American troops and replacement of them with South Vietnamese forces
War Powers Act
1973. A resolution of Congress that stated the President can only send troops into action abroad by authorization of Congress or if America is already under attack or serious threat.
Counterculture
cultural patterns that strongly oppose those widely accepted within a society
Venona Papers
Revealed the identities of several American spies
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