WMS 8th Grade History: Unit 1: The 13 Colonies

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Mercantilism
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Terms in this set (36)
Mercantilism
The system where colonies exist to provide wealth for their mother-countries
Sir Walter Raleigh
An English adventurer and writer,In 1585, Raleigh sponsored the first English colony in America on Roanoke Island in present-day North Carolina. It failed.
Joint-stock Company
investors buy pieces of ownership in a company and share profits and losses
Charter
Permission from king to set up a colony
Jamestown
First permanent English settlement in America. Successful because they started growing tobacco
John Smith
Soldier/Adventure brought order to the the colony of Jamestown
Indentured Servants
Colonists who received free passage to North America in exchange for working without pay for a certain number of years
House of Burgesses
first form of representative government in America
Bacon's Rebellion
dispute between western colonists and the governor. Bacon wanted protection from Native Americans. The governor said no. Bacon burned down Jamestown.
Pilgrims
A member of the Separatist group that left England in the early 1600s to settle in the Americas.
PuritansLeft England to start reforming the church.Great MigrationThousands of people left England for New World during the 1630's-1640'sRoger WilliamMade the puritans mad. Got kicked out for saying things like not every person need to go to church. Fled south. Set up Rhode Island and the first Baptist Church.Fundamental Orders of ConnecticutFirst constitution in the new world. Gave voting rights to non-church members.King Phillip's WarA series of battles in New Hampshire between the colonists and the Wompanowogs, led by a chief known as King Philip. The war was started when the Massachusetts government tried to assert court jurisdiction over the local Indians. The colonists won with the help of the Mohawks, and this victory opened up additional Indian lands for expansion.PennsylvaniaColony set up for quakers. set up by William PennTobaccoSaved Jamestown. Grown in the southern colonies. Required a lot of labor and that means a lot of slavesJames OglethropeFounded Georgia as second chance for debtor and poor farmers.backcountrya colonial region that ran along the Appalachian mountains through the far western part of the New England, Middle, and Southern colonies. Starts at the Fall Linesubsistence farminga farm that produces enough food for the family with a small additional amount for trade.triangular tradethe transatlantic system of trade in which goods, including slaves, were exchanged between Africa, England, Europe, the west Indies, and the colonies in North America.navigation actsa series of laws passed by parliament, beginning in 1651, to ensure that England made money from its colonies trade.cash cropa crop grown by a farmer to be sold for money rather than for personal use.indigoa blue dye obtained from plants or made syntheticallyWhat was the main reason that the colonies were set up?The main goal of the English government was to make money. Many of the first settlers came there because they were in because religious groups seeking religious freedom.Proprietary ColonyA colony run by a proprietor, or owner.Royal ColonyA colony under direct control of the kingAct of TolerationMaryland Law that outlawed religious persecutionTidewatera region of flat, low-lying plains along the seacoast. Great for growing rice and tobaccoBreadbasket ColoniesNickname of the Middle Colonies because they grew some much grain.Mayflower Compact1620 - The first agreement for self-government in America. It was signed by the 41 men on the Mayflower and set up a government for the Plymouth colony.House of Burgessesthe first elected legislative assembly in the New World established in the Colony of Virginia in 1619, representative colony set up by England to make laws and levy taxes but England could veto its legistlative acts.Describe the economy in the Middle coloniesgrew fruits, vegetables,and grains. did not rely on slave labor. did rely on rivers as trade routes for shippingSeparatistsPeople who wanted to have a separate, or different church. Also known as Pilgrims.Describe the economy in the Southlarge plantations that used slave labor and grew rice, indigo & tobacco. had very few large citiesDescribe the economy in the New England colonies.There were merchants, fishing, shipbuilding, and skilled craftspeople