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Gravity
Terms in this set (132)
Bill
A proposed law; it can be proposed in either house of Congress, unless it is a tax law. These must be proposed in the House of Representatives
2/3
Number needed in the house or senate to impeach,to appoint, and to pass a law
Veto
Presidents power to stop a bill from becoming a law; can be overturned by congress with a 2/3rds vote, Must be accompanied with a reason, which states why the president doesn't want the bill to be a law
Pocket Veto
Presidents ability to veto by leaving a bill on his desk for 10 days and congress adjourns
Tax Laws
All of these start in the house of representitives
Enumerated Powers
These powers deal with congress. There are 18
Copyrights
Gives exclusive rights for a person to publish a literary, musical, or artistic work.
Patents
Exclusive right to sell, use, or make an invention.
National Guard
State armies
Elastic Clause
Powers given in the constitution which gives congress the ability to stretch the meaning of laws and carry them out
Writ of Habeas Corpus
Has to do with courts.
Law that states that authorities have to bring a person, who is arrested, into court and charge them with a crime, and schedule an appearance date. If that does not happen, then the prisoner has to leave.
Bill of Attainder
Law declaring a person guilty of a crime without a trial.
Free Enterprise
Has to do with commerce. People have a right to trade and make a living.
War Powers Act
Declares that the president has the right to send troops into conflict for 90 days with out congressional approval. After 60 days, congress must approve or they troops will come back.
Congress must be informed in 48 hours if the president acts.
Tax Bills
Must originate in the House of Representatives
Power to delicare war
Congress has the sole power to declare war.
Adjourn
Means to take a break.
Appropriations
Money spent
Congress must approve of all money spent.
Counterfeiting
Making fake money.
Duties
Taxes placed on specific goods.
Legislative
Lawmaking branch of government.
Apportioment
Permission given by the legislative branch to realign seats in the House of Representitives.
Naturalization
The process of becoming an American citizen.
Bankruptcies
When a person is unable to pay their debt, and it is handled in federal court.
Implied Powers
Powers not specifically stated in the constitution, but are implied
Maritime Laws
Laws having to do with the seas.
Quorum
The smallest number of congressmen who must be present to make an official desicion.
State Rights
All rights granted to the states.
☆ if not mentioned, it does not mean that the states doesn't have that right.
Tariff
Tax on imported goods from foreign nations
Treaty
All treaties involving the US must be approved by congress
An agreement between two or more warring nations.
Slave trade
Founders did not want to address slavery in the constitution, counted slaves as 3/5ths of a person, and left law in place for twenty years. After twenty years, they could change the law. Forbid slave trade in Washington D.C.
Washing ton DC
Capital city, placed strategically in between the north and the south.
Bicameral
Meaning two houses, refers to senate and congress.
Census
Happens everyone years to know the population, ethnicity, and education of the US.
Domestic
Home policies
Ex Post Facto
Law that can't penalizes actions that took place before the law was approved.
General Welfare
For the good of the people.
Impeachment
Charging a public official, usually the president, of immoral or unethical conduct, or a crime, ect.
Federal
3 branches of government of all their committees of office and responsibilities.
Speaker of the house
The highest ranking official in the house of Representatives, and a member of the majority party.
Currently John Boehner.
President Pro Temp
Highest ranking member of the Senate.
Currently Patrick Lahny
Qualifications for house/terms
Twenty five years old, seven years a citizen, must live in the state they represent.
Two year term
Qualification for senate /term
Thirty years old, nine years a citizen, live in the state they represent, and elected every six years
Ca's representative
Boxer and Feinstein.
Your representative
Ed Royce
Supreme Court
Highest court in the US, nine justices,
John G Robert- Chief Justice, on,y votes in cases of ties.
Inferior courts
Courts of lower rank.
Judiciary Court
Courts the ability to pass a law and to make sure it is in keeping with the constitution.
US District Courts
One in each state
Us Courts of Appeals
Hears cases that have already been heard.
Qualifications of Surpreme Court
None are listed, but must be appointed by the president and approved by Senate.
Terms of surpreme court
Life
Original jusrisdiction
First court that a case is heard in.
Judicial reveiw
Ability to review laws to make sure they are in keeping with the constitution.
☆Chief Justice John Marshal
Case: Madison vs Marberry
Trial by jury
Right guaranteed by constitution. 12 jurors of a person's peers.
Chief Justice
The "leader" of the surpreme court, only votes in cases of ties
John G Robert.
Appellate Jurisdiction
Hears cases that have been heard already by lower courts.
Petite jury
12 people
Treason
A crime against a persons country, or trying to overthrow a country.
How is treason proved
Two witnesses
Confesses
"Corrupt the blood"
Means that a person who has committed treason is punished as well as his parents and offspring.
Malbury vs Madison
Important decision.
Chief Justice John Marshall established Judicial review.
John Marshall
Know as the "Great Chief Justice" served for 34 years. Controversial
McCulloch vs Maryland
Supported implied powers, which means that the government has certain powers, even thought they are spelled out in the Constitution.
Gibbons vs Ogden
Implied powers case
Boosted congresses powers to regulate interstate commerce.
Dartmouth College vs Woodward
Supreme Court Confirmed that states cannot interfere with private contracts.
・helped create an unified economy
"The Great Cheif Justice"
John Marshall
Witness
Someone who can testify in a case brava use they have either seen or heard something that pertains to it.
Bail
Amount of money or other property given to the court to secure the release of an accused person until the time of trial.
Capital crime
A crime for which a death penalty can be given.
Counsel
Someone who helps a person with advice in a legal case or court of law.
Defendent
A person against whom a civil or criminal action is brought in court.
Appeal
To take a case to a higher court for review, usually done by the losers in a trial
Grand jury
A jury that decides whether there is enough evidence to charge a person in a crime.
Indictment
When a grand jury formally accuses some one of committing a crime.
Arraignment
When charges are made against a person in court.
Executive branch
Article two. Carries out laws.
Qualifications for vice peresident and president
35 years old, naturally born citizen.
Terms of office for president and VP
Four years
Term of office
Two terms , four year terms, 10 years maxed.
Term limit for president
Two terms max
Chief diplomat
Deals with all all foreign nations , makes treaties.
(President)
Chief of state
Dealing will all foreign nations.
(President)
Legislative leader
Suggests laws, especially in State of the Union speech.
Electors
Elect president, make up electoral college, each state has the number of people in the House of Representatives plus two.
Electoral collage
Made up of electors. Elects the president.
President's salary
400,000(lifetime), plus a 150,000 expense account
VP's Salaary
181,000 and 10,000 expense account
Order of succession to the president
President, VP,Speaker of the house, president pro temp, Secretary of State, cabinet.
Oath of office
President, as well as all officers, to defend and protect our nation.
Commander in chief
President, and he is in charge of all military things.
Cabinet
Presidential advisors, approved by the senate.
Pardon
President's ability to release someone from a punishment of crime.
Treaties
Official Agreements between two or more nations.
Appointments
when a president chooses a person to serve in some official role,big jobs have to go through approvement process
State of the Union Adress
Must be given once a year. Usually given in Jan. Uses it as a platform to introduce laws that he believes in.
Official host of the US
Another job of the president.
United States vs Nixion
Supreme court ruled unanimously that the president must turn over the tapes from the Oval Office for their criminal investigation it was not "executive privilege"
White house
Home of the president.
Amendment 12
Changed the way the president was elected, and the Vice President. To ensure that they President and VP didn't come form different parties,also said that VP must have same requirements as President.
Amendment 25
Presidential ability and disability. Stated the role of VP
Stated what to do with VP vancancies, and president disabilities
Amendment 22
Limits the number of presidential terms to two, after FDR
President of the senate
VP, but since the VP is rarely there, the president pro temp takes over.
Anti federalist
Someone who did not support the constitution because it did not have a bill o rights
Ratify
To approve
Nations first VP
John Adams
Know dem amendments
KNOW DEM
Most Americans were
Farmers
Article of confederation
First constitution; weak and ineffective
Republic
Government in which citizens rule though elected representatives.
Daniel shay, shay rebellion
Lead a rebellion of farmers against the federal government because they were seizing farmers lands
James Madison
Father of constitution
New Jersey father
Plan that favored small states
Virginia plan
Favored large states
Three fifth compromise
Delegates agreed that blacks would be 3/5th of a person
Ratification of the constitution
9 out of 13
Impeachment
Senate does the case
House- brings charges
Congress
Makes laws and amendments
States electoral votes
Representatives plus Senators
Leaders of the senate
Vote in case of a tie
Final court of appeals
Supreme court
Preamble
We the people,
Year constitution was ratified
1788
Congress has the power to establish black
Lower courts
First ten amendments
Bill of rights
How many total amendments
27
Know checks and balances for essay
KNOW IT LIKE REALLY BRAAAH
Most powerful law in the US
The Constitution
How many members in congress
100 in senate
435 in House of Reps
535 in all
Miranda rights
The rights given to an accused person
Lame duck
Person who is going out of office
Impeached president
Clinton and Johnson
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