Ch.8: Quizzes

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True
Obesity is the single most expensive health problem in the United States, surpassing both smoking and alcohol abuse.
False
Individuals with night eating syndrome consume at least half their daily intake after their evening meal.
False
Fatty foods and technology are not to blame for the obesity epidemic in the United States.
True
Professionally directed behavior modification programs represent the most successful treatment for obesity.
30
A person is considered obese when his or her body mass index (BMI) is _____ or greater.
170; 16.9%
If Felix, a 5'2" high school freshman, is considered obese, he must weigh at least _____ pounds, making him one of the approximately _____ of children and adolescents considered obese.
a
A majority of Felix's weight comes from his suffering from night eating syndrome. Select the scenario that accurately characterizes this syndrome.

a. Scenario 1: Eating a large quantity of food after an evening meal as well as waking up to eat snacks in the middle of the night, only to wake up full and unable to eat breakfast.
b. Scenario 2: Eating a large quantity of food during the night while sleep walking, only to wake up and eat a large breakfast with no memory of having eaten during the night.
professional-directed; sedentary lifestyle
The medical costs and consequences associated with obesity have caused widespread research into its causes, spawning a plethora of treatment strategies. The most successful programs are _____-_____t behavior modification programs, a component of which should be to reduce a person's _____ _____.
d
A later stage of Alice's enhanced cognitive-behavioral treatment (CBT-E) for bulimia will likely involve
a. several small meals that are spaced no longer than 3 hours apart.
b. intensive psychoanalysis designed to uncover unconscious conflicts contributing to the illness.
c. antidepressant medication at higher clinical doses to prevent depressive symptoms from emerging.
d. altering dysfunctional thoughts about body shape, weight, and eating
a
Eden suffers from morbid obesity. Her body mass index is well over 40, and she is suffering from a variety of physical symptoms related to her body size. Her physician has been gently encouraging her to lose weight for years ,but Eden has ignored this advice. Now that her weight is causing extreme pain in her hips, knees, and ankles and is interfering with her life, Eden has decided to do something about the problem. Which of the following interventions will be the most effective at helping her lose weight and keep it off?
a. Bariatric surgery
b. Going on a simple diet
c. Controlled calorie reduction therapy (CCRT)
d. Taking the drug Meridia to reduce internal hunger signals
cWhy is it that people who work overnight shifts on a regular basis may have a higher risk of developing circadian rhythm sleep disorder? a. Because people who work such shifts tend to overuse caffeine, which throws off their sleep schedules. b. Because the hormones that are secreted by the adrenal glands - those that control sleep cycles - cannot be produced during nighttime hours. c. Because the part of the brain that controls our sleep cycles is directly connect to our eyes and is affected by the light in our surroundings. d. Because people who work such shifts do not adjust their sleep schedules to get their adequate 8 hours of sleep per dayaCollege men and women were asked to rate their assessment of what is an attractive body size and what is an ideal body size in both men and women. Read the following statements and select which best reflects the findings of this very important study. a. Females rated the smallest female body size as idea, while males' assessment of an attractive female size was larger a larger estimate. b. Females felt that a smaller, more slender male body size was very unattractive, while males felt the same way about females' body size. c. Females rated the largest male body size as attractive, while males' assessment of an attractive male size was the smallest. d. Females rated an attractive female body size as being slightly larger than a male assessment of an attractive female body size.bIn comparing the effectiveness of interpersonal therapy (IPT) with enhanced cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT-E) for patients with bulimia nervosa, which of the following statements is the most accurate? a. Both forms of treatment were effective both immediately after treatment and 5 months after treatment, but IPT patients reported being significantly more comfortable and more satisfied with their treatment than the CBT-E patients. b. Both forms of treatment were effective and patients were comfortable with their treatment, but the CBT-E patients showed greater amounts of recovery 5 months after treatment than did the IPT patients. c. Both forms of treatment were effective both immediately after treatment and 5 months after treatment, but CBT-E patients reported being significantly more comfortable and more satisfied with their treatment than the IPT patients. d. Both forms of treatment were effective and patients were comfortable with their treatment, but the IPT patients showed greater amounts of recovery 5 months after treatment than did the CBT-E patients.dApproximately 20% to 30% of anorexia nervosa-related deaths are due to ________, which is 50 times higher than the risk of death from the same cause in the general population. a. hypothermia b. stroke c. myocardial infarction d. suicideaSally has suffered from anorexia nervosa since she was a teenager. Now in her mid-twenties, which of the following behaviors might she demonstrate that is frequently associated with this eating disorder? a. Sally hoards food in her room and although she doesn't eat it she looks at it from time to time. b. She stays as far away from food as possible, refusing to cook it or have people over to her home for meals. c. She will actively seek out treatment for her disorder for as long as it takes to get better. d. Although she will not want help for her problem, she will recognize that she is extremely thin and has an unhealthy body frame.dWhich of the following potentially fatal medical conditions is not a known consequence of the electrolyte imbalances that can occur as a result of repeated vomiting that is often associated with bulimia nervosa? a. renal failure b. cardiac arrhythmia c. seizures d. development of lanugoaMillicent sits up in bed several times a week, shouting and crying as if she is terrified. Her mother takes her to the pediatrician who suggests that she is suffering from night terrors. Upon hearing this, Millicent's father says, "this is probably just caused by nightmares. She'll grow out of it!" Is Millicent's father correct? a. He is half right - Millicent is not having nightmares because sleep terrors occur during NREM sleep, but the typical treatment is to wait and see if the terrors go away on their own. Only if they do not will additional treatment be needed. b. He is half right - Millicent's sleep terrors are, in fact caused by nightmares, but this problem does not go away on its own. Treatment is going to be necessary. c. He is completely incorrect - Sleep terrors are not caused by bad dreams, and they always require treatment in order to go away. d. He is entirely correct - Sleep terrors are caused by frightening dreams, and they usually go away on their own over time.bJulia has been in treatment for anorexia nervosa for the past two months. Her treatment has consisted of many different features, including helping her to gain weight to get back into a health range, family therapy, and individual psychotherapy. Julia has participated willingly in all of these aspects of her treatment. Which of them will be the best predictor of long-term recovery from anorexia nervosa? a. Weight-gain strategies b. Family psychotherapy c. Individual psychotherapy d. No one treatment strategy is any more predictive of long-term recovery than the others.cIn a study comparing the genetic contribution to eating disorders, researchers found that in ___% of identical twin pairs both twins had bulimia nervosa, while that number was ___% of fraternal twin pairs. Although this does not rule out the influence of environmental and sociocultural factors, it does present compelling evidence for a genetic contribution to these conditions. a. 9; 2 b. 68; 22 c. 23; 9 d. 47; 31aAn analysis of which type of television show that runs during prime-time hours found that 12% of the female characters were depicted as dieting and making disparaging remarks about their body image? a. situation comedies b. dramas c. mystery shows d. reality showsaJody regularly engages in binge-eating episodes, and clearly suffers from an eating disorder. How would you determine if her diagnosis should be bulima nervosa or binge-eating disorder? a. If it is bulimia nervosa, Jody's binge-eating episodes will be followed by some sort of compensatory behaviors to get rid of the calories she consumed. If it is binge-eating disorder, she will not. b. If it is bulimia nervosa, Jody will have a very thin and emaciated body. If it is binge-eating disorder, Jody will have a normal or slightly overweight frame. c. If it is bulimia nervosa, Jody will have a normal or slightly overweight frame. If it is binge-eating disorder, Jody will have a very thin and emaciated body. d. If it is binge-eating disorder, Jody's binge-eating episodes will be followed by some sort of compensatory behaviors to get rid of the calories she consumed. If it is bulimia nervosa, she will not.aSome people who suffer from narcolepsy experience a sudden loss of muscle tone, a condition called ________. This can be very dangerous, as a person can hurt themselves during such episodes. a. cataplexy b. catalepsy c. ischemia d. anoxiabRudy has a problem getting to his morning classes in college and it has been going on for more than half of the semester. Although he goes to bed by 11 pm every night, he often does not wake up until at least 9 am, and on these days he misses his 8 am course. His roommate has suggested just dropping the course and signing up for later classes, but Rudy is bothered because he usually does not feel well-rested even after a night of so much sleep. Which of the following is accurate for Rudy's case? a. No disorder exists if this behavior does not bother Rudy or interfere in his life. b. Rudy should be diagnosed with hypersomnolence disorder. c. A medical condition is a more appropriate diagnosis than a sleep disorder. d. Rudy should be diagnosed with narcolepsy.bDonte has been having difficulty with sleeping and feeling rested lately. His doctor decides to send him for a polysomnographic evaluation to assess different physical functions that are occurring during his sleep time. One of them, called an ________, will measure the eye movements that take place during his sleep and this will help determine whether or not he is entering a REM stage while he sleeps and, if so, for how long. a. electromyogram b. electrooculogram c. electroencephalogram d. electrocardiogrambErrol suffers from bulimia nervosa and is currently receiving treatment for it. His clinician has read the existing research on the use of medications, and has found that a particular type of drug is of use during the bingeing and purging cycle of this disorder. Which of the following types of medication will Errol be asked to take? a. An antimanic (mood stabilizer) b. An antidepressant c. An antipsychotic d. An appetite stimulantdBecause societal messages promoting thinness as ideal for girls are received even in early childhood, your authors note that by the age of ________ years as many as 20% of girls report that they are trying to lose weight. a. 6 b. 14 c. 3 d. 9bWhich of the following is the best argument for increasing taxes on unhealthy food products, such as sweetened soft drinks and fatty snack foods? a. Research finds that even a small increase in cost will act as a strong "disincentive" to buying unhealthy food products. b. The obesity epidemic is one of the greatest threats to health in recent history, and steps must be taken to address this problem. c. The government could raise an enormous amount of money to fight obesity by levying such taxes. d. The government has an obligation to restrict people's access to unhealthy food products.aIndividuals with night eating syndrome tend to consume more than ______ of their daily calorie intake after their evening meal. a. one-third b. one-half c. two-thirds d. one-quarter