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MDA Chapter 41 Intraoral Imaging

Terms in this set (75)

Alignment of central beam in horizontal and vertical planes
Angulation
Intraoral technique of exposing dental radiographs
Bisecting(Bisection of the angle) technique
Type of image used for interproximal examination
Bitewing
X-ray at center of beam
Central ray
Area of the mesial or distal surfaces of a tooth that touches adjacent tooth in the same arch
Contact area
Coronal portion of alveolar bone found between the teeth
Crestal Bone
Impairment of mental or physical functioning that usually occurs before adulthood and last indefinitely
Developmental disability
Referring to images with the proper structures and necessary density, contrast, definition, and detail for diagnostic procedures
Diagnostic quality
Between two adjacent surfaces
Interproximal
Cutting across or through
Intersecting
Imaginary line dividing the tooth longitudinally(vertically) into two equal halves
Long axis of the tooth
Used to examine large areas of the upper or lower jaw
Occlusal technique
Moving or lying in the in the same plane, always separated by the same distance
Parallel
Intraoral technique of exposing periapcal and bitewing images
Paralleling technique
Intersecting atnor forming at a right angle
Perpendicular
Impairment in a certain function(s) of the body such as vision, hearing, or mobility
Physical disability
Intraoral device used to position and hold the film, sensor, PSP
Positioning device/ instrument
Angle of 90 degrees formed by two lines perpendicular to each other
Right Angle
The radiograph that shows images of the entire length of the tooth, including the apex, is the ____.
periapical
The radiographic technique that produces the least amount of distortion to the image is the ____.
paralleling technique
In the paralleling technique, the film is placed ____.
parallel to the long axis of the tooth
The film is positioned in a __________ position when exposing a mandibular canine radiograph.
vertical
A bitewing radiographic survey can include _____.
two - four films
The premolar periapical film should include_____.
the distal half of the canine and both premolars.
Incorrect __________ angulation will result in closed contacts on the radiograph.
horizontal
The technique sometimes referred to as the short cone technique is the ______.
bisecting technique
The most appropriate technique to use when exposing dental x-ray film on a patient with a shallow palate, a very short lingual frenum, or palatal tori is the _______.
bisecting technique.
A herringbone pattern on a dental x-ray indicates the film packet was _______.
placed backward with the white side facing away from the tubehead
The bitewing film may be positioned in either a vertical or a horizontal position. t or f?
true
The long axis of the tooth is an imaginary line, dividing the tooth in half horizontally. t or f?
false
Crestal bone is not visible with a periapical x-ray. t or f?
false
In the labial mounting method, radiographs are viewed as if the dental radiographer was sitting in the patient's mouth, looking out. t or f?
false
An edentulous patient will not require radiographs of any kind. t or f?
false
what is the difference between a bitewing and a periapical image?
bitewing image shows the upper and lower teeth in occlusion. the periapical image shows the entire tooth from occlusal surface or incisal edge to about 2 to 3 mm beyond the apex.
what are two techniques for obtaining periapical images?
bisecting and parallel technique
why is an exposure sequence important?
without a planned exposure sequence, you are more likely to omit an area or to expose the same area twice
when exposing images, in which area of the mouth should you begin?
maxillary anterior right
which projection should be the first for posterior exposures?
premolar
why is it not recommended to have the patient hold the film or sensor during exposure?
unnecessary radiation
what type of film or sensor holders can be used in the bisecting technique?
EeZee- Grip holder
what error occurs when the horizontal angulation is incorrect?
overlapped or unopened contact areas
what two errors occur the vertical angulation is incorrect?
enlongated or foreshortened images
in the bisecting technique, how is the film or sensor placed in relation to the teeth?
close to the crowns of the teeth
what is the purpose of bitewing images?
to detect interproximal caries and exam crestal bone level between teeth
what horizontal angulation should be used for bitewing images?
+ 10 degrees
what size film is used for adults in the occlusal technique?
#4
when are occlusal radiographs indicated?
To show a wide view of the arch of the upper and lower jaws
what physical disabilities may affect dental patients?
vision, hearing, and mobility
under what circumstance would you hold a film sensor for a patient?
none
for partially edentulous patients, how can you modify the technique for using a bite-block?
with a cotton roll
when exposing images on a pediatric patient, how can you best describe the tubehead for the patient?
as a camera
what changes must be made in exposure factors when one is exposing dental images on a pediatric patient?
milliamperage, kilovoltage, and exposure time
what size of film is recommended for a pediatric patient with all primary dentition?
#0
why is the exposure sequence especially important when one is taking x-rays on a patient with a severe gag reflex?
in preventing gag reflex and keep track of expose areas
what is the defintion of a diagnostic quality images?
those that have been properly placed, exposed, and processed
when mounting radiographs, what is the ADA's recommendation concerning placement of the raised dot?
to use the labial method with the dot facing up
why is of important for the dental assistant to recognize anatomic landmarks?
to mount dental radiographs correctly
why is it important to avoid retakes?
to prevent additional exposure of the patient to ionizing radiation
Explain the reasons that the number of images in an FMX might vary.
depends on dentist's prefer and the number of teeth present
Name the two primary types of projections used in an intraoral technique.
bisecting and paralleling techniques
State the five basic rules of the paralleling technique.
image receptor placement, image receptor position, vertical angulation, horizontal angulation, and central ray
Describe how to prepare a patient for dental imaging.
have them seated after the room has been prepared and infection control procedures completed
Explain why an image receptor holder is necessary with the paralleling technique.
image receptor must be placed away from the teeth and toward the middle of the mouth
Describe the sequence of exposure for anterior teeth
6 to 11 and 22 to 27
Describe the sequence of exposure for posterior teeth
5 to 1, 21 to 17, 12 to 16, and 28 to 32
Identify the types of image receptor holders that can be used with the bisecting technique.
bisecting- angle instrument, stabe bite-block, and EeZee- Grip holder
Describe the result of incorrect vertical angulation.
the image isnt the same length as the tooth that is being x-rayed and is elonglated or foreshortened
Identify the image receptor size used in the bisecting technique.
#2
Explain the basic rules for the bitewing technique
image receptor is parallel to the crowns and is stabilized when pt bites & central ray of x ray beam is directed through the contacts of the teeth
Name the recommended vertical angulation for all bitewing exposures
+ 10 degrees
Explain the technique for exposing occlusal
radiographs.
is used when large areas of the maxilla or mandible must be radiographed
Describe techniques for managing patients with special medical needs.
altering radiographic technique to meet the specific needs of the individual patient
Describe techniques for managing patients with special dental needs, including a hypersensitive gag reflex
explain the procedure, and then compliment the patient as each exposure is completed. as the patient becomes more confident with the procedure, the patient is less likely to gag.
Describe the appearance of the most common
dental image technique errors.
clear, black, dark, light, no apices, overlapping contacts, foreshortened image, elongated image, cone cut, distorted image with dark lines on corners, double image, blurred image, light image with herringbone pattern
Explain the two methods of mounting dental
radiographs.
in the labial mounting method, films are placed in the mount with the raised dots facing up (convex). in the second method, in the lingual mounting method, films are placed in the mount with the raised dots facing down (concave).
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