Which operant conditioning procedure increases the rate of a response by terminating an aversive stimulus?

A. Positive reinforcement

B. Negative reinforcement

C. Punishment

D. Omission training

E. Shaping

(B)

Negative reinforcement involves terminating an aversive stimulus (escape) or postponing its occurrence (avoidance) after a goal response. This increases the likelihood of the response being repeated in the future. Negative reinforcement is often confused with punishment in which an aversive stimulus is introduced to decrease the rate of a response.