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VUS SOL Review Flashcards

Terms in this set (190)

Who were the leading opponents to ratification of the Constitution of 1787?
Anti-federalists
Which came first- the Constitutional Convention or the Continental Congress?
Continental Congress
List the industrial leaders for-
-Finance
-Oil
-Railroads
-Steel
JP Morgan
Rockefeller
Vanderbilt
Carnegie
Who was Lincoln's successor?
Andrew Johnson
What were some of the occupations in the early middle colonies?
trading, entrepreneurship and small scale farming
Name three Communist spies convicted during the Cold War.
Alger Hiss, Julius and Ethel Rosenberg
What were the key ideas of the Fourteen Points?
Self-determination, freedom of the seas, League of Nations, Mandate System
What was the time period of the Cold War?
End of WWII-1945, Collapse of Soviet Union, 1889-1991
Who fought in "Miracle of Midway" and who was victorious?
US vs. Japan, US won
When was the Monroe Doctrine issued? What was it intended to do?
1823, end colonization by European countries in the Western Hemisphere
Adolph Hitler was the dictator of what country?
Germany
What were some of the reasons that people moved west in the 1800s?
Economic and Land opportunities, Manifest Destiny
After what war did the United States annex Puerto Rico and the Philippines?
Spanish American War
Name two members of NAACP Legal Defenses Team during the Brown v. Board of Education era.
Thurgood Marshall, Oliver Hill
What were the Articles of Confederation?
Our first attempt at government
Who said "A house divided against itself cannot stand"
Abraham Lincoln
On what principles did the Puritans form their "covenant community"?
Religious
Which president initiated full diplomatic relations with Vietnam- and lifted economic sanctions when apartheid ended in South Africa?
William Clinton
When was the United Nations formed?
Near the end of WWII, October 24, 1945
What president was defeated by centrist William J. Clinton after only one term in office?
George H.W. Bush
What was the spoils system?
A practice of using public office to benefit members of the victorious party
What was the House of Burgesses?
1st Representative government in US
Who was the opposition party to the Federalists' after the Jay Treaty and other related events?
Democratic-Republicans
What were some of the "cash crops" grown in early Virginia and the Southern colonies for export to Europe?
Tobacco, Indigo
Many Japanese were placed into these camps during World War II.
Internment Camps
Under what president did he American buildup in Vietnam begin?
John Kennedy
What kind of government did West Germany form after WWII? How about Japan?
Democratic
What was the proclamation of 1763?
Did not allow colonists to settle west of the Appalachian mountains
Who vetoed the rechartering of the bank of the United States in 1832?
Andrew Jackson
What was one way the Southern states were placated during the Constitutional Convention?
No mention of slavery, 3/5 compromise
Who makes monetary policy decisions that control the supply of money and credit impacting the nation's economic growth?
Federal Reserve
Who was the author of the Bill of Rights? What two documents influenced him?
James Madison
VA Declaration of Rights, VA Statute for Religious Freedom
What was the "Great Awakening"?
Religious movement that swept Europe and the Colonies during the mid 1700s
What were some of the features of the New Deal?
Relief, Recovery, Reform
True or False?
Thomas Paine was a German immigrant.
False
During the Gilded Age what were the businessmen who dominated industries and amassed huge personal fortunes called?
Robber Barons
What forced President Nixon out of office?
The Watergate Scandal
Who has the power to decide if legislative acts or executive actions exceed the authority of the US Constitution?
Judicial Branch
What were two wars during George W. Bush's presidency?
Iraq and Afghanastan
Where did Lee surrender to Grant? In what year?
Appomattox Courthouse, 1865
Who was president when the Louisiana Purchase was made? What year was the purchase?
Thomas Jefferson
Which constitutional amendment ensures all citizens the right to vote regardless of race, color, or previous servitude?
15th Amendment
After WWII did the communist countries of China and the Soviet Union become allies or rivals?
Rivals
What act expanded the Sherman Anti-Trust Act? What did it do?
Clayton Anti-Trust, Allowed unions to exist
What were some of the problems created by the rapid growths of cities?
Housing shortages and the need for public services such as sewage, water, and transportation
Which amendment gave women the right to vote?
19th
Name a black abolitionist who encouraged Lincoln to recruit former enslaved African Americans for the Union Army?
Frederick Douglas
In which battle was Hitler defeated by the British preventing access to Middle Eastern oil supplies?
El Alamein
Which two acts limited immigration in the years following the Civil War?
Chinese Exclusion Act and Immigration Restriction Act of 1921
Where did Puritans first settle in the New World? Why did the leave England?
Plymouth, for religious freedoms
When did World War I begin in Europe? How long did America remain neutral in that war?
1914, 3 years
What was the compromise that admitted California as a free state?
Compromise of 1850
What oral communication code during WWII did the Japanese find impossible to break?
Navajo language codes talkers
Which was the only colony that did not attend the First Continental Congress?
Georgia
The Middle Atlantic region was settled chiefly by what groups of people?
Dutch, German, British
What were some areas in which the Progressives made accomplishments?
Reform is local/state government elections, child labor, unions. suffrage, anti-trust laws
Who believed that the Civil War was a "Second American Revolution"?
Abraham Lincoln
What was Virginia's response to Brown v. Board of Education?
Massive Resistance
During the Cuban Missile Crisis, who put missiles in Cuba? What was the year?
Soviet Union, 1962
Who had a reform package called the Square Deal?
Teddy Roosevelt
Which states's economy probably benefited most from the heavy military expenditures during the Cold War?
Virginia
Name two responses that the United States made to terrorism.
Patriot Act and military actions
What was the first American presidential election where power was peacefully transferred from one party to another?
1800
What countries occupied West Germany after World War II?
United States, Great Britain, France
What was the Homestead Act of 1862?
Gave public land in the West to settlers to live and farm
Who felt that the abolition of slavery would destroy their economy?
Southerners
What gave America a claim to the Oregon Territory?
War of 1812
When were the first Africans brought against their will to Jamestown?
1619
Who favored high tariffs during the pre-Civil War era?
Northerners
What was one of England's main reasons for taxing the colonies?
French and Indian War
Where did American POWs suffer brutal treatment by the Japanese after their surrender in the Philippines?
Bataan Death March
Who was president during World War I?
Woodrow Wilson
What were some of the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation?
Weak central government, No power to tax, No judicial or executive branch
What was the "Great Migration" in the early 20th Century?
Many African Americans traveled to Northern cities in search of jobs and to escape poverty and discrimination in the South
What was the starting point of World War II?
Germany invaded Poland
Who wrote Common Sense?
Thomas Paine
What were some ways that the United States government and industry worked to allocate resources during WWII?
Rationing
What was the first war where American women could serve? When was this war?
Persian Gulf War 1990-1991
Who believed that equality for African Americans could be achieved through vocational education?
Booker T Washington
What was the Truman Doctrine?
Containment of Communism
What battle was the turning point of the Civil War?
Gettysburg
What document states that people have a right to change a government if it violates their rights?
Declaration of Independence
Which court case ruled on interstate travel (steamboats) as being under the court's jurisdiction- expanding the Court's authority?
Gibbons v. Ogden
What drew an east-west line through the Louisiana Purchase pertaining to slavery?
Missouri Compromise
When the Federalist Party disappeared, what two new parties were organized?
Democratic Republicans and Whigs
What was the forced march called that relocated American Indians far away from their homes?
Trail of Tears
Which constitutional amendment banned slavery?
13th amendment
Who proposed an Open Door Policy to give all nations equal trading rights with China?
Secretary of States John Hay
What opened the door to the "Jim Crow Era"?
Plessy v. Ferguson
List the inventors:
-telephone
-light bulb
-airplane
-assembly line
Alexander Graham Bell
Thomas Edison
Wright Brothers
Henry Ford
Who were the Tories? What was another name for the Tories?
Supported the British, Loyalist
Name three strikes of the labor unions during the Progressive Era.
Haymarket, Homestead, Pullman
A legacy for the government to deliver public services and intervene in the economy came from what Depression act?
New Deal
What were some of the internal problems of the Soviet Union that may have caused its collapse?
Revolution, Weak Economy
What was the economy of the Appalachian foothills based upon?
small scale farming
How did the American cowboy get his cattle to market in the late 1800s?
Cattle Drives
Compare the lives of indentured servants and enslaved Africans
temporary to permanent
What speech ends with... "government of the people, by the people, for the people shall not perish from the earth"?
Gettysburg Address
Who was the Union general who won victories over the South after several Union commanders had failed?
Ulysses S. Grant
Whose presence at the Battle of Yorktown benefited the Patriots leading to an American victory?
the French
Which constitutional amendment called for the direct election of United States senators?
17th amendment
At what event did the delegates from the colonies first act together to discuss problems with Great Britain and promote independence?
1st Continental Congress
Who was the President of the Confederate States of American during the Civil War?
Jefferson Davis
What religious groups helped settle New Jersey and Pennsylvania?
Presbyterians and Quakers
What was an emphasis in the "Virginia Plan"? Who wrote it?
Size matters, James Madison
What was President Taft's policy urging American banks and businesses to invest in Latin America called?
Dollar Diplomacy
What was the Boston Massacre?
British soldiers fired on demonstrators
True or False
The United States joined the League of Nations
False
What were the "Jim Crow" laws?
separate but equal
Who played an important role in the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965?
Lyndon B. Johnson
Who were two early leaders of the Democratic-Republicans?
Thomas Jefferson and James Madison
Whose new political ideas of natural rights influenced the Declaration of Independence?
John Locke
Who was W.E.B. DuBois?
Helped found NAACP, believed in complete equality
Who opposed secession but did not believe that the Union should be held together by force?
Robert E. Lee
Who were the "Cavaliers"?
Rich white guys, English nobility who received large land grants from the King in Virginia
What caused the Japanese to surrender during WWII?
Atomic Bombs
After what war did California and the southwest territory become part of the United States?
Mexican-American War
Name an immigrant group that helped with the building of the Transcontinental Railroad.
Chinese
Who was the first astronaut to
a) orbit the Earth?
b) to step on the moon's surface?
a) John Glenn
b) Neil Armstrong
After the Civil War where did many of the European immigrants first enter America?
Ellis Island
Who negotiated a Treaty of Alliance with France during the Revolutionary War?
Benjamin Franklin
What was the strategy used by the Allies in Europe during WWII called?
Defeat Hitler First
Who was the publisher of The Liberator?
William Lloyd Garrison
Who was the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court that established judicial review? What was the court case?
John Marshall, Marbury vs. Madison
What Enlightenment thinker greatly influenced the American belief in self-government?
John Locke
Who wrote the Virginia Declaration of Rights?
George Mason
Who took over the rule of Cuba in the late 1950s?
Fidel Castro
What did the Dred Scott decision do?
Outlawed the Missouri Compromise, made Northerners mad
Where were the first armed conflicts of the Revolutionary War?
Lexington and Concord
Which came first- the Constitution or the Declaration of Independence?
Declaration
Where is Pearl Harbor? When was it bombed?
Hawaii, December 7, 1941
What was "popular sovereignty"?
You rule yourself
Name the main two countries involved in the French and Indian War in North America.
Great Britain and France
Which state was founded by dissenters fleeing persecution by the Puritans in Massachusetts?
Rhode Island
Who personified the "democratic spirit" of the age by challenging the economic elites?
Andrew Jackson
What is genocide?
systematic destruction of a racial, political, or religious group
Who presided over the Constitutional Convention?
George Washington
What was McCarthyism? For whom was it named?
Hunt for communism, Joseph McCarthy
What act repealed the Missouri Compromise? What year was it?
Kansas-Nebraska Act
Name two minority military units who served with distinction during WWII.
Nisei and Tuskegee Airmen
What was the name given by the United States to the land and air operations during the Persian Gulf War?
Desert Storm
What was a popular name for the Tariff Act of 1930?
Tariff of Abomination
How did Robert E. Lee and Abraham Lincoln each feel about secession?
They both did not agree with it
What were some of the causes of the Depression?
Over-speculation, buying on Margin (credit), over extending of credit
What state did the United States acquire from a treaty with Spain?
Florida
Which what alliance was the US associated after WWII? What about the Soviet Union?
NATO, Warsaw Pact
After what battle was the Emancipation Proclamation issued?
Antietam
Who was president when NAFTA was agreed upon? Who are the countries involved in NAFTA?
William Clinton
Canada, US, Mexico
Who was the first President to be impeached? What was the issue?
Andrew Johnson, Fight with Radical Republicans
What was one of the main reasons why many Americans began moving from rural to urban areas?
jobs
What are the first ten amendments to the Constitution called?
Bill of Rights
What act outlawed literacy tests for voting resulting in increased voting among African Americans?
Voting Rights Act
What document made the destruction of slavery a Northern war aim?
Emancipation Proclamation
What played an essential role in assimilating immigrants into American society?
Public Education
What are three ways that the Declaration of Independence principle of economic participation (pursuit of happiness) was extended in the new republic?
1. Free enterprise
2. promote opportunity
3. protect property rights
Who was the major author of the Declaration of Independence?
Thomas Jefferson
Who gave a speech saying, "Give me liberty or give me death"?
Patrick Henry
Who prepared a plan for peace that called for a League of Nations? What was his plan called?
Woodrow Wilson, Fourteen Points
What war in the 20th century bitterly divided the United States in its support, especially on college campuses?
Vietnam War
What was the name of the event where Nazi leaders were convicted of war crimes?
Nuremberg Trials
Name some of the issued related to an immigration policy
-strain on government services
-border issues
-filling low-paying jobs
-bilingual education
-increasing cultural diversity
What was the "Manifest Destiny"?
Belief to own all land from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean
Whose Vice-President was George H.W. Bush?
President Reagan
Which of the early colonies maintained an allegiance to the Church of England, as well as closer social ties to England?
Southern
Name a document (written by Elizabeth Cady Stanton) that called for equal rights for women
Declaration of Sentiments
What was the opening confrontation of the Civil War?
Fort Sumter
How was the balance of power between the large and small states accomplished in the Constitution?
Great Compromise (Connecticut) created a bicameral congress
Who was the "woman" who represented American women working in defense plans during WWII?
Rosie the Riveter
What was Nixon's policy of withdrawing American troops and replacing them with South Vietnamese forces called?
Vietnamization
What Patriot was the general of the American Army during the Revolutionary War?
George Washington
Name some of the technological advances over the last three decades
Space, Communication Technology, Robots, GPS
Who was the first woman to serve on the United States Supreme Court? Who was the second female U.S. Supreme Court Justice?
Sandra Day O'Connor
Ruth Bader Ginsburg
When did Reconstruction end?
1876 with the election of Hayes, Compromise of 1877
What was President Eisenhower's states policy for deterring a Soviet nuclear strike?
Massive Retaliation
What "revolution" is credited with the Republican sweep of congressional elections and statehouses in the 1990s?
Reagan Revolution
Name two early Federalists.
John Adams and Alexander Hamilton
Who was the founder and lang time leader of the American Federation of Labor?
Samuel Gompers
What types of transportation supported the westward movement of settlers?
Canals and then Railroads
Who said, "Mr. Gorbachev, tear down this wall"?
Ronald Reagan
Which court case is known as the doctrine of implied powers?
McCulloch v. Maryland (bank case)
Lincoln's assassination enabled what group to influence the process of Reconstruction?
Radical Republicans
When and where was President John F. Kennedy assassinated?
1963 Dallas, Texas
What was the turning point of World War II in Eastern Europe? Who defeated whom?
D-Day Invasion of Normandy
Allies defeated Germany
How did the Korean War end? When was it?
Stalemate, 1950s
Who argued that the sovereign states could nullify the Tariff of 1832?
South Carolina
What famous trial argued for traditional religion over Darwin's theory of evolution?
The Scopes Trial
What event began the liberation of Western Europe in World War II? When was this?
Battle of Normandy (D-Day) June 6, 1943
What were the two major countries involved in the Cold War?
USA and USSR
From what country did Panama gain independence in the late 1800s?
Colombia
Did the Northerners or the Southerners mostly believe that the national government's power was supreme?
Northerners
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