Ch. 2 Balancing Liberty and Order

Terms in this set (29)

French and Indian War

a war in North America between France and Britain (both aided by indian tribes)

a group's refusal to have commercial dealings with some organization in protest against its policies

Boston Massacre

The first bloodshed of the Amercan Revolution, as British guards at the Boston Customs House opened fire on a crowd killing five americans

First Continental Congress

Delagates from all colonies except georgia met to discuss problems with britain and to promote independence

Battles of Lexington and Concord

The battles of Lexington and Concord initiated the Revolutionary War between the American colonists and the British. British governor Thomas Gage sent troops to Concord to stop the colonists who were loading arms. The next day, on April 19, 1775, the first shots were fired in Lexington, starting the war. The battles resulted in a British retreat to Boston

Revolutionary War

A war between the British and the colonists. The colonists wanted to be free of British rule.

Declaration of Independence

the document recording the proclamation of the Second Continental Congress (4 July 1776) asserting the independence of the colonies from Great Britain

love of country and willingness to sacrifice for it

Articles of Confederation

a written agreement ratified in 1781 by the thirteen original states

government by the people

a form of government in which power is in the hands of representatives and leaders are elected by citizens who have the right to vote.

United States Constitution

1787, Continental Congress made a constitution after Articles of Confederation failed; It included a central government divided into three branches (president, Senate, House of Representatives, and Supreme Court) and controlled by checks and balances. The Bill of Rights were ten amendments to the new constitution that guaranteed rights of freedom to citizens; made a national gov't that controlled taxes, army, trade, and currency.

federal system of government

a system in which power is shared among state and national authorities

separation of powers

the division of power among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of government

checks and balances

A system that allows each branch of government to limit the powers of the other branches in order to prevent abuse of power

supporters of the constitution

anti-Federalists

people who opposed the Constitution

a statement of fundamental rights and privileges (especially the first ten amendments to the United States Constitution)

the persons (or committees or departments etc.) who make up a body for the purpose of administering something

strict construction

way of interpreting the Constitution that allows the federal government to take only those actions the Constitution specifically says it can take

loose construction

belief that the government can do anything that the constitution does not prohibit

political party

an organization to gain political power

Marbury v. Madison

established concept of judicial review, first time supreme court declared something 'unconstitutional'

judicial review

review by a court of law of actions of a government official or entity or of some other legally appointed person or body or the review by an appellate court of the decision of a trial court

Louisiana Purchase

The U.S., under Jefferson, bought the Louisiana territory from France, under the rule of Napoleon, in 1803. The U.S. paid $15 million for the Louisiana Purchase, and Napoleon gave up his empire in North America. The U.S. gained control of Mississippi trade route and doubled its size.

a government order imposing a trade barrier

War between the U.S. and Great Britain which lasted until 1814, ending with the Treaty of Ghent and a renewed sense of American nationalism

a long-term economic state characterized by unemployment and low prices and low levels of trade and investment

Missouri Compromise

an agreement in 1820 between pro-slavery and anti-slavery factions in the United States concerning the extension of slavery into new territories

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