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Honors World Studies Semester 2 Test #14 (Domsitz) 5/14/19

Terms in this set (36)

Germany, ignoring its treaty that guaranteed ______________ neutrality, struck through ______________ into France. Now _____________, which had a defense agreement with France, plunged in against Germany.
Belgium, Belgium, England
_____________ and _____________ joined the Central Powers _______________ and _____________ _______________. Later __________ and __________ came to the side of the allies.
Bulgaria, Turkey, Germany, Austria Hungary, Japan, Italy
It is not surprising that Americans did not foresee the vast and tragic battle that would massacre millions, topple kings, and spark half a dozen revolutions. They took for granted that the bloody _________ ________, 50 years in the past, was the last time many Americans would be called into battle.
Civil War
On August 4, 1914, President ________________ _____________ proclaimed ________________ of the US, but most Americans including the president were drawn by powerful unseen forces to the ___________ cause.
Woodrow Wilson, neutrality, British
Early in the war the __________ cut the Transatlantic cable that brought news to the US directly from Germany. After that all news from Europe was channeled through _____________, this gave the British a great advantage.
British, England
There were millions of people in the US who favored the Central Powers because they or their parents had been born in _______________, ____________, and ______________.
Germany, Austria, Hungary
Even some German Americans did not approve of Germany's actions. ____________ ______________ had made so many warlike statements that many Americans saw Germany as a militaristic nation.
Kaiser Wilhelm
There were great ___________________ advantages to staying out of war. Over the years, the nations of the world had agreed to a set of rules for the use of seas. By these rules, when a war broke out the neutral nations were still allowed to trade with both sides.
Commercial
Waring nations by ___________________ _______ were allowed to stop and inspect neutral vessels at sea. This was to make sure they weren't ships of enemy hiding under neutral flags.
International law
The waring nations were allowed to seize certain war materials called ___________________-_________________, _________, and ___________________, even from neutral ships. They were not suppose to seize other goods carried by neutrals.
Contraband, explosives, guns, ammunition
Such rules as these were what people meant by ______________________ _______. There was no court or police force to make nations obey, but the rules were still called laws because so many people believed they ought to be obeyed. The special rights of neutrals on the ocean were called _______________ _____ _____ ________.
International law, freedom of the seas
Most important was a new kinds of ship, the _________________. Its great strength was the ___________ ____ ______________. Its weakness was that it was ________ ________________ and _________ ____ _________.
Submarine, power to surprise, thin skinned, easy to sink
To insist that all waring nations still had to follow the old rules, would make the _________________useless. This would not have bothered ____________ who had the greatest surface navy in the world, but for Germany with its ______________ _________, __________________ made all the difference.
Submarine, Britain, smaller navy, submarines
Britain continued to use control of the seas to ____________ ________________ _______ ____________________. The British government changed or interpreted rules of war to seize its needs.
Starve Germany into submission
On February 4, 1915, the Germans declared waters around the ___________ __________ to be a war zone. They warned neutral vessels against the danger of entering this zone in which their _____________________ (_____________) would operate freely.
British Isles, Unterseeboote, Uboats
The Germans even advertised in American newspaper urging Americans not to travel on British ships, but Woodrow Wilson insisted that under _____________________ ______ Americans had the right to sail on any ships, even those of Britain.
International law
Germany went ahead with its campaign of terror. On the afternoon May 7, 1915, the British luxury liner _______________ was torpedoed without warning off the coast of Ireland by a German submarine. The ship went down in 18 minutes, taking with it ___________ people including 128 Americans. This luxury liner tried to appear neutral by ____________ ____ _________________ ______, but it was actually carrying 4,200 cases of ___________ _______ ____________________ and 1,250 _______________ _________.
Lusitania, 1,198, flying, the American flag, small arms ammunition, shrapnel cases
The pace of events was now quickening. On March 15 a revolution in Russia drove ________ ______________ ______ from the throne.
Tsar Nicholas II
On April 2, 1917, before a special session of congress, Woodrow Wilson ___________ ______ ____ ___________________ ____ ________ ___________ _________________. He no longer spoke merely about neutral rights but stated, "________ ____________ __________ _____ __________ ________ ______ ___________________.
Asked for a declaration of war against Germany, the world must be made safe for democracy
What would happen if imperial Germany drove the British from the sea?
A: The US would have to replace sea power B: with a strong C: and costly navy of its own
____________ ____________ in Europe was like nothing ever seen before. When the war broke out in 1914 both German and French generals had their own plans for a knockout blow to end the war in a hurry. This warfare was __________________ ____________.
Trench Warfare, stationary warfare
The new ______________ ________ and ________________ __________ were deadly accurate against the attack. Very soon both armies had to go on the _______________.
Machine guns, automatic rifles, defensive
Out of filth and fatigue arose new ailments which came to be called ____________ ___________, ____________ _________, and ____________ ___________.
Trench fever, trench foot, trench mouth
____________ _______ blistered the skin, burned the eyes and corroded the lungs.
Poison gas
The heavy, ceaseless artillery fire created a new mental disorder called ________ __________.
Shell shock
The hope of trench warfare was always to force a gap so that your troops could pour through and attack the whole enemy line from the rear, but advancing soldiers were tangled and torn apart in ______________ _______, then mowed down by ____________ _________________ _______ ________.
Barbed wire, deadly machine gun fire
Still the French lost ____ ____________ _______ ____ _________ _________ in 1915 and another ____________ in 1916. At the battle of ___________, which lasted for 5 months in 1916, the Germans lost more men than had been killed during the whole 4 years of the __________________ _________ _________.
A million and a half men, million, Somme, American Civil War
Never before had so many men been slaughtered so rapidly or so senselessly . Before the war was over, the soldiers killed on both sides would number _____ ____________ and another _____ ____________ civilians would die from ___________ (which was primarily the Spanish Influenza) , _________________, and the __________________ that grew out of the war.
10 million, 10 million, disease, starvation, revolutions
When the United States finally plunged in, both sides were weary and sick of the bloodshed. The Germans were near victory. They had made peace with the Russians and now could ___________________ _____ _________ _________ _____ _____ ______________ __________.
Concentrate all their forces on the western front
But the Americans did come in time. At the end of May, the second and third divisions of the _________________ _______________________ __________ were sent into action. They fought bravely at ______________ ____________ and ____________, near _______________ ______________.
American Expeditionary Force, Belleau Wood, Vaux, Chateau Thierry
By August, an American army of half a million under general __________ _____ ________________ advanced against the Germans on the southern front.
John J Pershing
After a bloody battle in October, the Americans advanced to ____________, 50 miles behind the trenches that the Germans had held for 3 years.
Sedan
The German generals and their leader ___________ ______________ had made a bad mistake. They had not imagined that _________________ _______ at the last moment could __________ _____ __________.
Kaiser Wilhelm, American help, turn the tide
The United States lost ______________ men in action in the bloodiest war yet in history, a first world war- it ended with the ______________ _____ ________________ ______, __________.
50,280, armistice on November 11, 1918
Which countries of Europe had remained neutral by the time the war ended?
Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Holland, Spain, Switzerland (Only need to know 3)
In the opening battles in 1914, even before the trenches were dug, each side lost half a million men-more then there had been in the entire German army 50 years before. Then during 1915 the British and French did not advance more than _____ __________ at any point.
3 miles
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