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APLAC Terms

Terms in this set (153)

Figures of speech

Expressions stretching words beyond their literal meanings

A breaking-off of speech, usually because of rising emotion or excitement.

The clash of harsh sounds within a sentence or phrase

An expression that has been overused to the point its effectiveness is lost

An informal or conversational use of language

An elaborate parallel between two seemingly dissimilar objects or ideas

An adjective or descriptive phrase expressing a quality characteristic of the person or thing mentioned

A pleasant arrangement of sounds

A common expression containing a meaning that differs from its literal meaning

A form of understatement that involves making an affirmative point by denying its opposite

A literary work that criticizes human misconduct and ridicules vices, stupidities, and follies

Characterized by that which is out of the ordinary, odd

Filled with action and emotion; vivid

Well informed, wide range of knowledge, especially in one particular area

Something educational, instructive

Dark, dull, gloomy, depressing

Pressing, insistent

Certain, sure of oneself

Mocking heroism

Impersonal, without bias or prejudice

Timid, shy, lacking confidence

Contrary to what is presented and expected

Intended to teach, but in a pushy manner

Trivial, making unimportant things seem important

Something true, real

Held in check, controlling emotions

Aloof, acting as if above the reader

Overly sad, exaggerated

Putting extra emphasis on trivial matters

Angry because of unfair judgment

Playful, joking

Impertinent, disrespectful

Condescending/Patronizing

Putting the reader in a position below the writer

Trying to be funny at the wrong time

Straight forward, impersonal

Making fun of something that should be kept serious

Trying to create excitement and stir up emotions

Being kind toward the subject

Broad satire, trying to imitate another piece of writing

Playful, imaginative

Not emotionally connected or involved

Believing people are selfish and lack sincerity in their motives

Getting right to the point, clear

Indirect, implying, vague

Showing contempt or disdain

Too much emotion, expressing an extreme liking

Informal, uses first and second person and contractions

Sympathetic and showing concern for others

Objective, favoring no sides, without bias

Dull, lifeless, not exciting

Pretending to be superior and have so much knowledge that they must be regarded

Exciting, vigorous

A lack of respect for something that deserves respect

Exaggerated emotion, overly emotional

Sounding self righteous but acting above the reader

Praise, respect, admiration

Disdainful, disliking something

Showing favor, approval, understanding

Sarcastic, mocking

Interested and worried about something

It's self explanatory

Pompous, using fancy, high flown words to hide true meaning

Scornful, sneering

Meaning is altered from the usual or expected

Word order is altered from the usual or expected

A play on words

Implied comparison between two unlike things

Explicit comparison between two unlike things using like or as

Personification

Attributing human qualities to an inanimate object

The use of words to convey a meaning that is the opposite of its literal meaning

Exaggeration for emphasis

A figure of speech in which a part is used for the whole

A figure of speech in which something is referred to by using the name of something that is associated with it

A figure of speech that combines opposite or contradictory terms in a brief phrase

A statement or proposition that seems self-contradictory or absurd but in reality expresses a possible truth

A word that imitates the sound it represents

Rhetorical question

A question asked merely for effect with no answer expected

A figure of speech that directly addresses an absent or imaginary person or a personified abstraction

An indirect, less offensive way of saying something that is considered unpleasant

Expresses similar or related ideas in similar grammatical structures

Structure in which the first clause is reversed in the second

Arranging ideas in order of importance

Repetition at the end of a clause of the word that starts it

Using opposite phrases in close conjunction

Repetition of the same word or group of words at the ends of successive clauses

Using two different words that sound exactly alike and yoking them together

Reversing or rearranging the word order

Placing a noun next to another noun or phrase that explains it

An insertion of material that interrupts the typical flow of a sentence

Conjunctions are omitted, creating a fast pace

Deliberate use of many conjunctions to slow the pace

The repetition of the same word or phrase at the start of phrases or clauses

Repetition of initial consonant sounds

Repetition of similar vowel sounds in a sentence

Repetition of a consonant sound within two or more words in close proximity

Periodic sentence

A sentence withholding the main idea until the end

A sentence that presents the main idea first

Ad hominem argument

An argument attacking the opposing speaker or another person instead of the issue at hand

A work in which characters represent ideas or concepts

A reference to another thing, idea, or person

Uncertain, indefinite, vague

A similarity or comparison between two different things or the relationship between them

The word, phrase, or clause referred to by a pronoun

Elevation to a godlike status

A word or phrase that emphasizes or clarifies a nearby noun or pronoun

Emotional feeling of a scene, place, or event

The tone of a text

A false or forced emotion that is often humorous

Using opposition to elaborate ideas

A writer's or speaker's choice of words

A work that expresses sorrow

Writing or speech organized to explain

A story that has been imagined or invented

Figurative language

All uses of language that imply an imaginative comparison

A hint placed in a work to suggest what may come later

A set of rules that specify how language can effectively be used

A mental picture created by words an author uses

Placement of two things closely together to emphasize comparisons or contrasts

The use of reason and logic

Feeling or atmosphere that a writer creates for the reader

A brief summary of a whole work

The speed at which a piece of writing moves along

An effort to ridicule or make fun of a literary work or an author by writing an imitation of the work or style

Appeal to emotion

Describes the relationship of a writer to the audience through looking at which pronouns the author uses

The character created by the voice and narration of the speaker of a text

Point of view (omniscient)

The perspective from which a story is told (all knowing viewpoint)

Reiteration of the same word for emphasis

The art and logic of an argument

Rhetorical/Narrative strategy

A plan of action or movement to achieve a goal

Rhetorical devices

The specific language tools that an author uses to carry out a rhetorical strategy

The narrator of a story

A form of deductive reasoning in which pieces of evidence are used to create a new conclusion

A thing that represents or stands for something else, especially a material object representing something abstract

A word that has the same meaning as another word

The way words are arranged in a sentence

A feeling of excitement and expectation as one reads because of mood, conflict, or atmosphere

The way the elements of a work are joined together

Central idea of a work of literature

Attitude a writer takes toward the audience, a subject, or a character

An author gives less significance to an event than it deserves, drawing attention to it

Assuming one event causes another just because it happened first

Comparing two non-comparable things

Hasty Generalization

Basing an argument on insufficient evidence

Introducing an irrelevant issue intended to distract readers from the relevant issues

Circular Reasoning

A statement that merely repeats itself

Selecting the opposition's weakest point to argue against to divert attention from the main issue

Begging the question

Presenting as truth what is supposed to be proven in the argument

The conclusion is not a logical result of the facts

Reasoning from the general to the specific

Reasoning from a particular set of facts to a general conclusion

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