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Beginning Algebra and Geometry Vocabulary

Terms in this set (55)

mixed number
a whole number added to a fraction
line
a straight line with no end points
line segment
a straight line with two end points
acute angle
angle less than 90 degrees
right angle
angle equaling 90 degrees
obtuse angle
angle greater than 90 degrees
polygon
simple, closed, flat geometric figures whose sides are line segments
parallel lines
lines equidistant apart
perpendicular lines
lines that form a 90 degree angles
right triangle
triangle with a right angle
acute triangle
triangle where all angles measure less than 90 degrees
obtuse triangle
triangle where one angle is greater than 90 degrees
equiangular triangle
triangle where each angle measures 60 degrees
isosceles triangle
triangle with two sides of the same length
equilateral triangle
triangle with all sides of same length
scalene triangle
triangle with all three sides of differing lengths
diameter
distance across the center of a circle
radius
distance from the center of a circle to the edge (1/2 the diameter)
circumference
pi times diameter
positive numbers
numbers above zero on the number line
negative numbers
numbers below zero on the number line
addend
the numbers being added in an addition problem
sum
the answer to an addition problem
factor
numbers being multiplied
product
the answer to an multiplication problem
difference
the answer to a subtraction problem
dividend
the number being divided in a division problem
divisor
the number dividing the larger number in a division problem
quotient
the answer to a division problem
numerator
the top number in a fraction
denominator
the bottom number in a fraction
whole numbers
natural numbers plus 0
Commutative Property
The order of numbers can be switched in addition or multiplication problems
area of a rectangle
length x width
area of a triangle
one half base x height
unit multiplier
fractions used to change the units of a number
undefined
any answer showing a real number divided by 0
indeterminate
an answer showing 0 divided by 0
reciprocal
flipped fraction (multiplicative inverse)
PEMDAS
order of operations: Parenthesis, Exponents, Multiplication, Division, Addition, Subtraction
geometric solids
"Geometric figures that have three dimensions" (Saxon, Alg. 1, L15)
surface area
total area of all exposed surfaces
distributive property
a(b + c) = ab + ac
like terms
terms with the same variables (2xy+8yx-5xy)
exponent
A mathematical notation indicating the number of times a quantity is multiplied by itself.
square root
a number that when multiplied by itself equals a given number
radical sign
a symbol to indicate the square root
volume
Amount of space occupied by an object
product rule for exponents
when multiplying two powers that have the same base, you can add the exponents
numerical expression
A mathematical phrase involving numbers and operation symbols, but no variables.
variable
A letter used to represent one or more numbers
Additive Property of Equality
if a = b then a + c = b + c
equivalent equations
equations that have the same solution
Multiplicative Property of Equality
if a = b then ac = bc
functions
an algebraic expression that pairs input and output to create a function
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