Lithosphere AS

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porosity
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Terms in this set (27)
porosity
The percentage of the total volume of a rock or sediment that consists of open spaces.
metamorphic
A type of rock that forms from an existing rock that is changed by heat, pressure, or chemical reactions.
sedimentary rock
a rock that forms from compressed or cemented layers of sediment
igneous
a type of rock that forms from the cooling of molten rock at or below the surface
intrusive
a type of ingneous rock that generally contains large crystals and forms when magma cools slowly beneath Earth's surface.
extrusive
Igneous rock that forms from lava on Earth's surface
deposition
Process in which sediment is laid down in new locations.
lithification
The process that converts sediments into solid rock by compaction or cementation.
mantle convection
a recurring current in the mantle that occurs when hotter, less dense material rises, cools, and then sinks again. This current is believed to be one of the driving forces behind tectonic plate movement.
epicenter
the point on the Earth's surface directly above the focus of an earthquake
ocean trenchA steep, long depression in the deep-sea floor that runs parallel to a chain of volcanic islands or a continental marginmid-ocean ridgeAn undersea mountain chain where new ocean floor is produced; a divergent plate boundary.Oldest mountain range in the US (one of the oldest anywhere)AppalachianOne of the youngest mountain rangesHimilayan mountainsmost powerful weathering forcewaterhow the Grand Canyon was formedweathering by water over a long period of timeWhat is happening to the Pacific Ocean?It is shrinking because of tectonic plate movementWhat is happening at the Mid-Atlantic Ridge?the seafloor is growing as the plates spreadAn example of igneous rockgranitemagmaMolten rock beneath the earth's surfacelavaMagma that reaches Earth's surfacecementingProcess that turns sediment into hard rock when a binding material bonds the clay, pebbles, sand, and rocks.weathering that changes the make up of the rockchemical weatheringmoving sedimentserosiontransform boundaryA plate boundary where two plates move past each other in opposite directionsdivergent boundaryA plate boundary where two plates move away from each other.convergent boundaryA plate boundary where two plates move toward each other.