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Antimicrobials Micro Lecture Quiz

Terms in this set (30)

all of the following pertain to cephalosporins except
a. later (3rd and 4th) generations have activity against gram negatives
b. they damage cell walls of bacteria
c. they have a beta-lactam ring
d. all show resistance to beta-lactamase
d. all show resistance to beta-lactamase
which drug is the best choice for treating an infection caused by streptococcus pneumonia, beta-lactamase positive?
4th generation cephalosporin
the mechanism for bacterial resistance to antimicrobics include
a. prevention of drug entry into the cell
b. alteration of drug receptors on cell targets
c. bacterial chromosomal recombination
d. synthesis of enzymes that alter drug structure
e. all of the choices are correct
e. all of the choices are correct
which antimicrobic does not intefere with protein synthesis?
trimethroprim sulfa (bactrim)
side effects that occur in patient tissues while they are on antimicrobic drugs include all of the following except
a. heptatoxcity
b. deafness
c. nephrotoxicity
d. diarrhea
e. development of resistance of the patient to the drug
e. development of resistance of the patient to the drug
which antibiotic is the best choice for an infection caused by MRSA?
augmentin
a chemical that inhibits beta-lactamase enzymes is
clavulanic acid
which antimicrobial is contraindicated for children due to permanent tooth discoloration?
tetraclycline
the drug used for several protozoan infections is
metronidazole
which organ is responsible for metabolizing and detoxifying foreign chemicals in the bloods, including drugs?
liver
important characteristics of antimicrobic drugs include
a. remains active in body tissues and fluids
b. do not cause serious side effects in humans
c. readily delivered to the site of infection
d. all of the choices are incorrect
e. high toxicity against microbial cells
d. all of the choices are correct
antimicrobics effective against only gram positive bacteria would be termed
narrow-spectrum drugs
which drug is a good choice for treating a gram negative infection?
azithromycin (Z-mycin_
which drug is useful in treating infections by methicillin-resistant S. aureus and vancomycin-resistant enterococcus
linezolid
the drug that can cause aplastic anemia (bone marrow supression), and is used to treat typhoid fever and brain abscesses is
chloramphenicol
mebendazole, niclosamide, and ivermectin are drugs used to treat ______ infections
helminthic
why has the US and Europe banned the use of human drugs in animal feeds?
because it contributes to the growing drug resistance problem
which of the following is not a mode of action of antivirals?
a. inhibit DNA synthesis
b. block penetration
c. block transcription and translation
d. bond to ergosterol in the cell membrane
e. block maturation
d. bond to ergosterol in the cell membrane
all of the following could be reasons why antimicrobic treatment fails except
a. the inability of the drug to diffuse into the infected body compartment
b. not completing the full course of treatment
c. a mixed infection where some of the pathogens are drug resistant
d. a disk diffusion test showing pathogen sensitivity to the antimicrobic
d. a disk diffusion test showing pathogen sensitivity to the antimicrobic
ketoconazole, fluconazole, clotrimazole, and miconazole are broad-spectrum azoles used to treat _______ infections
fungal
penicillins and cephalosporins
damage cell walls
all of the folllowing are correct about Tamiflu and Relenza except
a. they are effective prophylactics for influenza
b. they should be given early in an infection
c. they are used to treat infections by influenza A and B
d. they inhibit fusion and uncoating of the virus
e. they prevent assembly and release of the virus
e. they prevent assembly and release of the virus
all of the following pertain to fluoroquinolones except
a. show severe side effects to the liver and kidney
b. they work to inhibiting bacterial DNA replication
c. include ciprofloxacin
d. used to treat respiratory, urinary, and STIs
e. broad spectrum
a. show severe side effects to the liver and kidney
the drug used against intestinal anaerobic bacteria, that can also alter normal flora causing antibiotic-associated colitis is
metronidazole (flagyl)
aminoglycosides
attach to the 30S ribosomal subunit and disrupt protein synthesis
antimibrobics effective against a wide variety of microbial types are termed
broad-spectrum drugs
which antibiotic does not inhibit cell wall synthesis?
gentamicin
which is a drug that is effective against protozoal infection an anaerobic bacteria?
metronidazole (flagyl)
which is the drug that is most likely going to cause Cdiff or yeast infections in patients?
tetracycline
which antibiotic would be the best choice for treating a gram negative infection when the MO is not known?
3rd generation cephalosporin
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