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Glen Husi Quizlet CH 11 by ur boi

Terms in this set (51)

Andrew Jackson
U.S. president from 1829-1837, The seventh President of the United States (1829-1837), who as a general in the War of 1812 defeated the British at New Orleans (1815). As president he opposed the Bank of America, objected to the right of individual states to nullify disagreeable federal laws, and increased the presidential powers.
John Quincy Adams
1824 presidential candidate favored by New Englanders
Henry Clay
Distinguished senator from Kentucky, who ran for president five times until his death in 1852. He was a strong supporter of the American System, a war hawk for the War of 1812, Speaker of the House of Representatives, and known as "The Great Compromiser." Outlined the Compromise of 1850 with five main points. Died before it was passed however.
John C. Calhoun
Jackson's vice-president, (1830s-40s) Leader of the Fugitive Slave Law, which forced the cooperation of Northern states in returning escaped slaves to the south. He also argued on the floor of the senate that slavery was needed in the south. He argued on the grounds that society is supposed to have an upper ruling class that enjoys the profit of a working lower class.
Daniel Webster
Famous American politician and orator. he advocated renewal and opposed the financial policy of Jackson. Many of the principles of finance he spoke about were later incorporated in the Federal Reserve System. Would later push for a strong union.
Martin Van Buren
elected president in 1836 after serving as Jackson's vice president
William Henry Harrison
Harrision's running mate in the 1840 presidential election
Stephen F. Austin
founded a colony for Americans in Spanish Texas, (1793-1836) In 1822, Austin founded the first settlement of Americans in Texas. In 1833 he was sent by the colonists to negotiate with the Mexican government for Texan independence and was imprisoned in Mexico until 1835, when he returned to Texas and became the commander of the settlers' army in the Texas Revolution.
Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna
Mexican president who led an army against Texas, The Mexican general at the Alamo; mexicos political leader who influenced early mexican and spanish politics; mexicos president for 22 non-consecutive years ; wrote to mexico city to denounce his presidency and focus on his military experience and fight foreign invasions of mexico
Sam Houston
commander of the Texas army at the Battle of San Jacinto; later elected president of the Republic of Texas
James K. Polk
eleventh president of the United States who was committed to westward expansion, (1845-1849) The Mexican War starts in 1846. The Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo ends the war in 1848. Wanted to settle Oregon boundary dispute with Great Britain. Wanted to acquire California and to incorporate Texas into union, while reducing the tariff and re-establish an independent treasury system.
Zachary Taylor
U.S. general who led the battle over the disputed territory of the Rio Grande, (1849-1850), Whig president who was a Southern slave holder, and war hero (Mexican-American War). Won the 1848 election. Surprisingly did not address the issue of slavery at all on his platform. He died during his term and his Vice President was Millard Fillmore.
Elizabeth Cady Stanton
(1815-1902) A suffragette who, with Lucretia Mott, organized the first convention on women's rights, held in Seneca Falls, New York in 1848. Issued the Declaration of Sentiments which declared men and women to be equal and demanded the right to vote for women. Co-founded the National Women's Suffrage Association with Susan B. Anthony in 1869.
Sojourner Truth
American abolitionist and feminist. Born into slavery, she escaped in 1827 and became a leading preacher against slavery and for the rights of women., United States abolitionist and feminist who was freed from slavery and became a leading advocate of the abolition of slavery and for the rights of women (1797-1883)
Manifest Destiny
the belief that the united states was destined to stretch across the continent from the atlantic ocean to the pacific ocean
Whig Party
political party organized in 1834 to oppose the policies of Andrew Jackson, An American political party formed in the 1830s to oppose President Andrew Jackson and the Democrats, stood for protective tariffs, national banking, and federal aid for internal improvements
Jacksonian Democracy
the idea of widening political power to more of the people
Tariff of Abominations
1828 law that significantly raised tariffs on raw materials and manufactured goods , 1828 - Also called Tariff of 1828, it raised the tariff on imported manufactured goods. The tariff protected the North but harmed the South; South said that the tariff was economically discriminatory and unconstitutional because it violated state's rights.
Nullification Crisis
1832-33 was over the tariff policy of the Fed. Gov't, during Jackson's presidency which prompted South Carolina to threaten the use of NULLIFICATION, possible secession and Andrew Jackson's determination to end with military force.
Secede
to withdraw formally from membership in a federal union, an alliance, or a political or religious organization.
Indian Removal Act
1830 law that called for the government to negotiate treaties requiring Native Americans to relocate west, (1830) Signed by President Andrew Jackson, the law permitted the negotiation of treaties to obtain the Indians' lands in exchange for their relocation to what would become Oklahoma.
Trail of Tears
forced removed of the Cherokee from their homeland to Indian Territory , The Cherokee Indians were forced to leave their lands. They traveled from North Carolina and Georgia through Tennessee, Kentucky, Illinois, Missouri, and Arkansas-more than 800 miles (1,287 km)-to the Indian Territory. More than 4, 00 Cherokees died of cold, disease, and lack of food during the 116-day journey.
Assimilate
to absorb into a culture, (v.) to absorb fully or make one's own; to adopt as one's own; to adapt fully
Panic of 1837
widespread fear about the state of the economy that spread after Van Buren took office, When Jackson was president, many state banks received government money that had been withdrawn from the Bank of the U.S. These banks issued paper money and financed wild speculation, especially in federal lands. Jackson issued the Specie Circular to force the payment for federal lands with gold or silver. Many state banks collapsed as a result. A panic ensued (1837). Bank of the U.S. failed, cotton prices fell, businesses went bankrupt, and there was widespread unemployment and distress.
Inflation (economic)
an increase in prices and a decrease in the value of money
Oregon Trail
trail that ran westward from Independence, Missouri to the Oregon Territory
Battle of the Alamo
battle between Texas and Mexico in 1836
Annex (annexation)
join or merge territory into an existing political unit such as a country or state
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
treaty that ended the war with mexico, (1848) treaty signed by the U.S. and Mexico that officially ended the Mexican-American War; Mexico had to give up much of its northern territory to the U.S (Mexican Cession); in exchange the U.S. gave Mexico $15 million and said that Mexicans living in the lands of the Mexican Cession would be protected
Migration
movement of people form one country or locality to another
California Gold Rush
migration of thousands of settlers to California in search of gold
Nativist (nativism)
native-born American who wanted to eliminate foreign influence
Prejudice
a negative opinion that is not based on facts
Emigrant
person who leaves a country
Immigrant
person who settles in a new country
Seneca Falls Convention
the first women's rights convention, held in Seneca Falls, NY
Abolition
the movement to stop slavery
Suffrage
the right to vote
Harriet Tubman
conductor on the Underground Railroad who led enslaved people to freedom
Fredrick Douglass
abolitionist and journalist who became an influential lecture in the North and abroad
Abraham Lincoln
Illinois Republican who ran against Stephen A. Douglas in 1858
Jefferson Davis
first president of the Confederate states of America
Underground Railroad
a series of escape routes used by slaves escaping the South
Compromise of 1850
series of laws intended to settle the major disagreements between free states and slave states
Fugitive Slave Act
1850 law meant to help slaveholders recapture runaway slaves
Kansas-Nebraska Act
1854 law that established the territories of Kansas and Nebraska and gave their residents the right to decide whether to allow slavery
Know-Nothing Party
anti-immigrant party formed in the 1850's, A party which pushed for political action against these newcomers. They displayed the feelings of America regarding newcomers that were different and therefore, the double standard of the country.
Confederate States of Amreica
confederation formed in 1861 by the Southern states after their secession from the Union
Oregon Treaty
Negotiation of the border between Oregon and Canada; Americans wanted it at 54º40' (slogan became "Fifty-four forty or fight!"); eventually was put at the 49th parallel
Women's Rights Movement
This stemmed from the anger towards men for giving females secondary roles in society and preventing them from participating in policy discussions.
Mexican-American War
(1846-1848) The war between the United States and Mexico in which the United States acquired one half of the Mexican territory.
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