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Ap prep

Key Concepts:

Terms in this set (26)

Osman
Chief of Ghazi (Ottomans)
Devshirme System (Ottoman)
Ottomans required Christians to contribute slaves
Babur
Founder of Mughal (Mongol) Empire, claimed descendent of Chinggis Khan
Akbar (Babur's grandson)
Religious toleration-millets
Women's rights-gave advice
Golden age-revival of Islamic Law
Westernization
Janissaries
Soldiers from Devshirme system
Suleyman (Ottoman)
Followed Sharia-Islamic Law
Conquered Constantinople turned it to Istanbul
Conquered key trade cities for their goods and routes
Impacts of the Ottoman
Spice price goes up leading to exploration
Topkaki Palace
In Istanbul, housed government offices
Millet
Used by Ottomans to keep peace and prevent religious tension
Shah Jahan
Mughal ruler-monumental architecture-Taj Mahal
Fall of Mughal
Aurangzeb facing large debts
Religious tension-end of religious toleration
Gunpowder Empires
Muslim empires of the Ottomans, Safavids, and the Mughals that employed cannonry and gunpowder to advance their military causes.
Exploration causes
Search for resources
Establish new trade routes
Spread Christianity
Circumstances of exploration
New faster routes
Initiative to spread Christianity after the Reconquista ends
Invention of nautical tech.-Chinese compass, Lateen sails from Arabs, Chinese sternpost rudder, astrolabe
Navigators
Bartolomeu Dias was first from Portugal, Prince Henry the Navigator w/ his school (Portugal) , Vasco Da Gama for Portugal, Christopher Columbus, Ferdinand Magellan for Spain going around the world
Chinese and Japanese reactions to W. Europe
Nobunaga centralizes
Hideyoshi hesitates
Japan isolates - Japan says no to everyone except Dutch (port of Nagasaki) - 1635 national seclusion policy- ban foreigners and Christianity
China believe they're better than Europe, jealous Europe is catching up, participates in trade with Europe for Peanuts, Maize, and sweet potatoes for silver also porcelain, tea, and silk
Zheng He - flexing with his boats that Europe is still good (prom analogy)
Exploring countries
First Portugal, other countries include: Britain, Spain, Dutch, France
Treaty of Tordesillas (1494)
Pope splits land between Portugal and Spain on the line of demarkation cutting Brazil and China. This is the reason why Cortes conquers the Aztecs and why Pizzaro conquers the Inca. Also the reason why Spain has the Philippines. Africans enslaved by the Asante, Benin, and Dahomey go through the middle passage to Brazil and the Caribbean Islands. But, Africans get food so the pop increases. The slaves work on haciendas or sugar plantations
Spanish social pyramid (Castas system)
Peninsulares-People born in Europe
Creoles-Their kids
Native Americans and Africans but part Creole
Native Americans and Africans
Brazil
Conquered by Cabral, slaves sent to haciendas
Context of exploration
Gold , Glory , God, Trade-crusades, hanseatic league, Technology
Effects of trade
Major decrease in population in South America, disease, slavery
Columbian exchange pop increase in Africa, Irelands pop increases, Latin America gets Bobs, land exploited because of mercantilism, Las Casas encourages African slave trade
Joint Stock Companies
Spread out risk of explorations failing and if they succeed everyone makes money
Protestant Reformation
Martin Luther dislikes church greed and luxury so he writes 95 complaints spreaded by the printing press. Believed that all one needed was faith and the bible not even priests.
John Calvin
Calvinists believe predestination.
Counter reformation
Pope and society of jesuits convert people, clarify christianity, and stop the spread of the reformation.
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