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Micro chp 9

Terms in this set (45)

1) Standard methods of sterilization are not effective in inactivating
A) viruses.
B) bacterial cells.
C) prions.
D) bacterial endospores.
E) fungi.
C - prions
2) Which of the following statements is true of disinfectants?
A) Disinfectants are effective in destroying endospores.
B) Disinfectants are used on living tissue.
C) Disinfectants are used for sterilization.
D) Disinfectants are used on inanimate surfaces.
E) Disinfectants are only effective for short periods of time (seconds to minutes).
D - disinfectants are used on inanimate surfaces
3) Which of the following statements concerning microbial death is FALSE?
A) It can be used to evaluate the efficacy of antimicrobial agents.
B) It is constant over time of exposure to an antimicrobial agent.
C) It is the permanent loss of a microbe's reproductive ability.
D) It is the permanent loss of a microbe's ability to reproduce and can be used to evaluate antimicrobial agents.
E) It is not an effective means of evaluating the efficacy of antimicrobial agents.
E - it is not an effective means of evaluating the efficacy of antimicrobial agents
4) Which of the following is an example of sanitization?
A) A public toilet is treated with disinfectants.
B) A surgeon washes her hands before surgery.
C) Heat is used to kill potential pathogens in apple juice.
D) An autoclave is used to prepare nutrient agar.
E) A nurse prepares an injection site with an alcohol swab.
A - a public toilet is treated with disinfectants
5) Aseptic means
A) sterile.
B) free of all microbes.
C) clean.
D) sanitized.
E) free of pathogens.
E - free of pathogens
6) Which of the following would NOT be bacteriostatic?
A) desiccation
B) freezing below 0°C
C) lyophilization
D) autoclaving
E) refrigeration of mesophiles
D - autoclaving
7) Antimicrobial agents that damage nucleic acids also affect
A) the cell wall.
B) the cell membrane.
C) the viral envelope.
D) endospores.
E) protein synthesis.
E - protein synthesis
8) Seventy percent alcohol is effective against
A) enveloped viruses.
B) nonenveloped viruses.
C) bacterial endospores.
D) protozoan cysts.
E) prions.
A - enveloped viruses
9) An instrument that will come into contact with only the skin of a patient should be disinfected with a(n)
A) high-level germicide.
B) low-level germicide.
C) intermediate-level germicide.
D) degerming agent only.
E) germistatic agent only.
B - low-level germicide
10) Which of the following is NOT an effective means of sterilization?
A) ionizing radiation
B) incineration
C) lyophilization
D) autoclaving
E) dry heat
C - lyophilization
11) Which of the following describes flash pasteurization?
A) heating at 63°C for 30 minutes
B) heating at 72°C for 15 seconds
C) heating at 72°C for 15 minutes
D) heating at 134°C for one second
E) passing liquid through steam at 140°C
B - heating at 72°C for 15 seconds
12) The dairy creamer used in restaurants is usually sterilized by
A) filtration.
B) ionizing radiation.
C) lyophilization.
D) UHT sterilization.
E) autoclaving.
D - UHT sterilaization
13) Boiling water for 10 minutes is effective in ridding it of
A) actively growing bacteria.
B) enveloped viruses.
C) bacterial endospores.
D) protozoan cysts.
E) both growing bacteria and enveloped viruses.
E - both growing bacteria and enveloped viruses
14) Which of the following is NOT a feature associated with filtration?
A) nitrocellulose or plastic membrane filters
B) sterilization of heat-sensitive materials
C) varying thicknesses of membrane filters used
D) use of HEPA filters to filter air
E) ability of some filters to trap viruses and proteins
C - varying thicknesses of membrane filters used
15) Which of the following is a target of pasteurization?
A) Bacillus stearothermophilus
B) Clostridium botulinum
C) Neisseria gonorrhoeae
D) Chlamydia trachomatis
E) Brucella melitensis
E - Brucella melitensis
16) Which of the following types of radiation is nonionizing and has the shortest wavelength?
A) ultraviolet light
B) infrared radiation
C) microwaves
D) X rays
E) gamma rays
A - ultraviolet light
17) Which of the following is used for microbial control in fresh fruits and vegetables?
A) X rays
B) ultraviolet light
C) electron beams
D) microwaves
E) gamma rays
E - gamma rays
18) Which of the following can be used to disinfect air?
A) HEPA filters
B) ethylene oxide
C) ultraviolet light
D) both HEPA filters and ultraviolet light
E) both ethylene oxide and ultraviolet light
D - both HEPA filters and ultraviolet light
21) Betadine is an example of which of the following groups of antimicrobial agents?
A) alcohols
B) heavy metals
C) halogens
D) phenolics
E) surfactants
C - halogens
24) Which of the following was used in the past to prevent the transmission of gonorrhea from an infected mother to her newborn?
A) hydrogen peroxide
B) beta-propiolactone
C) thimerosal
D) hexachlorophene
E) silver nitrate
E - silver nitrate
25) Which of the following is used to sterilize items that should not, or cannot, be exposed to heat or water?
A) ethylene oxide
B) formaldehyde
C) hydrogen peroxide
D) calcium hypochlorite
E) triclosan
A - ethylene oxide
27) Disinfecting agents naturally produced by microorganisms are
A) aldehydes.
B) antimicrobials.
C) halogens.
D) quats.
E) triclosans.
B - antimicrobials
28) A chemical agent that kills pathogenic microbes in general is a(n)
A) sanitizer.
B) germicide.
C) disinfectant.
D) fungicide.
E) antiseptic.
B - germicide
30) The endospores of which of the following microbes are used to measure the effectiveness of autoclave sterilization?
A) Clostridium botulinum
B) Neisseria gonorrhoeae
C) Bacillus stearothermophilus
D) Pseudomonas aeruginosa
E) Mycobacterium bovis
C - Bacillus stearothermophilus
32) Which of the following procedures is currently the standard test used in the United States for evaluating the efficiency of antiseptics and disinfectants?
A) use-dilution test
B) microbial death rate
C) in-use test
D) thermal death point
E) phenol coefficient
A - use-dilution test
34) Disinfectants that damage membranes include
A) alcohol.
B) phenolics.
C) iodine.
D) hydrogen peroxide.
E) both alcohol and phenolics.
E - both alcohol and phenoics
36) The process of filtration is a(n)
A) disinfectant method.
B) sterilizing method.
C) sanitization method.
D) antiseptic procedure.
E) ineffective method for removing microbes.
B - sterilizing method
37) Hydrogen peroxide is a(n)
A) sterilizing agent.
B) disinfecting agent.
C) antiseptic.
D) disinfecting and sterilizing agent.
E) ineffective method of disinfecting.
D - disinfecting & sterilizing agent
38) The process of incineration is used for
A) sterilization.
B) disinfection.
C) sanitization.
D) both disinfection and sanitization.
E) degerming.
A - sterilization
39) Alcohols are used for
A) disinfection.
B) sterilization.
C) antisepsis.
D) both sterilization and disinfection.
E) both antisepsis and disinfection
E - both antisepsis and disinfection
Glutaraldehyde is used for
A) antisepsis.
B) disinfection.
C) sterilization
D) sanitization.
E) both disinfection and sterilization
E - both dininfection and sterilization
Gamma irradiation is a process for
A) sterilization.
B) disinfection.
C) antisepsis.
D) degerming.
E) both antisepsis and disinfection.
A - sterilization
The compound ethylene oxide is used in
A) sanitization.
B) sterilization.
C) antisepsis.
D) degerming.
E) disinfection.
B - sterilization
Which of the following antimicrobial agents is the most toxic to humans?
A) 70% alcohol
B) ethylene oxide
C) quats
D) chloramines
E) iodophors
B - ethylene oxide
The chemical agents known as "quats" are used for
A) antisepsis.
B) disinfection.
C) sterilization.
D) quantifying antimicrobial activity.
E) neither antisepsis nor disinfection.
B - disinfection
Which of the following is NOT a desirable characteristic of an ideal antimicrobial agent?
A) it is inexpensive.
B) it is stable during storage.
C) it is harmless to humans.
D) it only arrests growth of vegetative cells.
E) it acts quickly.
D - it only arrests growth of vegetative cells
Lysol is an example of which of the following groups of chemical antimicrobial agents?
A) halogens
B) phenolics
C) alcohols
D) aldehydes
E) surfactants
B - phenolics
Which of the following is a sterilizing agent?
A) ozone
B) hydrogen peroxide
C) peracetic acid
D) dish soap
E) ozone and hydrogen peroxide
C - peracetic acid
__________ can be accomplished using boiling water
A) Sanitization
B) Disinfection
C) Sterilization
D) Antisepsis
E) Both disinfection and sanitization
E - both disinfection and sanitization
Which of the following statements about quaternary ammonium compounds is FALSE?
A) They are a type of detergent.
B) Zephiran is an example of a quat.
C) They are not effective against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
D) They function by cross-linking proteins.
E) They are harmless to humans except at high concentrations.
D - they function by cross-linking proteins
which of the following would be used to sterilize a mattress
Ethylene oxide
__________ may be achieved using chlorine dioxide
Disinfection
Which of the following is the most appropriate pairing of microbe and biosafety level?
methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), BSL-2
A scientist develops a new medication that is a protein compound and that must be administered by injection. Which of the following would be the most effective and safest means of preparing a sterile solution of the new medication?
filtration
Which of the following statements about aldehydes is FALSE?
A) They are used only to preserve dead tissues.
B) They denature proteins.
C) Some aldehydes can sterilize after long periods of exposure.
D) They are usually hazardous to humans.
E) They are used in aqueous solutions.
A - they are used only to preserve dead tissues
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