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DM Anatomy

Terms in this set (22)

Parietal Peritoneum (derived, innervation, px localization)
1. Somatopleure
2. Somatic afferents (spinal n. associated w/abdom wall where it is located)
3. Well localized px
Visceral Peritoneum
(derived, innervation, px localization)
1. Splanchnopleure
2. Visceral afferents (accompany autonomic n. supplying the organ)
3. Poorly localized px, sensations of discomfort
Difference btw Pneumoperitoneum & Ascites?
Pneumo = abnorm air/gas in peritoneal cavity (ruptured hollow viscus organ)
Ascites = excess fluid in peritoneal cavity
Peritoneal Cavity boundaries
Btw 2 layers of peritoneum, 1 continuous space extending from diaphragm 2 pelvis (male = closed, female = open @ uterine tube), NO ORGANS in cavity
Mesentery & what it includes?
Double fold peritoneum attaches developing gut 2 abdom wall
Contains: BV, nerves & lymphatics, all embryonic gut tube structures develop on mesentery
Differentiate Intraperitoneal Organ vs Retroperitoneal Organ?
Intra = covered by visceral perit, suspended by mesentery, 2 layers periton
Retro = behind peritoneal sac (no mesentery)
List the Intraperitoneal Organs (8)
Stomach
Liver
Duodenum (1st part)
Small Intest (jejunum, ileum)
Spleen
Cecum
Appendix
Transverse & Sigmoid Colon
List the Primarily Retroperitoneal Organs (5)
Kidneys
Ureters
Aorta
IVC
Sympathetic Trunks
List the Secondarily Retroperitoneal Organs (5) - immobile/fixed, once were intraperiton
Pancreas
Duod (2-4th parts)
Ascending colon
Descending colon
Rectum
Omentum (double peritoneum)
Passing from stomach & prox duodenum to adjacent organs
Greater Omentum & Ligaments (3)
Extending from stomach 2 transverse colon
1. Gastrophrenic
2. Gastrosplenic
3. Gastrocolic
Lesser Omentum & Ligaments (2)
Attaching liver 2 stomach & 1st part of duodenum
1. Hepatogastric (gastric a. membranous)
2. Hepatoduodenal (thickened, portal v., proper hepatic a., common bile duct)
Omental Apron "policeman" of the abdomen
Greater omentum has ascending & descending portions that fuse forming 4 layered (2 anterior + 2 posterior) fatty apron
Pringle Maneuver: compresses what in surgery/trauma
Hepatoduodenal ligament, prevents inflow of blood 2 liver reducing bleeding in liver as a result of traumatic injury
Perforation of peptic ulcer of stomach along posterior wall results in blood collection where?
In lesser sac (which can then communicate w/greater sac through omental foramen) - lies post 2 stomach & superior 2 greater sac
Boundaries of the omental foramen
Ant = hepatoduodenal ligament w/portal traid
Inf = superior part of duodenum
Post = IVC
Sup = caudate lobe of liver
Supracolic (3) & Infracolic (3) Compartments
Supra = stomach, liver, spleen
Infra = small intest, ascending & descending colon
How do supracolic & infracolic compartments communicate?
Paracolic gutters (R & L)
Why should you cut the peritoneum along the lateral paracolic gutters?
For relatively blood free mobilization of ascend/descending colon (major vessels/lymphatics are on medial/posteromedial sides)
Which paracolic gutter is narrow & which way will infection spread?
1. L narrower bc partially obstructed by phrenicolic ligament
2. Easier 4 infection 2 travel 2 right subphrenic space
Pouch of Morison Hepatorenal Recess Boundaries (3)
Ant = liver
Post = R kidney
Infer = transverse colon
Hepatorenal Recess is most dependent space for what?
Collection of pathological fluid in supine patient
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