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Bio test 2: lecture 2 study guide

Terms in this set (22)

What is the definition of a vesicle
They store and transport material through the cell (inside and outside); animal and plants have them
What are the functions of a lysosome (there are 2)
Intercellular digestion (break down material in vesicle use of enzymes) AND break down dead or damaged organelles
What is the difference of a primary or secondary lysosome
Primary not activated at all; secondary activated using them to do their job
What is phagocytosis
Intake food particles into the cell
What is the definition of a microbody
Enzymes barring membrane included vesicles (same as lysosomes)
Peroxisomes are a type of microbody, but what is their specific function
Breaks down harmful substances
What statement describes the characteristics of proteasome
Recycle proteins; very complex vesicles work by using a specific tag marker to rip apart
What is the function of a plant vacuole
Used for storage; could have enzymes inside with liquid
What is the function of a tonoplast
Lining that protects the central vacuole (for plants)
What is the main function of mitochondria
Powerhouse of the cell; ATP is created here
Which statement properly describes the physical characteristics of a mitochondria (I.e. know the parts)
Enclosed membrane with different parts. Cristae: different folds matrix: cytoplasm/ contains main liquid; inner most membrane brown: outer membrane intermem space inter membrane matrix
What is special about mitochondria and chloroplasts compared to most other organelles? (We discussed one specific thing)
SPECIAL: have own DNA and replicate all on their own; can do everything on their own. No other organelles have this except nucleus
What is the main function of a chloroplast
Light energy and create sugars and ATP's
Which statement properly describe the physical characteristics of a chloroplast? (I. E. know the parts)
2 membranes outer inner space inner , thylakoid-one disc, grana- more than one pile of stacked thylakoids, granum- single pile, stroma- liquid that surrounds the grana, Fluid in chloroplast
Which statement is true regarding the theory of endosymbiosis
Theory that you had a cell, early eukaryote,and went to eat bacteria and didn't get broken down and started to create energy and replicate on its own ; thought that chloroplast and microcondria evolved from bacteria and by chance didn't get broken down and body recognized at self now used as cell
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