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8th Grade History-Chapter 2

Terms in this set (25)

Stability
What advantage did the Viking longships have over earlier vessels?
France
Which country did Jazques Cartier claim land during his two trips to Canada in 1534 and 1535?
How did enslaved Africans try to cope with life in the Americas?
Sought refuge in their families religion, art, and dance
Which of the following best describes the Columbain Exchange?
Plants and animals were transferred among Europe, Asia, Africa, and the Americas
Portugal and Spain
Columbus's travels to the Americas created conflict between
For which country did King Philip II lead the Catholic Reformation?
Spain
What was the conquistadors' biggest advantage in defeating the Aztec and the Inca?
Weapons and Steel armor
Who was Malintzin?
Indian woman who helped defeat the Aztec
Pueblo settlements set up by the Spanish in New Spain served as?
Trading post for commerce and sometimes as centers of government
Whose crew was the first to circumnavigate the globe?
Magellan
Why did colonists in need of cheap labor turn to slaves from West Africa?
West African slaves had already built up immunity to European diseases
Describe the Treaty of Tordesillas?
Moved the Line of Demarcation 800 miles further west
Hernan Cortes
Spanish conquistador who defeated the Aztecs and conquered Mexico (1485-1547)
Native Americans
died as a result of exposure to new diseases brought by European explorers
Astrolube
Aided explorers in finding new continents by allowing ship navigators to check location by charting the position of the stars
Vasco da Gama
First European to discover a sea route to Asia
Middle Passage
the voyage across the Atlantic Ocean that enslaved Africans were forced to endure
Caravel
A special types of ship that featured important advances in sailing technology
Peter Stuyvesant
New Netherland governor who conquered New Sweden in 1655
Plantations
Large farms that grew just one kind of crop and made enormous profits for their owners
Martin Luther
Publicly criticized the Roman Catholic Church with his ninety-five theses
Quebec
Small colony on the Saint Lawrence River that opened trading routes for the French
African Diaspora
the scattering of millions of enslaved Africans across the New World
Henry the Navigator
Helped Portugal become a leader in world exploration
Lief Ericson
was the viking who was the first European to discover North America
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