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Geology 1100 Homework 5

Terms in this set (39)

What does this figure illustrate?

A. how fault scarps are formed
B. strike-slip faulting
C. hanging wall moving up
D. vertical displacement
B. Strike-slip faulting
Normal faults are associated with what plate boundaries?
Divergent
Reverse plate boundaries are associated with what plate boundaries ?
convergent
What plate boundary(s) are associated with strike-slip faults ?
Transform
In this illusration ?

A. the displacement of Layer B shows that this is a strike-slip fault.
B. the displacement of Layer B shows that this is a thrust fault.
C. Block X is the hanging wall.
D. Block X is the footwall.
C. Block X is the hanging wall
Which of the following terms refers to the process of mountain building?

A. orogeny
B. cratonic platform
C. brittle and ductile deformation
D. tectonic foliation
A. orogeny
Which statements are true about brittle deformation ?

A.Brittle deformation can be preceded by small amounts of elastic deformation.
B.During brittle deformation, rocks can break or crack into pieces.
C.During brittle deformation, rocks can fold or bend.
D.Brittle deformation usually occurs at great depths and high temperatures.
A. brittle deformation can be preceded by small amounts of elastic deformation
B. During brittle deformation, rocks can break or crack into pieces
Ductile deformation results in a change of the shape of solids without breaking them. This can also be said of elastic deformation.
Watch both the Elastic Deformation and Ductile Deformation topics in the Reock Deformation Animation, and compare the two types of deformation. How is ductile deformation different from elastic deformation?

A.Once the stress is removed, rocks that have undergone ductile deformation retain their new shape.
B.Ductile deformation requires internal fracturing of the rock, whereas elastic deformation does not.
C.Once the stress is removed, rocks that have undergone ductile deformation return to their original shape.
D.Ductile deformation can result in tight folds, whereas elastic deformation usually terminates in brittle deformation rather than tight folding.E.Ductile deformation results in folds, whereas elastic deformation results in faults.
A. once the stress is removed, rocks that have undergone ductile deformation reatin their new shape
D. Ductile deformation can result in tight folds, whereas elastic deformation rather than tight folding
Select statements true of ductile deformation in solids. Note that ductile deformation is also called plastic deformation.

A.Ductile deformation usually occurs at great depths and high temperatures.
B.Ductile deformation is usually preceded by small amounts of elastic deformation.
C.During ductile deformation, rocks can break or crack into pieces.
D.During ductile deformation, rocks can fold or bend.
A. Ductile deformation usually occurs at great depths and high temperatures
D. During ductile deformation, rocks can fold or bend
Infer which of these solids is most likely to deform elastically under stress.

A. playdough
B. a rubber band
C. a paper clip
D. a ceramic plate
B. a rubber band
Which of the following statements about stress is true?

A. It may have different magnitude in different directions.
B. It is the same as force.
C. It is the change in shape produced by strain.
D. It is the same as pressure.
A. It may have different magnitude in different directions
How do you recognize faults in the field ?

jointing
slickensides
offset of layers on opposite sides of the fault
development of drag folds along the fault interface
shattered rock
powdered rock
slickensides
offset of layers on opposite sides of the fault
development of drag folds along the fault interface
shattered rock
powdered rock
How is a fault different from a joint ?

A. Faults are fractures along which displacement has occurred; displacement does not occur along joints.
B. Faults are joints that are larger than a square meter in area.
C. Joints are fractures along which displacement has occurred; displacement does not occur along faults.
D. There is no difference; the two terms are synonymous.
A. Faults are fractures along which displacement has occurred; displacement does not occur along joints
Based on looking at the offset of the beds, which type of fault is this?

A. thrust fault
B. strike-slip fault
C. unconformity
D. normal fault
A. Thrust fault
Which statements are true about normal faults ?

A.They are associated with tensional stress.
B.The hanging wall moves down relative to the footwall.
C.Their motion is dip-slip.
D.The result is shortening of the crust.
A.They are associated with tensional stress.
B.The hanging wall moves down relative to the footwall.
C.Their motion is dip-slip.
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