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government test #2
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Gravity
Terms in this set (33)
natural rights
any rights that exist by virtue of natural law
-life
-liberty
-prosparity
Popular Sovereignty
vested in people and that chosen to govern as trustees of such powers must exercise it in conformity with general will
republicanism
A form of government in which people elect representatives to create and enforce laws
social contract
an agrement for mutual benefit between an individual/group and the gov or community as a whole
Declaration of Independence
Signed in 1776 by US revolutionaries; it declared the United States as a free state.
Philadelphia Convention
helped shaped the constitution and the country as we know it
participatory democracy
ensuring that citizens are afforded to participate or be involved in decision making
puralist democracy
more than one power and allowed freedom of association
Shay's Rebellion
uprising that broke out in Massachusetts, they protested the foreclosure of farms for debt and briefly succeeded in shutting down the court system
Great (Connecticut) Compromise
agreement that large and small states reached during the Constitutional Convention of 1787 that in part defined the legislative structure and representation that each state would have under the United States Constitution.
Electoral College
a body of electors chosen by voters to cast ballots for president and vice president
Three-Fifths Compromise
Agreement that each slave counted as three-fifths of a person in determining representation in the House for representation and taxation purposes (negated by the 13th amendment)
Separation of Powers
system of resting in seperate branches the executive legislative and judicial powers of gov
Checks and Balances
ensuring that political power isnt concentrated in the bands of individuals or groups
federalism
principle/system of gov
exclusive powers
powers that can only be used by the national government
implied powers
powers that congress has that are not stated explicitly in the constitution
concurrent powers
shared state and federal powers that range from taxing, borrowing, and making and enforcing laws to establishing court systems
Mandates (unfunded)
when a new piece of federal legislatrue requires another entity to preform functions for which it has n funds congrees often does this to a state local or tribal govs
commerce clause
provides the basis for the national government's extensive regulation of state and even local affairs
elite democracy
a model of democracy in which a small group of people, usually those who are wealthy and well-educated, influence political decision making
major weaknesses of the AOC that led to the need to create a new constitution
it did not allocate enough power to the gov.
couldn't levy taxes, create a national currency, had no power over states
explain how federalism provides multiple access points for stakeholders and institutions to influence public policy
people can influence policy on all three levels, federal, state, and local
how does the debate about the role of the federal government in public education reflect differing attitudes about the role of state government
states rights - federalism
education is a power reserved to the states
the government does not fund education
how is the concept of federalism reflected in the US constitution
article 5, all powers not given to the gov are left up to the states
voting rights
states can tax within borders, only government can tax nationwide
the equal divide of
grants for federal programs
how is the 10th amendment a heart of debate and what did it lead to
10th amendment is all powers not listed for the government are given to the states
establishes the reserved powers
a debate because a lot of the choices left to the states are not government funded when some believe they should be
how is the 14th amendment a heart of debate and what did it lead to
14th amendment states that no state should infringe upon people's civil rights
first state amendment
the nation has the power to intervene on state powers when civil rights are being infringed upon
removes an unfair bias
how is the necessary and proper clause a heart of debate and what did it lead to
powers not explicitly listed in the constitution, but assumed to exist and under congressional power
different from the 10th amendment
how does the sharing of power between the three branches of government restrict/control/limit national policy making
the Constitution provides limited powers to all three branches of government so that no one branch can become too powerful.
these limitations are in the form of the checks and balances system
These branches must work together to create, interpret, and enforce laws for our nation
article 5 of the constitution
no branch has power over the other, separate but equal
changes are possible but not so much that everything is passed
federalists
supporters of the Constitution
anti-federalists
people who opposed the Constitution
how does the debate about government surveillance in response to the 9/11 attacks reflect differing attitudes about the rights of individuals
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