chapter 40 Antiviral Drugs NCLEX ?

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The nurse is obtaining a medication history from an 18-year-old female patient who has been diagnosed with genital herpes. Which drug would the nurse expect this patient to be prescribed?
A. amantadine (Symmetrel)
B. acyclovir (Zovirax)
C. zidovudine (Retrovir)
D. ribavirin (Virazole)
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Terms in this set (11)
The nurse is obtaining a medication history from an 18-year-old female patient who has been diagnosed with genital herpes. Which drug would the nurse expect this patient to be prescribed?
A. amantadine (Symmetrel)
B. acyclovir (Zovirax)
C. zidovudine (Retrovir)
D. ribavirin (Virazole)
B. acyclovir (Zovirax)

Acyclovir is the drug of choice to treat herpes simplex infections. Ribavirin is effective against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), zidovudine against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and amantadine against Haemophilus influenzae type A.
The dose-limiting toxicity of ganciclovir treatment is assessed by monitoring
A. liver function tests (LFTs).
B. complete blood count (CBC).
C. blood urea nitrogen (BUN).
D. creatine phosphokinase (CPK).
B. complete blood count (CBC)

Bone marrow suppression is a dose-limiting toxicity of ganciclovir; therefore, CBC should be monitored
Medications used to treat HIV infections are more specifically classified as
A. antifungal drugs.
B. antiviral drugs.
C. antiretroviral drugs.
D. antiparasitic drugs.
C. antiretroviral drugs

HIV is a member of the retrovirus family; therefore drugs used to treat this virus are classified as antiretroviral drugs. Although antiretroviral drugs also fall under the broader category of antiviral drugs in general, their mechanisms of action are unique to the AIDS virus. So, they are more commonly referred to by their subclassification as antiretroviral drugs
How is the effectiveness of antiviral drugs administered to treat HIV infection assessed and evaluated?
A. Megakaryocytes
B. Red blood cell counts
C. Lymphocyte counts
D. Viral load
D. Viral load

All antiretroviral drugs work to reduce the viral load, which is the number of viral RNA copies per milliliter of blood
Which statement, if made by a patient with HIV infection, demonstrates a need for continued patient teaching?
A. "I will change my position slowly to prevent dizziness and potential injury."
B. "I must take these medications exactly as prescribed for the rest of my life."
C. "I don't need to use condoms as long as I take my medication as prescribed."
D. "I should remain upright for 30 minutes after taking my zidovudine."
C. "I don't need to use condoms as long as I take my medication as prescribed."

Antiretroviral drugs do not stop the transmission of HIV, and patients need to continue standard precautions
When providing health promotion teaching at a senior citizen center, the nurse would include information about which medication used to decrease the duration of influenza A and B?
A. oseltamivir (Tamiflu)
B. ganciclovir (Cytovene)
C. enfuvirtide (Fuzeon)
D. indinavir (Crixivan)
A. oseltamivir (Tamiflu)

Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) and zanamivir (Relenza) are active against influenza virus types A and B and have been shown to reduce the duration of influenza infection by several days.
A new vaccination, Zostavax, has been approved to prevent the development of what condition in adults over the age of 50?
A. Herpes simplex
B. Herpes zoster
C. Influenza A
D. Avian influenza
B. Herpes zoster

Zostavax is a new vaccination developed and approved for use in adults over the age of 50 to prevent the onset or outbreak of herpes zoster (shingles)
most significant drug interactions with use of antivirals occur when antivirals are administered via which route?
A. Topically
B. Rectally
C. Intravenously
D. Optically
C. Intravenously

Significant drug interactions that occur with antiviral drugs arise most often when they are administered via systemic routes such as intravenously and orally. Many of these drugs are also applied topically to the eye or body, however, and the incidence of drug interactions associated with these routes of administration is much lower
The nurse is aware that viruses can enter the body through various routes. By which methods can viruses enter the body? (Select all that apply.)
A. Inhalation through the respiratory tract
B. Ingestion via the gastrointestinal (GI) tract
C.Transplacentally from mother to infant
D.Through an animal bite
ALL
Viruses can enter the body through at least four routes: inhalation through the respiratory tract, ingestion via the GI tract, transplacentally via mother to infant, and inoculation via skin or mucous membranes. The inoculation route can take several forms, including sexual contact, blood transfusions, sharing of syringes or needles, organ transplantation, and animal bites (including human, animal, insect, spider, and others).
Which types of antiviral drugs are used to treat HIV infection? (Select all that apply.)
A.CorrectNonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors
B. Protease inhibitors
C. Reverse transcriptase inhibitors
D. Fusion inhibitors
E. Neuraminidase inhibitors
A, B, C, D
Neuraminidase inhibitors are used in the treatment of the influenza virus
Before administration of any antiviral medication, what nursing care would be performed? (Select all that apply.) A. Head-to-toe physical assessment B. Documentation of known allergies C. History of medication use D. Monitoring for adverse effects E. Baseline vital signsA, B,C,E Before administering an antiviral drug, perform a thorough head-to-toe physical assessment and take a medical and medication history. Document any known allergies before use of these and any other medications. Also assess the patient’s baseline vital signs because of the profound effects of viral illnesses on physiologic status, especially if the patient is immunocompromised. Assess and document any contraindications, cautions, and drug interactions associated with all of the antiviral drugs. Monitoring for adverse effects would occur after the medication has been administered