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Cell Division

Terms in this set (12)

The purpose of cellular division
1. grow
2. repair damaged cells
3. reproduce
4. reduce the size of the cell to become more efficient
Steps in the cell cycle
1. growth in interphase
2. prepares for division in interphase
3. divides into to 2 new identical cells called daughter cells (mitosis and cytokinesis)
interphase
The longest stage of the cell cycle. The cell grows, makes a copy of DNA, and prepares to divide.
mitosis
The second stage of the cell cycle. During this stage the nucleus divides. It has four stages: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.
cytokinesis
The last stage in the cell cycle. The rest of the cell (cytoplasm) divides
interphase'
can see nuclear membrane, nucleolus. Cannot see chromosomes. DNA replicates, centrioles replicate, other organelles replicate.
prophase
can see the chromosomes for the first time because they have condensed. The nuclear membrane disappears and nucleolus disappears. Centriole pairs move a part from each other, spindle fibers are forming.
metaphase
the spindle fibers (attached to the centrioles) help to move the chromosome pairs and line them up in the middle of the cell.
anaphase
the spindle fibers shorten and pull the chromosome pairs a part to opposite ends of the cell.
telophase
chromosomes disappear, nucleolus reappears, nuclear membrane reappears, so we have two identical nuclei. spindle fibers disappear
cytokinesis'
The rest of the cell divides. In plant cells a cell plate is formed. In animal cells, a cleavage furrow is fomed as the cytoplasm is pinched in
The result of mitosis and cell cycle
The cell divides and produces two daughter cells with identical genetic material, the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
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