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Physio Quiz 3: Ach and NE Practice Quiz

Terms in this set (77)

M3
1. The indirect effect of Ach on vascular smooth muscle
is mediated through_____ receptors on vascular
endothelial cells
mAchR antagonist
2. Which of the following may be used to treat
antipsychotic drug-induced EPS?
1. M4
2. M2
3. Which of the following receptors are coupled to Gi
protein?
1. M1
2. M3
3. M5
4. Which of the following receptors are coupled to Gq
protein?
1. NO
2. cGMP
5. THe indirect effect of Ach on vascular smooth muscle
involves an increase in _____ in vascular smooth
muscle
M3
6. Ach has both direct and indirect effects on vascular
smooth muscle. The direct effect is mediated
through_____receptors
7. Non-depolarizing neuromuscular junction blockers
-Block the NMJ by blocking nAchRs on skeletal muscle cells
-Are nAchRantagonists
15. Overactivity of parasympathetic pathway may lead to
Emesis, Miosis, Gastrointestinal upset including diarrhea
8. The direct effect of Ach on vascular smooth muscle
leads to
1. Vasoconstriction
2. Phosphorylation of MLCK
3. Dephosphorylation of MLC
9. The direct effect of Ach on vascular smooth muscle
involves an increase in intracellular
-IP3
-Ca2+
13. Ganglionic blockers (N2 antagonist...)
Are N2 antagonists
10. Depolarizing neuromuscular junction blockers
-Are nAchR agonists
-Block the NMJ by inducing depolarization inactivation of
Na+ channels on skeletal muscle cells
12. Which of the following receptors are found on
skeletal muscle?
N1
14. Which of the following may be used to treat
Parkinson's disease?
L-Dopa, mAchR antagonists
11. The indirect effect of Ach on vascular smooth muscle
leads to
-Dephosphorylation of MLC
-Vasodilation
16. Sildenafil _____ in vascular smooth muscle
Decreases contraction
Increases the activity of MLC phosphatase
Decreases phosphorylation of MLC
77. Patients on _____ should avoid tyramine-rich diets
MAOA inhibitors
17. Overactivity of parasympathetic pathway may lead to
Bronchoconstriction, Diaphoresis, Salivation, Urination,
Lacrimation
76. Which of the following contain cell bodies of
adrenergic neurons?
( sympathetic ganglia.....)
Autonomic ganglia
Sympathetic ganglia
18. Which of the following terminates the action of Ach
after Ach is released into the synaptic cleft?
- Enzymatic degradation by acetylcholinesterase
- Enzymatic degradation by cholinesterase
75. MDMA (ecstasy) is a
(NET substrate)
NET substrate
DAT substrate
5-HT substrate
psychostimulant
19. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AchEIs) are used to
treat (parkinson...)
- Paralysis induced by a nondepolarizing neuromuscular
junction blocker
- Paralysis induced by a nAchR antagonist
- Alzheimer disease
74. Which of the following neurons express both
cholinergic and adrenergic receptors?
Sympathetic postganglionic neurons
20. Sildenafil inhibits
Phosphodiesterase
73. Which of the following drugs blocks VMAT?
Reserpine
21. Activation of which receptor in the heart inhibits
adenylyl cyclase activity?
M2
72. Which of the following contains cell bodies of
adrenergic neurons?
(Raphe nuclei....)
Locus coeruleus
22. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AchEIs) are used to
treat (smoking....)
Myasthenia gravis (MG), Lambert-Eaton myasthenic
syndrome (LEMS)
71. Cocaine is a
(TAAR1 agonist.....)
5-HT, DA, NE reuptake inhibitor (SDNRI) or monoamine
reuptake inhibitor (MRI)
23. Sildenafil increases ____ in vascular smooth muscle
cGMP
70. VMAT inhibitors may be used to treat
Schizophrenia
Hypertension
24. Ganglionic blockers (all inhibit....)
- Inhibit postganglionic neurons
- Inhibit neuroendocrine cells in the adrenal medulla
- Inhibit chromaffin cells
- inhibit both the sympathetic and parasympathetic
pathways
25. Ach____heart rate and contractility by
activating____
Decreases, M2 mAchRs
68. Amphetamine is a (5-HT substrate....)
anti-ADHD drug
Psychostimulant
NET substrate
DAT substrate
26. Atropine induces mydriasis (dilation of the pupil)
through which of the following receptors?
M3
67. Stimulation of which of the following receptors
causes secretion of epinephrine (adrenaline) from
the adrenal medulla?
N2,
NN
27. Myasthenia gravis
An autoimmune disorder characterized by muscle weakness
Often associated with enlarged thymus or thymoma
Results from antibodies against nAchRs at the NMJ
66. Current drug therapies for depression include (DA
agonists....)
Serotonin and NE reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs)
28. Which of the following inhibits the Ach-mediated
synaptic transmission?
1. Blockade of Ca2+ on cholinergic terminals
2. Blockade of cholinergic receptors by cholinergic
antagonists
3. Desensitization of postsynaptic cholinergic receptors
4. Inhibition of the firing of cholinergic neurons
5. Botulinum Toxins
65. Amphetamine is a (TAAR1 agonist....)
TAAR1 agonist
DA and NE releasing agent (DNRA)
29. In smooth muscle and glandular tissue, Ach
30. binds to what receptor, leading to the IP3, DAG
cascade?
M3
29. In smooth muscle and glandular tissue, Ach
30. binds to what receptor, leading to the IP3, DAG
cascade?
M3
64. cAMP in smooth muscle promotes____ by ____
Relaxation, activating PKA, and phosphorylation of MLCK
63. Current drug therapies for depression include
(MAOIs.....)
MAOIs
Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)
Selective 5-HT reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
31. Which of the following is believed to be caused, in
part, by degeneration of cholinergic neurons in the
brain?
Alzheimer's disease
62. Most TCA (inhibit COMT....)
Block 5-HTT
32. Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS)
Results from antibodies against presynaptic P/Q type Ca2+
channels at the NMJ
An autoimmune disorder characterized by muscle weakness
Often associated with malignancy, most commonly small-
cell lung cancer
61. NE/E acts through____ on smooth muscle to cause
smooth muscle contraction
Beta 2 receptors
33. Adrenergic α2 receptors____adenylyl cyclase and β
receptors____ adenylyl cyclase
Inhibit; Stimulate
60. MDMA (ecstasy) is a
TAAR1 agonist
5-HT, DA, NE releasing agent (SDNRA) and monoamine
releasing agent (MRA)
34. Activation of adenylate cyclase leads to ____
contraction and ____ relaxation
Cardiac muscle; smooth muscle
59. Adrenergic neurons synthesize and release what
neurotransmitter? (acetylcholine...)
-Adrenaline
-Noradrenaline
35. Atomoxetine is a
anti-ADHD drug
58. Activation of autoreceptors on adrenergic neurons
Inhibits the firing of NE neurons
Closes Ca2+ channels
Inhibits NE synthesis
36. Clinically, AADC inhibitors are used to (DA)
-Increase DA synthesis in the CNS
-Inhibit DA synthesis in the PNS
57. Atomoxetine is a
Selective NE reuptake inhibitor (NRI)
37. Clonidine
1. Inhibits NE release
2. Inhibits the firing of NE neurons
3. Activates autoreceptors on NE neurons
4. Inhibits NE synthesis
56. MAOapreferentially metabolizes____, whereas
MAOb preferentially meTabolizes____
NE and 5-HT, DA
38. Autoreceptors on adrenergic neurons are
Alpha 2 receptors
55. Epinephrine binds to
Adrenaline receptors
Adrenergic receptors
Norepinephrine receptors
Epinephrine receptors
Noradrenaline receptors
Noradrenergic receptors
39. The VMAT is present in (CNS and PNS....)
-CNS and PNS
-Sympathetic postganglionic neurons
-Chromaffin cells
40. Cocaine is a
(NET substrate....)
Psychostimulant
54. Adrenergic neurons synthesize and release what
neurotransmitter? (epinephrine....)
-Epinephrine
-Norepinephrine
53. NE/E affects cardiac muscle primarily through
Beta 1 receptors
41. Clonidine has both direct and indirect effects on
smooth muscle. The direct effect is mediated
through____, leading to smooth muscle____
A2 receptors, contraction
52. Clinically, AADC inhibitors are used to (L-Dopa)
Inhibit L-DOPA metabolism in the PNS
42. NE/E acts through____ to cause vascular smooth
muscle relaxation
B2 receptors
51. Clonidine is a
Alpha 2 receptor agonist
43. Which of the following enhance the NE-mediated
transmission?
1. MAO Inhibitors
2. Blockade of a2 autoreceptors
3. NET reuptake blockers
69. Clinically, AADC inhibitors are used to treat
(hypotension...)
Parkinson's disease
50. The VMAT is present in (GABA neurons....)
-NE neurons
-DA neurons
-5-HT neurons
44. Activation of NE autoreceptors on adrenergic
neurons
Inhibits NE release
Inhibits adenylyl cyclase
Opens K+ channels
49. Most TCA (stimulate NET...)
Block NET
45. Blockade of VMAT induces
Depression
Hypotension
Parkinsonian-like symptoms
48. Which of the following enzymes is located in the
synaptic vesicle?
Dopamine beta hydroxylase (DBH)
46. Blockade of VMAT
Decreases NE release
Depletes NE in the synaptic vesicle
47. Clonidine is antihypertensive. It produces its effects
by
1. Stimulating adrenergic receptors on adrenergic
neurons
2. Decreasing heart rate and contractility
3. Decreasing NE release
4. Decreasing the contraction of vascular smooth
muscles that express alpha receptors
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