the science revolution

Terms in this set (56)

how did the renaissance help pave the way for the scientific revolution
in the renaissance, the arts were not the only thing that changed, learning also changed
how did the european exploration help pave the way for the scientific revolution
learning that the earth was round instead of flat encouraged scientists to learn more
the heliocentric theory
what did nicolaus copernicus discover about the universe
keplers laws, planets revolve around the sun mathematically
what did johannes kepler discover about the universe
what galileo galilei discovered about the universe
built telescope, studyied space (heavens) in 1609; jupiter has 4 moons, sun has dark spots, earths moon is uneven and bumpy
what isaac newton discovered about the universe
developed laws of motion, law of universal gravitation stating that the same force ruled motion of everything. also, every object attracts to every other object.
telescope, microscope, mercury barometer, mercury thermometer,celcius scale for mercury thermometer
what important scientific instruments were created in the scientific revolution
human anatomy studied, smallpox vaccine made from cowpox
what important medicines were created in the scientific revolution
discoveries in chemistry during the scientific revolution
matter was made of smaller primary particles and the boyle law
physicist
an expert in physics
dynamics
in which forces or changes are considered
oscillation
vary in magnitude or position in a regular manner around a central point
the earth
what object did ptolemy claim was at the center of the universe
the sun
what object did copernicus claim was at the center of the universe
geocentric theory
in the middle ages, the earth centered view of the universe in which scholars believed that the earth was an immovable object located at the center of the universe
scientific revolution
a major change in european thought, starting in the mid 1500s in which the study of the natural world began to be characterized by careful observation and the questioning of accepted beliefs.
the heliocentric theory
the idea that the earth and the other planets revolve around the sun
scientific method
a logical procedure for gathering information about the natural world, in which experimentation and observation are used to test hypotheses.
enlightenment
an 18th century european movement in which thinkers attempted to apply the principles of reason and the scientific method to all aspects of society.
social contract
the agreement by which people define and limit their individual rights, thus creating an organized society or government.
philosophe
one of a group of social thinkers in france during the enlightenment
salon
a social gathering of intellectuals and artists, like those held in the homes of wealthy women in paris and other european cities during the enlightenment.
baroque
relating to a grand, ornate style that characterized european painting, music, and architecture in the 1600s and early 1700s.
neoclassical
relating to a simple, elegant style (based on ideas and themes from ancient greece and rome) that characterized the arts in europe during the late 1700s.
enlightened despot
one of the 18th century european monarchs who was inspired by enlightenment ideas to rule justly and respect the rights of subjects.
1550-1789
when did the scientific revolution and enlightenment occur
one of the greatest composers who ever lived and was a child prodigy
who is mozart?
the bible and greek/roman resources
where most knowledge came from in the middle ages
starry messenger
the book galileo galilei published
worried it would weaken peoples faith
why the church was worried about galileo's work
say his and other new findings were wrong
what did the pope force galileo to do
in 1992
when did the catholic church finally recognize galileo as being right
bacon and descartes
who developed the scientific method
andreas vesalius
who first studied the human anatomy
edward jenner
who produced the first vaccination
robert boyle
who said matter was made of many different particles
the skeptical chemist
what book robert boyle published
the revolution in scientific thinking
what did copernicus kepler and galileo do for the scientific method
they initially developed it
what did bacon and descartes do for the scientific method
reason, nature, happiness, progress, and liberty
what are the philosophes 5 reasons
reason
enlightened thinkers believed truth could be discovered through reason or logical thinking
nature
the philosophes believed that what was natural was also good and reasonable
happiness
the philosophes rejected the medieval notion that people should find joy in the hereafter and urged people to seek well being on earth
progress
the philosophes stressed that society and humankind could improve
liberty
the philosophes called for the liberties that the english people had won in their glorious revolution and bill of rights.
was king of prussia from 1740 to 1786
when was frederick the great king and where
because he considered himself the "first servant of state"
why did the philosophes like frederick the great
was king of austria from 1780 to 1790
when was joseph II king and where
he abolished serfdom and demanded that peasants be paid for their labor
why did the philosophes like joseph II
was queen of russia from 1762 to 1796
when was catherine the great queen and where
she expanded the roman empire, gave nobles more power over serfs, and gained port access for russia by seizing northern coast of black sea
why did the philosophes like catherine the great
a government's power comes from the consent of the people
how did Locke give ideas for the U.S. constitution
separation of powers
how did montesquieu give ideas for the U.S. constitution
direct democracy
how did rousseau give ideas for the U.S. constitution
free speech, religious toleration
how did voltaire give ideas for the U.S. constitution
accused have rights, no torture
how did beccaria give ideas for the U.S. constitution
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