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nervous system

Terms in this set (40)

neuron
possess electrical excitability, and ability to respond to stimulus and covert it into an action pontential
neuroglia
support the neurons and undergo mitosis where neurons do not
what are 6 different types of neuroglia and where are they located
astrocytes- CNS
oligodendrocytes- CNS
microglia- CNS
ependymal cells- CNS
schawnn cells- PNS
satellite cells- PNS
astrocytes
supports neurons, transfers nutrients from blood vessels, helps form the blood/brain barrier, cleans synaptic clef
oligodendrocytes
responsible for forming and maintaining the myelin sheath around CNS axons
microglia
functions as phagocytes/ they remove cellular debris formed during normal development of the nervous system and phagocytize microbes and damaged nervous tissue
ependymal cells
produce ,monitor, and assist in circulation of cerebrospinal fluid
schawnn cells
*encircle PNS axons, each schawnn cell myelinates a single axon.
*participate in axon regeneration which is easily accomplished in the PNS than in the CNS
satellite cells
*surrond the bodys of neurons of PNS ganglia.(structure support)
*regulate the exchange of materials between neuronal cell bodies and interstitial fluid.
myelin
electrical insulating material that forms a layer called myelin sheath, usually around only one axon of a neuron/ purpose of myelin is to increase the speed at which impulses propagate along the myelinated fiber.
saltatory conduction
the propagation of action potentials along myelinated axons from one node of Ranvier to the next node, the signal leaps or hops from node of Ranvier to another. It uses less energy and it faster.
continous conduction
unmyelinated neuron, moves in continuous waves and the signal is slower.
what are 3 factors that effect conduction velocity
*amount of myelination- action potentials propagate faster along myelinated axons than unmyelinated
*axon diameter- larger diameter axons propagate faster than smaller ones due to their surface area
*temperature- axons propagate action potentials at lower speed when cooled
name the 3 parts of the brain stem
*medulla
*midbrain
medulla oblongata
-forms inferior part of the brainstem
-cointains nuclei that regulate vital body fucntions
*cardio vascular center
*respiratory center
*reflex centers for coughing , sneezing, vomiting, ,hiccuping, and swallowing(deglutition)
-associated cranial nerves
VIII, IX,X, XI, and XII
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