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Biology 198 Exam 5 Class 1

Terms in this set (23)

1st law of thermodynamics
energy cannot be created or destroyed, it can be transferred from one form to another
2nd law of thermodynamics
every transformation of energy from one form to another results in some energy lost as an unusable form
Why are thermodynamics important to cellular energetics?
because living organisms appear to reduce entropy, assembling small molecules into polymers and higher order structures. this work releases waste heat that increases the entry of the environment.
Anabolic processes
synthesize complex molecules from smaller ones
what type of reaction joined monomers into polymers?
condensation (a polypeptide chain formed from amino acids)
catabolic processes
break down complex molecules into simpler ones
what type of reaction breaks polymers down to monomers?
hydrolysis (starch broken down into glucose)
are catabolic processes exergonic or endergonic?
exergonic
Are anabolic processes exergonic or endergonic?
endergonic
oxidation
removes an electron from a compound (this compound's energy is lowered)
reduction
adds an electron to a compound (this compound's energy is increased)
OIL
RIG
Oxidation is Loss
Reduction is Gain
Diffusion
movement of a substance from areas of high concentration to low concentration
osmosis
the movement of water from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
Isotonic
a solution whose solute concentration is equal to the solute concentration inside a cell
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