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SOC 302 Dr. Oh Ole Miss Final

Terms in this set (20)

Standpoint Theory
-Dorothy Smith:
-what counts as truth and who gets to determine it?
-standoint is a veiwpoint of the world that determines what we do and dont focus on
-what we know depends on what group we are a part of
- the perspective of the live of the less powerfull provide a more objective perpective then the lives of the powerful
Standpoint Feminism
-Dorothy Smith:
-womens experiences exsit at a point of departure
-Emphasizes that feminist social science should be practiced from the standpoint of women.
-knowledge develops in a complicated and contridicory way from the lived experiences and social historical context
-women are forced to think of a the world in concepts and terms of men
conceptual practices of power
-Dorothy Smith
-sociology is for, rather than about women
-the distinct experiences and knowledge of women are written out
-smith believes that mainstream sociology has not touched on women's experiences
- the history of sociological theories is usually from the white male agency
Black Skin, White Masks
-Franz Fanon:
-Describes black people's experience in the White world.
-In the White world his skin color becomes everything, more important than his education and achievements.
- the book points out hypocrises of racism that are woven into Western culture
-Fanon describes colonialism and its racist ways as the souce of violence
Post-Colonial Theory
-Franz Fanon:
-Set of theories addressing the legacy of colonial rule and the struggle for political and cultural independence of formally subjegated people in colonial empires.
-anaylsis The effects of these losses of cultures and nationality can be seen throughout the world today.
-adresses isssues of power
-It shows how these issues still exist and linger far after the imperial powers exited the colonies.
White Gaze
-Franz Fanon:
-The white world and how -Fanon felt the weight of the white gaze
-fanon began to see himself through the white gaze.
-colonialism produced the dependency complex in the colonized
Racial epidermal schema
-Fanon
-responsible for his body, his race, and for his ancestors
-he was a collection of stereotypes and assumptions drawn from past experiences of the system of supremacy
-the experience of being black was defined by others
-his identity was fixed
Discourse
-Foucault:
-A way of talking about something that is guided by specific rules and practices, that sets the conditions for our subjective awareness, and that subjective awareness, and that subjugates through a will to truth and power.
-Discourses is "epistemology enforcers" creating the rules of what can be said and thought about and of how those things can be played out. --foucault was very interrested in exeprt discourse
-discourse form the intelligibility rules of a given culture and historical era
Panopticon
-Foucault:
-a circular prison with cells arranged around a central well with a tall central tower in the middle from which prisoners could at all times be observed.
-The inmate is always aware that they are being watched, which imposes a self-governing obedience.
-intended to make power more econmic and effective
-we all live in a panopticon
three rules of discourse
-Foucault
-sets the boundaries of what is possible and what is impossible for us to think
- a discourses underlying rulterm-10es and practices give us a language to think and talk
-determines the position of a person must occupy in order to become the subect of a statement
-is used to impose order on a social group
Power/ Knowledge
-Foucault:
-Power involves the production of knowledge
-the two directly imply one another each produces and reinforces the other
-hallmark of cotemporary society is melding of knowledge and power and its use for social control
-power is expressed through discourse creates the way we feel act
Biopower
-Foucault:
-biopower is a new form of power -A new form of power works to promote life through managing sex rather than prohibiting.
- sexuality is a product of biopower
-Constructs an idea that physiology, emotions, desires, pleasures can be linked into sexuality.
-Sexuality becomes a principle of classification of individuals.
Repressive Hypothesis
-Foucault
-the thought that we have repressed our natural sex drive
-Foucault rejects the repressive hypothesis.
-He argues instead that the Victorians made sex central to society and social organization. -
-Knowledge about sex was produced in the Victorian period but wasn't a means to gain freedom but to regulate sexual behavior.
Conception of Power
-Foucault:
-The operation of power cannot be separated from the treatment of knowledge and discourse. -The effectiveness of power increases as the visibility decreases.
-Power is productive and creative, not only repressive or prohibitive.
-Power offers ways of being and forms of pleasure like bio-power for example.
social space/ symbolic space
-Bourdieu
-it is a mathematical and spatial metaphor
-how people are related to each with respect to types of capital
-bourdieu focuses on the relative position of economic to cultural capital
-every space is defined by capital
Cultural Capital in three forms
-Bourdieu:
-Collection of cultural styles, skills, and knowledge that come from your family background. It exists in three forms,
-embodied state: values or traditions you learn from your family,
-institutionalized state: formal education, and -
-objectified state: goods or products like paintings and dance.
-The upper class have more cultural capital to pass down to their offsprings so the offspring will only mingle with other people who have the same amount of cultural capital as they do.
Habitus
-Bourdieu's
-term to describe the self-perceptions and beliefs that develop as part of one's social identity
-links practices to postitions
-durable but not eternal
-its embodied history internalized as a second nature
Hegemony
-Gramsci:
-The ideas of the ruling class come to be seen as the norm; they are seen as universal ideologies, perceived to benefit everyone whilst only really benefitting the ruling class.
-The ruling group acquires some degree of consent from the subordinate groups, as opposed to dominance purely by force.
-The capacity of dominant classes to persuade subordinate ones to accept, adopt and internalize their values and norms. The entire system of values becomes so repeated that it begins to be viewed as "common sense"
Power Elite
-C. Wright Mills'
-term for the top people in U.S. The three most important institutions are government, military, and economy.
-The elite occupy the key leadership positions within the bureaucracies that now dominate modern society
-their power id attribute of social organizations not of individuals
-Mills says that the authority or power gets handed down to men with simular backgrounds this creates sources of unity among the elite
black feminist epistemology
-patricia Collins
-special angle on the world since she is a black women
-talks about those who lack a voice
-extending feminist standpoint to include race and class
- challenges the dominate view
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