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Geometry Exam

Terms in this set (53)

Polygon
a figure formed by three or more segments whose endpoints are not col-linear and each segment intersects exactly two other segments one at each endpoint
Trapezoid
a quadrilateral with exactly one pair of parallel sides.
Kite
A quadrilateral that has two pairs of consecutive congruent sides, but opposite sides are not congruent.
Rhombus
A parallelogram with four congruent sides
Square
a parallelogram with four right angles and four congruent sides.
Rectangle
a parallelogram with four right angles
Hypotenuse
The side opposite the right angle in a right triangle. Or the largest in a right triangle.
Transformations
a function or mapping that changes an objects,position, shape, or size.
Rigid Motion
A transformation that preserves distances and angle measures is called rigid motion.
Reflection
A transformation that "flips" a figure over a mirror or reflection line.()
Translation
a transformation that slides a figure in the same distance and direction.
Rotations
moving a figure about a fixed point.
Isometry
A transformation that does not change the size or shape of a figure.()
Similar Polygons
Two polygons whose corresponding angles are congruent and whose corresponding sides are proportional.()
Ratio
A comparison of two quantities of the same unit.
Proportion
an equation formed by setting two ratios equal.
Scale Factor
is the ratio of the lengths of two corresponding sides of similar polygons.
Circle
is the set of all points in a plane that are a given distance, the radius, from a given point, the center.
Chord
A segment whose endpoints lie on a circle.
Radius of a circle
is any segment with one endpoint on the circle and the other endpoint at the center of the circle. Radius can also mean the length of this segment.
Diameter of a circle
a segment that contains the center of the circle and whose endpoints are on the circle. The term diameter can also mean the length of this segment.
Secant
a line that intersects a circle at 2 points.
Tangent to a circle
a line that touches a circle at one spot.
Point of Tangency
is where the tangent and the circle intersect.
Tangent circles
Two coplanar circles that intersect at exactly one point
Concentric circles
lie in the same plane and have the same center.
Congruent Circles
circles whose radii are congruent.
Central angle of a circle
an angle whose vertex is the center of the circle.
Inscribed angle
an angle whose vertex is on a circle and whose sides contain chords of the circle.
Inscribed polygon
A polygon whose vertices lie on a circle.
Semi-circle
half circle.
Major arc
arc that is larger than a semicircle.
Minor arc
is smaller than a semicircle.
circumference
the distance around the circle.
Right Prism
has lateral edges that are parallel to the bases, which makes the lateral faces rectangles.
Oblique Prism
has lateral edges that are not parallel to the base, which makes the lateral faces parallelograms.
Regular Polygon
A polygon with equal angles and equal sides.
Slant Height
the altitude of a lateral face.
Apothem of a Regular polygon
is the distance from the center to a side of the polygon.
Radius of a Regular Polygon
is the segment that joins the center and the vertex of the polygon.
Center of a Regular Polygon
is the center of a circumscribed angle.
Great Circle
The intersection of a sphere and a plane that contains the center of the sphere.
Sector of a circle
Is the region bounded by 2 radii of a circle and their intercepted arc.
Arc Length
a portion of the circumference of a circle.
Sphere
is all the points in spaces that are given distance from a given point(center).
Similar Solids
have corresponding segments with equal ratios.
Volume of a solid
is the number of the cubic units contained in its interior.
Hemisphere
half of a sphere
Pyramid
is a polyhedron in which the base is a polygon and lateral faces are triangles with a common vertex.
Probability
is a number from 0 to 1 that represents the chance that an event will occur.
Geometric Probability
is a probability that involves lengths and areas.
Regular Pyramid
has a regular polygon for the base and its height meets the center of the base.
Cone
A three dimensional shape with a circular base and a vertex opposite the base.
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