Upgrade to remove ads
Only $35.99/year

Social Studies Test AoC

Terms in this set (52)

Preamble
It states purpose and reasons why the constitution was made.
-Stability, order, to set out a plan/structure for the new nation's government.
-Remember organization and representation> Constitution was the plan for government, it created our government for new nation separated from England
Articles
7 Sections/divisions
Article 1
Established Legislative
Article 2
Established Executive
Article 3
Established Judicial
Article 4
Relationships of the states to each other and the nation as a whole
Article 5
Changes or amendments --> (Amendments: definition in #13)
Article 6
Contains "Supremacy Clause" --> (It establishes higher law)
Article 7
Ratification, or passing Constitution into law
Ratification: Ratify
Sign in to law & to make legal
Unicameral Congress
1 "room," single congress
Bicameral Congress
2 "room," double congress
Amendments
Changes to the constitution
Changes: (amendments)
The first ten amendments/"changes" are the Bill of Rights --> There are 27 amendments total
What article gives the right to change the Constitution?
The 5th article gives the right to change the document to change the law (they could see that the laws would need to be changed for the future EX: a child growing can't have the same size pants)
Why are the first 10 the Bill of Rights?
[possible essay question]
Because it gave specific rights because anti-federalists wanted to specify laws. They agreed to make a bill of rights so that they can give the anti-federalists the individual rights
Popular Sovereignty
Rule by the people

Popular= Well known, Sovereignty= Supreme power, authority
Federalism
The devision of power between the national (federal) and state (More info. refer to #19)
Why do we have federalism?
We have federalism so that people had more votes, each state had it's own say rather than just a big country
Separation of Powers
Articles 1-2-3: Legislative, Executive, and Judicial

Separation of Powers insures that no one branch becomes too powerful, by spreading the powers to make laws, carry out laws and enforce/ interpret laws
Checks and Balances
The system we have to review the balance of powers
(more info. refer to #22)
Checks and Balances Examples:
Congress proposes a law, the president can veto the law (checking the Congress's power)

The Judicial branch checks both Congress and Executive by ruling constitutional or non-constitutional

The president checks Judicial branch by appointing judges

Each! branch must be responsible for the others, no not has the MOST power
Judicial Review
The court has the ability to review and interpret laws
What is the highest court?
The supreme court has the ability to declare state and federal laws "unconstitutional: or against the constitution ( the highest law in our land)
Limited Government
Constitution limits its own power and what and how a government can do
What does a constitution do?
It creates specific rules establishing our governments OWN limits against ITSELF
This relates the principle of higher law -- no one branch, and no one person is above the law
Cede
Yielded-yield- The individual states let the land to all states congress
What were two financial problems that could not be resolved by the Articles of Confederation?
No money to repay farmers from lack or taxation
Can't enforce the laws, they could not regulate trade.
So they made what? They made the 3/5 compromise= that means that for every five slaves it equals three people (more info. #29)
3/5 Compromise
After the Great Compromise problems remained, when they determined the number of representation by population they didn't know wether to include the enslaved population. So they determined that for every 5 slaves it would equal 3 people
Shay's Rebellion
Shays's Rebellion
In 1787 these economic troubles led to armed rebellion. In western Massachusetts several hundred angry farmers armed with pitchforks marched on the Springfield arsenal to get weapons. Daniel Shays, a former captain in the Revolutionary Army, led the farmers. Unable to pay their mortgages some farmers in western Massachusetts were jailed or had their property taken from them. The farmers wanted to prevent the courts from foreclosing on mortgages and taking away their farms. To force the state to pass laws to help them, the farmers threatened to lay siege to Boston. The Massachusetts militia put down the rebellion, but the unrest frightened American leaders. Henry Knox, later the nation's first secretary of war, echoed the growing number of Americans ready to agree to a strong national government.
Who is Patrick Henery?
He is an anti-federalist
What is Jurisdiction?
Who they have power over
Which article has been changed 27 times?
The 5th article has been changed (more info. on the 5th article refer to #7)
Which article establishes all laws mist be made in accordance with the constitution?
The 6th article because it contains the supremacy clause that is the [Higher Law*] (more info. on the 6th article refer to #8)
According to the articles of confederation, what power was reserved to the congress?
The power that was reserved was the ability to make laws. However it took a different branch to enforce them and put them into action/review them (more info. on different branches and related topics refer to #1,22,23,24 for a definition of articles of confederation refer to #42)
What problem caused Shay's Rebellion?
The farmers didn't get the money that they were promised for serving in the war because of the lack of taxation. So then they took away the farmers houses because the farmers were going to pay for the house when they got the money for the war service (more info. on shay's rebellion refer to #30)
What document served as the 1st National constitution?
The Articles of Confederation (more info. in #1-7)
What is your opinion of the greatest achievement of the Articles of Confederation and why?
The North West Ordinance: Lets states explore beyond the Appalachians and the land beyond the mountains is shared (more info. in greater detail of the Ordinance in #39)
Ordinance & North West Ordinance
Congress enacted two land ordinances, or laws, that provided for the organization of these territories. The Northwest Ordinance of 1787, for example, established the principle that the territories owned by the government were to be developed for statehood on an equal basis with the older states.
The following questions/facts are in order in a timeline form
...
What did the declaration of independence do?
It broke the English colonies free from England
What is the 1st plan of government?
The Articles of Confederation (a.k.a. AoC)
--> Organization?
Representation?
Congress
The congress at the time was unicameral (definition of unicameral in #11)
it had 1 representative=1 state=1 vote
What happened after?
Shay's Rebellion.....
What??......
I can't hear you.....

SHAY'S REBELLION!!

OH! Yeah I heard you can read about that on #30....in great detail too
Constitutional Convention
Convention=meeting like a Star Wars convention, what do they do there?, talk and do Star Wars stuff. That means that at a Constitutional Convention they talk and do Constitutional business
(more info. in detail about the constitutional convention in # 46)
Constitutional Convention Plan
(1)-Revise the Articles
(2)-Separation of powers
(3)-Strong national government
Virginia Plan - by madison
(a.k.a. VA plan) :
ORGANIZATION: 3 branches-The congress would be bicameral (bicameral definition refer to #12)

REPRESENTATION: depending on the size of the state

INFO: This was told in the convention by Randolph however this was written by MADISON (a.k.a. "father of the constitution")
New-Jersey Plan -by patterson
(a.k.a. NJ plan)
ORGANIZATION: AoC Unicameral Congress (unicameral definition refer to #11)

REPRESENTATION: 1 representative=1state=1vote
(because they were small and it would be fair)

Stronger National Government- Weak executive- states equal
The Great Compromise/Connecticut Plan
The CT plan is a combination of VA and NJ plans

VA plan [house] --> # of representatives by population
(VA plan details refer to #47)

NJ plan [senate] --> 2 senators per state (equal)
(NJ plan details refer to #48)

This worked out well, however some problems remained,--> continue to next card for the problem
Slavery
When the you determine the # of representatives you use the number of people in the population however the Southern States had 1/3 of their population slaves:
They didn't know wether they counted or not

So there was a compromise: 3/5 compromise
(more info on the 3/5 compromise in #29)
CONSTITUTION
Constitution=ratification (definition in #10)=9/13 states needed to agree

Federalists VS. Anti-federalists
--> They wanted bill of rights
--> Lead to:
The Constitution of the UNITED States of America
STARWARS
Star wars is awesome
chewbacca is awesome
yoda is cool
r2d2 is funny
c3po is Anthony Daniels
Boba Fett was eaten by the sarlacc
Princess Lei is married to
Han Solo who has the
Millenium falcon
Other sets by this creator