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Social Psych

Terms in this set (32)

Self-fulfilling prophecy
A situation where someone's expectations lead to the expectation occurring, such as expecting a mother to be annoyed and then acting in a way that makes her become annoyed.
Stereotype
Characteristics (size, intelligence, ability) set to a group of people (race, gender, country of origin, wealth) that are expected to be held by everyone in that group.
Schema
A mental category we have of a group that we think have similar characteristics.

Example: Your schema of a dog or cat could be made up of: claws, nose, tail, adorable-face, whiskers.
Primacy Effect
Information you learn about someone when you first meet them sticks with your impression of them.
Cognitive Dissonance
When new information contradicts your beliefs, it creates a type of mental tension. To get over this, you either need to change the behavior, change how you think about it, justify the behavior, justify how you think about it, or deny that the information even exists.

Example: A person who wants to protect the environment has to get a ride from a friend who owns a non environmentally-friendly car.
He then justifies his behavior by saying "It's just this one time, and it's not a far drive"
Central Route to Persuasion
To have an audience persuaded through the main content of a message.

Example: To want to buy a shirt because it looks nice and feel comfortable...NOT because the model who wore them looked attractive.
Periphery Route to Persuasin
To have an audience persuaded through side images or anything other than the main content of a message.

Example: I want those shoes because Selena Gomez wore them...NOT because their comfortable or nice-looking.
Deindividuation
When someone in a group loses their self-identity and self-awareness, basically becoming a part of the group. This is what leads to people in large mobs sometimes acting like idiots.
Bystander Effect
When there's a group of people surrounding someone in aid, a bystander is less likely to help them out.

Generally thought to be because they think "Someone else will do it".
Social Facilitation
When in the presence of other people you perform better.
Example: A ton of your friends are watching you and you make a half-court shot, and then when you try that again later you miss by a mile.
Conformity
To change behavior due to the presence of others

Example:
All of your friends are wearing all wearing suits to a fancy restaurant. You end up wearing a suit to said fancy restaurant.

Example 2: All of your friends have started to eat bagels at lunch. You end up eating bagels to lunch.
Compliance
To change in behavior due to the request of another.

Example: You're a germaphobe. Your dad tells you to go take out the trash. You take out the trash.
Milgram Obedience Experiment
An experiment in which "teachers" were told to deliver a shock to a random person ("learner") in another room. Once initially delivered, they would then be asked to increase the voltage continuously until past lethal levels, with fake audio reactions playing each time the voltage was raised.
Zimbardo's Stanford Prison Experiment
An experiment in which a group of volunteers from Stanford were split into two groups: prisoners and guards. After separation, the volunteers were left alone to do as they wished. The result of this was that the prisoners quickly became more submissive while the guards became abusive to the point of causing mental trauma.
Asch Line Conformity Experiments
Asch did an experiment where a group of people were told to say the wrong answer to an obvious question.
The question was basically "which of the following lines is the same size as this line over here?"
That group of people and a random newcomer were added into a room where they had to answer that basic question.

The results of this experiment indicate that the bigger the group size, the more likely someone is to conform.
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